摘要:
The present invention relates to an electrolyte membrane including a graft polymer having a sulfonic acid group as a proton conductive group, in which, when the electrolyte membrane is divided into four equal parts in a thickness direction thereof, a content of the sulfonic acid group in each of outer regions is larger than a content of the sulfonic acid group in each of inner regions; in which A1, A2, B1 and B2 satisfy the following formula: 1.5≦(A1+A2)/(B1+B2)≦8, in which A1 and A2 each represent a maximum value of a distribution amount of the sulfonic acid group in each of the two outer regions, and B1 and B2 each represent an average value of a maximum value and a minimum value of a distribution amount of the sulfonic acid group in each of the two inner regions; and in which the electrolyte membrane has an ion-exchange capacity of 0.5 to 2 meq/g.
摘要:
A solid polymer electrolyte membrane is used to stably generate electricity under non-humidified conditions or conditions with a relative humidity of 50% or less at an operating temperature of 100° C. to 300° C. for a long period of time. A method of producing the same and a fuel cell including the solid polymer electrolyte membrane are also provided. The solid polymer electrolyte membrane comprises a component A comprising at least a basic polymer such as polybenzimidazoles, polybenzoxazoles, and polybenzthiazoles, a component B comprising at least a basic polymer such as a porous polyolefin resin grafted by a vinyl monomer, a porous fluorinated polyolefin resin grafted by a vinyl monomer, and a porous polyimide resin grafted by a vinyl monomer, and a component C comprising at least an inorganic acid such as a sulfuric acid, a phosphoric acid, and a condensed phosphoric acid.
摘要:
A polymer electrolyte membrane for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, that overcomes disadvantages of the conventional polymer ion-exchange membranes including fluorine-based polymer electrolyte membranes and can maintain cell characteristics even in use over a long period of time (e.g., several thousand hours). The polymer electrolyte membrane comprises a fluorine polymer substrate having grafted thereon monomers having sulfone groups as a cation-exchange group, wherein a main chain of the graft chain comprises a hydrocarbon or a partially fluorinated hydrocarbon, and sulfone groups or substituents having sulfone groups are bonded as a side chain, and wherein in element compositional ratio by ESCA, at least one surface of the polymer electrolyte membrane has O/S value of 5.0 or higher, and a surface element proportion of S is 0.4-5.0%.
摘要:
In a method of resin-encapsulating a semiconductor chip using a polytetrafluoroethylene film as the mold-releasing film, a polytetrafluoroethylene film F wherein the thermal shrinkage percentages thereof in both the longitudinal direction and the width direction are 5% or lower, the difference of the thermal shrinkage percentages is within 3%, and the ratio of the elastic modulus of the longitudinal direction to the elastic modulus of the width direction is from 0.5 to 2.0 during resin encapsulating is used. By using the mold-releasing film, resin encapsulating can be carried out with an excellent yield while preventing the occurrence of resin covering of the terminals or the top surfaces of the post electrodes.
摘要:
A suction sheet (1) to be attached onto a suction surface (4a) of a suction apparatus (4) that holds an object by vacuum suction is provided with a substrate (2) and a porous body (3). The substrate (2) has one surface (2a) and the other surface (2b), and the one surface (2a) is brought into contact with the suction surface (4a). Further, a plurality of through holes (21) are provided in the substrate (2). The porous body (3) has a thickness of 1.4 mm or less, and is adhered onto the other surface (2b) of the substrate (2) so as to cover the through holes (21).
摘要:
Polymer ion-exchange membranes having outstanding electrical conductivity, water retention and oxidation resistance are produced by the steps of uniformly mixing an organic high-molecular weight resin with functional inorganics having the abilities to promote graft polymerization of polymerizable monomers, adsorb water and conduct protons, irradiating the resulting functional inorganics/polymer membrane to initiate graft polymerization or graft copolymerization of polymerizable monomers having functional groups, and then introducing sulfonic acid groups into the graft chains.
摘要:
The improved electrolyte membrane which is produced by grafting a styrenic monomer and bis(vinylphenyl)ethane as monomers to a polymer substrate and then introducing sulfonic acid groups into the graft side chains formed has improved oxidation resistance and good adhesion to electrodes. The polymer substrate is preferably made of a fluorocarbon polymer or an olefinic polymer. The styrenic monomer is preferably one or more species selected from the group consisting of styrene, α-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, and trifluorostyrene.
摘要:
Provided is a sliding member having excellent adhesion and slidability suitable for use as a transfer pad in an image forming apparatus. A sliding member (10) includes a porous body (1) that is a sintered body of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles and having a surface of the porous body (1) as a sliding surface (5). The sliding surface (5) has a particle occupation ratio of 50% or less, and a surface roughness Ra of 2.0 μm or less. The sliding member (10) can be obtained by heating the porous body obtained by cutting the sintered body of UHMWPE particles to make the sliding surface (5) smoother than before the heating.
摘要:
In the method for allowing a work object (15) to be sucked onto a suction unit (14) and the method for manufacturing a ceramic capacitor according to the present invention, a resin sheet (11) that has air permeability in a thickness direction is used as a suction sheet. In the resin sheet (11), air permeability is more enhanced than that of a conventional resin sheet while the diameter (opening diameter) of holes for ensuring air permeability serving as air passages is kept small. The resin sheet (11) is a non-porous sheet in which two or more through holes extending in a thickness direction of the non-porous sheet are formed. The through holes are straight holes extending linearly through the resin sheet. The through holes have a diameter of 20 μm or less. The resin sheet has an air permeance, in the thickness direction, of 10 seconds/100 mL or less in terms of Gurley number measured in accordance with JIS P8117. In each method according to the present invention, the resin sheet (11) is disposed on a suction face of the suction unit (14).
摘要:
Polymer ion-exchange membranes having outstanding electrical conductivity, water retention and oxidation resistance are produced by the steps of uniformly mixing an organic high-molecular weight resin with functional inorganics having the abilities to promote graft polymerization of polymerizable monomers, adsorb water and conduct protons, irradiating the resulting functional inorganics/polymer membrane to initiate graft polymerization or graft copolymerization of polymerizable monomers having functional groups, and then introducing sulfonic acid groups into the graft chains.