公开(公告)号：US20080281692A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-13

申请号：US11747104

申请日：2007-05-10

Applicant: Junbo Zhang ,  Tony Ying-Kin Yip ,  Jacky Xugang Wang ,  Jason Zhiqing Hong ,  Shu Zhang

Inventor： Junbo Zhang ,  Tony Ying-Kin Yip ,  Jacky Xugang Wang ,  Jason Zhiqing Hong ,  Shu Zhang

IPC: G06Q30/00 ,  G06Q90/00

CPC classification number: G06Q30/02 ,  G06Q20/10 ,  G06Q30/0214 ,  G06Q30/0225 ,  G06Q30/0228 ,  G06Q30/0239

Abstract: Systems and methods establish a virtual points clearinghouse. The clearinghouse redeems heterogeneous digital micro-payments-such as bonus points received from various points issuers-across diverse service providers. Points meant for exclusive redemption at one service provider may be directly redeemed for non-corresponding goods of a different service provider. In one implementation, the clearinghouse includes contracts between points issuers, service providers, and a clearinghouse, including intervening conversion rates. A user interface enables a user to manage multiple point balances from a computing device, cell phone, or other mobile device. The user interface enables the user to find diverse goods and to directly obtain the goods by redeeming diverse heterogeneous points. The clearinghouse includes an invoicing engine to enable money flow between users, points issuers, service providers, and the clearinghouse.

Abstract translation: 系统和方法建立虚拟点交换所。 票据交换所兑换异构数字微支付，例如从不同点发行人收到的奖励积分 - 跨不同服务提供商。 在一个服务提供商处用于独家兑换的积分可以直接兑换为不同服务提供商的非对应商品。 在一个实施中，票据交换所包括点发行者，服务提供者和票据交换所之间的合同，包括中介转换率。 用户界面使用户能够管理来自计算设备，蜂窝电话或其他移动设备的多个点余额。 用户界面使用户能够找到不同的商品，并通过赎回不同的异质点来直接获取商品。 票据交换所包括一个发票引擎，用于在用户，点发行者，服务提供商和票据交换中心之间实现货币流动。

公开(公告)号：US09951406B2

公开(公告)日：2018-04-24

申请号：US14940199

申请日：2015-11-13

Applicant: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY ,  Tony Ying

Inventor： Eric A. Lass ,  Mark R. Stoudt ,  Carelyn Campbell ,  Tsineng Tony Ying

IPC: C22F1/08 ,  B22D21/02 ,  C22C9/04 ,  C22C1/02

CPC classification number: C22F1/08 ,  C22C1/02 ,  C22C9/04

Abstract: A primary alloy includes: nickel; copper; zinc; an electrical conductivity from 5.2% International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS) to 5.6% IACS measured in accordance with ASTM E1004-09 (2009); and a disordered crystalline phase wherein atoms of the nickel, cooper, and zinc are randomly arranged in the disordered crystalline phase at room temperature in a post-annealed state. A process for making the primary alloy includes heating a secondary alloy to a first temperature that is greater than or equal to an annealing temperature to form an annealing alloy, the secondary alloy including a secondary phase; and quenching, by cooling the annealing alloy from the first temperature to a second temperature that is less than the annealing temperature, under a condition effective to form the primary alloy including the disordered crystalline phase, wherein the disordered crystalline phase is different than the secondary phase of the secondary alloy.

公开(公告)号：US20160068940A1

公开(公告)日：2016-03-10

申请号：US14940199

申请日：2015-11-13

Applicant: TONY YING ,  NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： ERIC A. LASS ,  MARK R. STOUDT ,  CARELYN CAMPBELL ,  TONY YING

IPC: C22F1/08 ,  B22D21/02 ,  C22C9/04

CPC classification number: C22F1/08 ,  C22C1/02 ,  C22C9/04

Abstract: A primary alloy includes: nickel; copper; zinc; an electrical conductivity from 5.2% International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS) to 5.6% IACS measured in accordance with ASTM E1004-09 (2009); and a disordered crystalline phase wherein atoms of the nickel, cooper, and zinc are randomly arranged in the disordered crystalline phase at room temperature in a post-annealed state. A process for making the primary alloy includes heating a secondary alloy to a first temperature that is greater than or equal to an annealing temperature to form an annealing alloy, the secondary alloy including a secondary phase; and quenching, by cooling the annealing alloy from the first temperature to a second temperature that is less than the annealing temperature, under a condition effective to form the primary alloy including the disordered crystalline phase, wherein the disordered crystalline phase is different than the secondary phase of the secondary alloy.

Abstract translation: 主要合金包括：镍; 铜; 锌 根据ASTM E1004-09（2009）测量的电导率为5.2％国际退火铜标准（IACS）至5.6％IACS; 以及无规结晶相，其中镍，铜和锌的原子在后退火状态下在室温下随机排列在无序结晶相中。 制造该初级合金的方法包括将二次合金加热到大于或等于退火温度的第一温度以形成退火合金，所述二次合金包括第二相; 在有效形成包含无序结晶相的一次合金的条件下，将退火合金从第一温度冷却至小于退火温度的第二温度，淬火，其中无序结晶相不同于第二相 的二次合金。