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公开(公告)号：US06710557B1
公开(公告)日：2004-03-23
申请号：US10049352
申请日：2002-02-05
IPC分类号： H01J2510
摘要： An accelerator comprises a plurality of accelerating cells arranged to convey a beam, adjacent cells being linked by a coupling cell, the coupling cells being arranged to dictate the ratio of electric field in the respective adjacent accelerating cells, at least one coupling cell being switchable between a positive ratio and a negative ratio. Such an accelerator in effect inserts a phase change into the E field by imposing a negative ratio, meaning that the beam will meet a reversed electric field in subsequent cells and will in fact be decelerated. As a result, the beam can be developed and bunched in early cells while accelerating to and/or at relativistic energies, and then bled of energy in later cells to bring the beam energy down to (say) between 100 and 300 KeV. Energies of this magnitude are comparable to diagnostic X-rays, where much higher contrast of bony structures exists. Hence the accelerator can be used to take kilovoltage portal images.
摘要翻译： 加速器包括多个加速单元，其被布置成传送波束，相邻单元由耦合单元链接，所述耦合单元布置成指示相应相邻加速单元中的电场的比率，至少一个耦合单元可在 正比率和负比率。 这样的加速器实际上通过施加负比率将相位插入到E场中，这意味着光束将在随后的单元中遇到反向的电场，并且实际上将被减速。 结果，可以在加速到和/或相对论能量的同时在早期的单元中显影和聚束光束，然后在稍后的单元中排出能量，以将光束能量降低到（例如）100和300KeV之间。 这种量级的能量与诊断X射线相当，骨骼结构的对比度高得多。 因此，加速器可用于采取千伏门户图像。
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公开(公告)号：US06376990B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-23
申请号：US09529757
申请日：2000-04-18
IPC分类号： H01J2510
摘要： This device allows the variation of the coupling between two points in an RF circuit in a very simple way while maintaining the RF phase relationship and varying the relative magnitude of the RF fields. The device is characterized by a simple mechanical control of coupling value, that has negligible effect on the phase shift across the device. This is achieved by the simple rotation of the polarisation of a TE111 mode inside a cylindrical cavity. Such a device does not contain resistive elements, and the sliding mechanical surfaces are free from high RF currents. This device finds an application in standing wave linear accelerators, where it is desirable to vary the relative RF field in one set of cavities with respect to another, in order that the accelerator can operate successfully over a wide range of energies.
摘要翻译： 该装置允许以非常简单的方式在RF电路中的两个点之间的耦合的变化，同时保持RF相位关系并改变RF场的相对幅度。 该器件的特征在于耦合值的简单机械控制，对于跨器件的相移具有可忽略的影响。 这通过在圆柱形腔内的TE111模式的极化的简单旋转来实现。 这种装置不包含电阻元件，并且滑动机械表面没有高RF电流。 该装置在驻波线性加速器中发现了一种应用，其中期望相对于另一组空腔改变相对RF场，以便加速器能够在宽范围的能量范围内成功地运行。
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公开(公告)号：US4409486A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-11
申请号：US268457
申请日：1981-05-29
申请人： Terence Bates
发明人： Terence Bates
CPC分类号： G21K1/08
摘要： A system for achromatically deflecting a beam of charged particles without producing net divergence of the beam comprises three successive magnetic deflection means (A,B,C) which deflect the beam alternately in opposite directions, the first (A) and second (B) by angles of less than 50.degree. and the third (C) by an angle of at least 90.degree.; particles with different respective energies are transversely spaced as they enter the third deflection means (C), but emerge completely superimposed in both position and direction, and may be brought to a focus (F) in each of two mutually perpendicular planes a short distance thereafter. Such a system may be particularly compact, especially in the direction in which the beam leaves the system, and is suitable for deflecting a beam of electrons from a linear accelerator (5,6,7) so as to produce a vertical beam of electrons (or with an X-ray target, of X-rays) which can be rotated about a horizontal patient for radiation therapy.
摘要翻译： 用于使带电粒子束变色偏转而不产生光束净偏差的系统包括三个连续的磁偏转装置（A，B，C），它们以相反的方向交替地偏转光束，第一（A）和第二（B）由 角度小于50°，第三（C）角度至少为90°; 具有不同相应能量的颗粒在它们进入第三偏转装置（C）时横向间隔开，但在位置和方向上完全叠加，并且可以在两个相互垂直的平面中的每一个中稍后距离聚焦（F） 。 这种系统可能特别紧凑，特别是在光束离开系统的方向上，并且适合于偏转来自线性加速器（5,6,7）的电子束，以产生垂直的电子束（ 或X射线靶，X射线），其可围绕水平患者旋转以进行放射治疗。
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公开(公告)号：US06642678B1
公开(公告)日：2003-11-04
申请号：US10049426
申请日：2002-02-05
IPC分类号： H05H900
摘要： A standing wave linear accelerator has a plurality of resonant cavities located along a particle beam axis. One or more pairs of resonant cavities are electromagnetically coupled via a coupling cavity. A rotationally asymmetric element within the coupling cavity is adapted to rotate about an axis that is substantially parallel to the axis of the coupling cavity. The coupling cavity is imperfectly symmetric about its axis due to a relative excess of material disposed within the cavity in the portion opposed to the apertures. Rotation of the polarization of a TE111 mode inside the cylindrical cavity provided a simple single mechanical control of coupling value, that has negligible effect on the phase shift across the device. A slight frequency dependence on the angle of rotation is correctable by a relative excess of material located opposite the apertures between the coupling cavity and the accelerating cavities.
摘要翻译： 驻波直线加速器具有沿着粒子束轴定位的多个谐振腔。 一对或多对谐振腔通过耦合腔电磁耦合。 耦合空腔内的旋转非对称元件适于围绕基本上平行于耦合腔的轴线的轴线旋转。 由于在与孔相对的部分中设置在腔内的材料的相对过量，耦合空腔的轴线不完全对称。 在圆柱形腔内旋转TE111模式的极化提供了耦合值的简单单一机械控制，对整个装置的相移影响可以忽略不计。 通过与耦合腔和加速腔之间的孔相对定位的相对过量的材料可以校正对旋转角度的轻微的频率依赖性。
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公开(公告)号：US5751781A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-12
申请号：US726287
申请日：1996-10-04
CPC分类号： A61N5/1042 , A61N5/01
摘要： A treatment source (4) such as a radiation source, is attached to the inner surface 50a of a drum 50, which drum 50 is mounted to a support (3) so as to be rotatable with respect to the support (3) about a central axis (R) displaced from the treatment source (4). The source provides a treatment beam (X) having a treatment beam axis (TB) extending through the rotation axis (R). A patient support (6) for receiving a patient (2) to locate a target treatment area (6) on the treatment beam axis (TB) is housed at least partially within the passageway defined by the inner surface 50a. The overall size of the apparatus is thus reduced. A preferred treatment technique, to which the apparatus may be adapted, is also described.
摘要翻译： 诸如辐射源的处理源（4）附接到滚筒50的内表面50a，鼓50安装到支撑件（3）上，以相对于支撑件（3）围绕一个 中心轴线（R）从处理源（4）移位。 源提供具有延伸穿过旋转轴线（R）的治疗束轴（TB）的治疗束（X）。 用于接收患者（2）以在治疗束轴（TB）上定位目标治疗区域（6）的患者支架（6）至少部分地容纳在由内表面50a限定的通道内。 因此，装置的总体尺寸减小。 还描述了可以适应该装置的优选的处理技术。
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