Abstract:
LINEAR, FIBER-FORMING POLYESTERS OF REDUCED COLOR AND RESISTANT TO YELLOWING CAUSED BY ACTINIC OR THERMAL DEGRADATION OR PREPARED BY PROVIDING A SMALL BUT EFFECTIVE AMOUNT OF CERTAIN ARYL PHOSPHINIC ACIDS OR SALTS THEREOF IN THE POLYESTER.
Abstract:
DIRECT ESTERIFICATION OF TEREPHTHALIC ACID AND AN ALKYLENE GLYCOL IS EXPEDITED BY FORMING A FINE DISPERSION OF THE INGREDIENTS AIDED BY A DISPERSING AND WETTING AGENT. THE ESTERIFICATION REACTION CAN BE CARRIED OUT IN THE PRESENCE OF A SMALL QUANTITY OF A SOLVENT WHICH CAUSES SUCCESSIVE QUANTITIES OF ACID TO ENTER THE LIQUID PHASE AND TO REACT TO FORM MOLTEN ESTERS WHICH THEN INCREASE THE TOTAL QUANTITY OF LIQUID PHASE PRESENT IN THE MIXTURE. THE PROCESS ENABLES THE ESTERIFICATION REACTION TO BE CARRIED OUT PRACTICALLY AT ATOMOSPHERIC PRESSURE OR TO BE CARRIED OUT AT SUPER ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE IN A SHORTER TIME SPAN THAN IS THE CASE IN ESTERFICATION PROCESSES HERETOFORE AVAILABLE.
Abstract:
A PROCESS FOR THE DIRECT ESTERIFICATION OF TEREPHTHALIC ACID WITH AN ALKYLENE GLYCOL WHICH COMPRISES ESTERIFYING TEREPHTHALIC ACID WITH AN ALKYLENE GLYCOL CONTAINING 2 TO ABOUT 10 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE UNDER DIRECT ESTRIFICATION CONDITIONS IN THE PRESENCE OF AN AMOUNT OF UREA OR AN ALKYL UREA SUFFICIENT TO SUPPRESS THE FORMATION OF ALIPHATIC ETHER GROUPS.
Abstract:
The esterification of a polycarboxylic acid with a polyol is described under conditions of direct esterification and wherein the reacting mass is a flowable, uniform dispersion of (1) a paste of the said polycarboxylic acid and the said polyol, and (2) at least 3 parts by weight per part paste of a partially esterified product of said polycarboxylic acid with said polyol.
Abstract:
A HIGH MOLEUCULAR WEIGHT LINEAR CONDENSATION POLYESTER IS PREPARED FROM A POLYCARBOXYLIC ACID AND A POLYOL BY (A) ESTERIFYING SAID POLYCARBOXYLIC ACID WITH SAID POLYOL BY SUBJECTING TO CONDITIONS OF DIRECT ESTERIFICATION A FLOWABLE, UNIFORM DISPERSION COMPRISED OF (1) A PASTE OF THE SAID POLYCARBOXYLIC ACID AND THE SAID POLYOL, AND (2) AT LEAST 3 PARTS BY WEIGHT PER PART PASTE OF A PARTIALLY ESTERIFIED PRODUCT OF SAID POLYCARBOXYLIC ACID WITH SAID POLYOL, AND THENCE (B) FURTHER ESTERIFYING AND POLYCONDENSING THE ESTERIFICATION PRODUCT OF STEP (A) UNTIL THERE IS OBTAINED AN IMPROVED POLYESTER OF THE DESIRED MOLECULAR WEIGHT.
Abstract:
A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF COLORLESS, LINEAR HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT FILM AND FIBER-FORMING POLYALKYLENE TEREPHTHALATES EITHER BY DIRECT ESTERIFICATION OR ESTERINTERCHANGE OF TEREPHTHALIC ACID AND/OR THE LOWER ALKYL ESTERS THEREOF WITH A GLYCOL HAVING 2 TO 10 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE TO OBTAIN THE CORRESPONDING DIGLYCOL-ESTER INTERMEDIATE AND THEN CONDENSING SAID INTERMEDIATE IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYTIC AMOUNT OF A LEAST ONE TRIVALENT ANTIMONY SALT OF A HIGHER ALIPHATIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACID HAVING AT LEAST 12 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE.
Abstract:
A PROCESS FOR THE DIRECT ESTERIFICATION OF TEREPHTHALIC ACID WITH AN ALKYLENE GLYCOL WHICH COMPRISES ESTERIFYING TEREPHTHALIC ACID WITH AN ALKYLENE GLYCOL CONTAINING 2 TO ABOUT 10 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE UNDER DIRECT ESTERIFICATION CONDITIONS IN THE PRESENCE OF AN AMOUNT OF GUANIDINE OR AN ALKYL GUANIDINE SUFFICIENT TO SUPPRESS THE FORMATIONS OF ALIPHATIC ETHER GROUPS.