公开(公告)号：US07075986B2

公开(公告)日：2006-07-11

申请号：US10292257

申请日：2002-11-12

申请人： Bernd Girod ,  Staffan Ericsson ,  Yuriy A. Resznik ,  Nikolaus Farber

发明人： Bernd Girod ,  Staffan Ericsson ,  Yuriy A. Resznik ,  Nikolaus Farber

IPC分类号： H04N7/12

CPC分类号： H04N9/8042 ,  H04N19/105 ,  H04N19/12 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/187 ,  H04N19/39 ,  H04N19/51 ,  H04N19/59 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N21/23424 ,  H04N21/23439 ,  H04N21/2662 ,  H04N21/6379 ,  H04N21/64769

摘要： A method for generating a digital motion video sequence at a plurality of bit rates uses a transitional coding source when switching between bitstreams having different bit rates during transmission of a video sequence. The transitional data may be frames coded using reconstructed frames reconstructed for a first bitstream using the characteristics of the second bitstream. These “low bit rate insert frames,” or LBIFs, contain the image characteristics of a signal coded at the lower bit rate. With a bitstream having a higher bit rate being periodically coded using an LBIF, a point of image continuity between the two bitstreams is provided. Thus, switching from one bitstream to the other at this point in the video sequence minimizes the production of artifacts caused by differences in bit rate. In another embodiment of the invention, a separate set of transitional data is created, taking the form of “switch” frames, or S-frames. The S-frames are typically the difference between a frame of a first bitstream and a frame of a second bitstream. These frames are inserted into the decoded bitstream during the transition from one bitstream to the other, and compensate for any visual artifacts that might otherwise occur due to the difference in bit rate of the two bitstreams.

公开(公告)号：US5854858A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-29

申请号：US504631

申请日：1995-06-07

申请人： Bernd Girod ,  Staffan Ericsson

发明人： Bernd Girod ,  Staffan Ericsson

IPC分类号： G06F17/14 ,  G06T9/00 ,  H04N7/46 ,  G06K9/36

CPC分类号： H04N19/59 ,  G06F17/147

摘要： An image processing system operates at reduced resolution to reduce computational complexity while remaining fully compatible with full resolution decoders. A video input signal is subsampled and encoded at the resulting lower resolution. The encoded signal is filled with zero terms to produce an encoded signal having the same number of terms as a full resolution encoded signal. In a motion-compensated hybrid coder, the decoder section also includes a subsampling system, so that the reconstructed video signal is produced at the same resulting lower resolution. The encoder section and the decoder section are each inverse functions of the other, eliminating a drift problem associated with prior systems.

公开(公告)号：US5587928A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-24

申请号：US242271

申请日：1994-05-13

申请人： Oliver Jones ,  Mary Deshon ,  Staffan Ericsson ,  James Flach

发明人： Oliver Jones ,  Mary Deshon ,  Staffan Ericsson ,  James Flach

IPC分类号： H04M3/56 ,  H04N7/14 ,  H04N7/10

CPC分类号： H04M3/567 ,  H04N7/148

摘要： A computer teleconferencing method and apparatus are provided which permits transmission of video image sources including both computer display images and other video images. The apparatus may include at a local teleconferencing site a personal computer having a video graphics adapter, a monitor and a digital telephone interface. The digital telephone interface is used to establish communications with a remote teleconferencing site. The apparatus may further include a video camera and a video capture system connected into the personal computer. The method may include steps of capturing snapshots of a computer display image, converting those snapshots to a digital television form, and compressing and transmitting the digital television signal to the remote teleconferencing site.

摘要翻译： 提供一种计算机电话会议方法和装置，其允许包括计算机显示图像和其他视频图像的视频图像源的传输。 该设备可以在本地电话会议站点处包括具有视频图形适配器，监视器和数字电话接口的个人计算机。 数字电话接口用于建立与远程电话会议站点的通信。 该装置还可以包括连接到个人计算机中的摄像机和视频捕获系统。 该方法可以包括以下步骤：捕获计算机显示图像的快照，将这些快照转换成数字电视形式，以及压缩并将数字电视信号发送到远程电话会议站点。

公开(公告)号：US5917954A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-29

申请号：US986841

申请日：1997-12-08

申请人： Bernd Girod ,  Staffan Ericsson

发明人： Bernd Girod ,  Staffan Ericsson

IPC分类号： G06F17/14 ,  G06T9/00 ,  H04N7/46 ,  G06K9/36

CPC分类号： H04N19/59 ,  G06F17/147

摘要： An image processing system operates at reduced resolution to reduce computational complexity while remaining fully compatible with full resolution decoders. A video input signal is subsampled and encoded at the resulting lower resolution. The encoded signal is filled with zero terms to produce an encoded signal having the same number of terms as a full resolution encoded signal. In a motion-compensated hybrid coder, the decoder section also includes a subsampling system, so that the reconstructed video signal is produced at the same resulting lower resolution. The encoder section and the decoder section are each inverse functions of the other, eliminating a drift problem associated with prior systems.

摘要翻译： 图像处理系统以降低的分辨率操作以降低计算复杂性，同时保持与全分辨率解码器完全兼容。 视频输入信号以所得到的较低分辨率进行二次采样和编码。 编码信号用零项填充以产生具有与全分辨率编码信号相同数量的编码信号。 在运动补偿混合编码器中，解码器部分还包括子采样系统，使得重建的视频信号以相同的所得到的较低分辨率产生。 编码器部分和解码器部分各自是相反的功能，消除了与现有系统相关的漂移问题。

公开(公告)号：US5822003A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-13

申请号：US940191

申请日：1997-09-29

申请人： Bernd Girod ,  Staffan Ericsson

发明人： Bernd Girod ,  Staffan Ericsson

IPC分类号： G06F17/14 ,  H04N7/50

CPC分类号： G06F17/147

摘要： A method is provided for performing a fast 3-coefficient Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) in a software implementation. The method provided exploits symmetries and statistical properties of the coefficients found in the DCT. As a result of the symmetries and statistical distribution of coefficients typically found in the DCT of typical images in image processing applications, the 3-coefficient DCT may be readily performed using as few as three input sample values from an input image block. The method selects the samples from locations in the image block where they are at peaks of the basis functions for the coefficients included, thus maximizing noise immunity. The method also provides for switching between performing the 3-coefficient DCT and a full (or other) DCT as required by image quality. Finally, the method may be generalized to perform a reduced coefficient DCT of any number of coefficients less than all coefficients in a complete output block.

公开(公告)号：US5712809A

公开(公告)日：1998-01-27

申请号：US332535

申请日：1994-10-31

申请人： Bernd Girod ,  Staffan Ericsson

发明人： Bernd Girod ,  Staffan Ericsson

IPC分类号： G06F17/14

CPC分类号： G06F17/147

摘要： A method is provided for performing a fast 3-coefficient Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) in a software implementation. The method provided exploits symmetries and statistical properties of the coefficients found in the DCT. As a result of the symmetries and statistical distribution of coefficients typically found in the DCT of typical images in image processing applications, the 3-coefficient DCT may be readily performed using as few as three input sample values from an input image block. The method selects the samples from locations in the image block where they are at peaks of the basis functions for the coefficients included, thus maximizing noise immunity. The method also provides for switching between performing the 3-coefficient DCT and a full (or other) DCT as required by image quality. Finally, the method may be generalized to perform a reduced coefficient DCT of any number of coefficients less than all coefficients in a complete output block.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于在软件实现中执行快速3系数离散余弦变换（DCT）的方法。 所提供的方法利用DCT中的系数的对称性和统计特性。 作为通常在图像处理应用中的典型图像的DCT中发现的系数的对称性和统计分布的结果，可以使用来自输入图像块的少至三个输入样本值来容易地执行3系数DCT。 该方法从图像块中的位置中选择样本，其中它们在包括的系数的基函数的峰值处，从而最大化抗噪声性。 该方法还提供了在图像质量所要求的情况下在执行3系数DCT和全（或其他）DCT之间进行切换。 最后，该方法可以被推广以执行小于完整输出块中的所有系数的任何数量的系数的减小的系数DCT。

公开(公告)号：US4794455A

公开(公告)日：1988-12-27

申请号：US175661

申请日：1988-03-21

申请人： S. Staffan Ericsson

发明人： S. Staffan Ericsson

IPC分类号： G06T9/00 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/36 ,  H04N7/46 ,  H04N7/12

CPC分类号： H04N19/577 ,  H04N19/51

摘要： A method and apparatus for encoding and transmitting a sequence of image frames employ a measure of motion displacement for generating a motion compensated image. The motion compensated image, together with an error signal, provides the receiver with full detail regarding the next frame of a sequence. In some instances, however, the motion displacement data is inaccurate for portions of the next image frame. In those instances, the method and apparatus determine whether filtering of a portion of the motion compensated image provides a lower error energy for the resulting prediction of the image. If a lower error energy can be achieved by low-pass filtering, the data regarding the additional processing of the motion compensated reconstructed image is transmitted to the receiver.

摘要翻译： 用于编码和发送图像帧序列的方法和装置采用运动位移测量来产生运动补偿图像。 运动补偿图像与错误信号一起为接收器提供关于序列的下一帧的全部细节。 然而，在一些情况下，运动位移数据对于下一图像帧的部分是不准确的。 在这些情况下，该方法和装置确定对运动补偿图像的一部分的滤波是否为图像的最终预测提供较低的误差能量。 如果通过低通滤波可以实现较低的误差能量，则关于运动补偿重建图像的附加处理的数据被发送到接收机。

公开(公告)号：US20070239967A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-11

申请号：US11727640

申请日：2007-03-27

申请人： William Dally ,  W. Hays ,  Robert Gelinas ,  Sol Katzman ,  Sam Rosen ,  Staffan Ericsson

发明人： William Dally ,  W. Hays ,  Robert Gelinas ,  Sol Katzman ,  Sam Rosen ,  Staffan Ericsson

IPC分类号： G06F15/76

CPC分类号： G06F7/5443 ,  G06F9/30014 ,  G06F9/30036 ,  G06F9/3017 ,  G06F9/30174 ,  G06F9/3836 ,  G06F9/3857 ,  G06F9/3885 ,  G06F9/3893 ,  G06F2207/3884

摘要： A DSP superscalar architecture employing dual multiply accumulate pipelines. Dual MAC pipelines allow for a seamless transition between established RISC instruction sets and extended DSP instructions sets. Relocatable opcodes are provide to allow further extensions of RISC instruction sets. The DSP superscalar architecture also provides memory pointers with hardware circular buffer support, an interruptible and nested zero-overhead loop counter, and prioritized low overhead interrupts.

摘要翻译： 采用双乘积累管道的DSP超标量架构。 双MAC管道允许在已建立的RISC指令集和扩展DSP指令集之间进行无缝转换。 提供可重定位的操作码，以便进一步扩展RISC指令集。 DSP超标量架构还提供具有硬件循环缓冲区支持的内存指针，可中断和嵌套的零开销循环计数器以及优先级低的开销中断。

公开(公告)号：US06480541B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-12

申请号：US09177406

申请日：1998-10-23

申请人： Bernd Girod ,  Staffan Ericsson ,  Yuriy A. Resnik ,  Nikolaus Färber

发明人： Bernd Girod ,  Staffan Ericsson ,  Yuriy A. Resnik ,  Nikolaus Färber

IPC分类号： A04B166

CPC分类号： H04N9/8042 ,  H04N19/105 ,  H04N19/12 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/187 ,  H04N19/39 ,  H04N19/51 ,  H04N19/59 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N21/23424 ,  H04N21/23439 ,  H04N21/2662 ,  H04N21/6379 ,  H04N21/64769

摘要： A method for generating a digital motion video sequence at a plurality of bit rates uses a transitional coding source when switching between bitstreams having different bit rates during transmission of a video sequence. The transitional data may be frames coded using reconstructed frames reconstructed for a first bitstream using the characteristics of the second bitstream. These “low bit rate insert frames,” or LBIFs, contain the image characteristics of a signal coded at the lower bit rate. With a bitstream having a higher bit rate being periodically coded using an LBIF, a point of image continuity between the two bitstreams is provided. Thus, switching from one bitstream to the other at this point in the video sequence minimizes the production of artifacts caused by differences in bit rate. In another embodiment of the invention, a separate set of transitional data is created, taking the form of “switch” frames, or S-frames. The S-frames are typically the difference between a frame of a first bitstream and a frame of a second bitstream. These frames are inserted into the decoded bitstream during the transition from one bitstream to the other, and compensate for any visual artifacts that might otherwise occur due to the difference in bit rate of the two bitstreams.

摘要翻译： 用于在多个比特率下生成数字运动视频序列的方法在视频序列的传输期间切换具有不同比特率的比特流时使用过渡编码源。 过渡数据可以是使用第二比特流的特征对使用针对第一比特流重建的重构帧进行编码的帧。 这些“低比特率插入帧”或LBIF包含以较低比特率编码的信号的图像特征。 利用具有较高比特率的比特流，使用LBIF周期性地编码，提供两个比特流之间的图像连续性点。 因此，在视频序列中的这一点上，从一个比特流切换到另一个比特流使得由比特率差异引起的伪像的产生最小化。 在本发明的另一实施例中，以“切换”帧或S帧的形式创建单独的一组过渡数据。 S帧通常是第一比特流的帧和第二比特流的帧之间的差。 在从一个比特流到另一比特流的转换期间，这些帧被插入解码的比特流中，并且补偿由于两个比特流的比特率的差异而可能出现的任何视觉伪像。

公开(公告)号：US06112219A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-29

申请号：US125590

申请日：1993-09-23

申请人： Bernd Girod ,  Staffan Ericsson

发明人： Bernd Girod ,  Staffan Ericsson

IPC分类号： G06F1/035 ,  G06F17/14

CPC分类号： G06F17/147 ,  G06F1/0356

摘要： A method is provided for performing a fast Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and a fast Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform (IDCT) in a software implementation. The method provided exploits symmetries found in both the DCT and IDCT. As a result of the symmetries found in the DCT and IDCT, both transforms may be performed using a combination of look-up tables and butterfly operations, thus employing only a small number of additions and subtractions and no multiplications. Furthermore, there is provided an aspect of the present invention which exploits the excess precision available in current central processing units (CPUs) relative to the precision required by the DCT and IDCT calculations.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于在软件实现中执行快速离散余弦变换（DCT）和快速逆离散余弦变换（IDCT）的方法。 所提供的方法利用了DCT和IDCT中的对称性。 作为在DCT和IDCT中发现的对称性的结果，可以使用查找表和蝶形运算的组合来执行两个变换，因此仅使用少量的加法和减法而不进行乘法运算。 此外，提供了本发明的一个方面，其利用了当前中央处理单元（CPU）中可用于与DCT和IDCT计算所需的精度相关的多余精度。