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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6111405A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US118596
申请日：1998-07-17
CPC分类号： G01N33/20
摘要： In a nondestructive method of quantitatively evaluating a degree of plasticity of ferromagnetic materials, a magnetic field of a surface of a ferromagnetic test body is measured using a magnetic sensor, and the surface of the ferromagnetic test body is partitioned into regions corresponding to domains of the ferromagnetic test body. A difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of a magnetic signal corresponding to the magnetic field for each of the domains is calculated as a spatial difference amount. A distribution width of the spatial difference amounts and an amount of residual strain corresponding to an amount of plastic deformation of the ferromagnetic test body is measured. A correlation between the distribution width of the spatial difference amounts and the amount of residual strain is calculated. A degree of plasticity of the ferromagnetic test body in calculated in accordance with the correlation.
摘要翻译： 在定量评价铁磁材料的可塑性程度的非破坏性方法中，使用磁传感器测量铁磁测试体的表面的磁场，将铁磁测试体的表面划分为对应于 铁磁测试体。 将与各磁畴对应的磁场的磁信号的最大值和最小值的差分计算为空间差量。 测量空间差异量的分布宽度和对应于铁磁性测试体的塑性变形量的残余应变量。 计算空间差分量的分布宽度与残余应变量之间的相关性。 铁磁测试体的可塑度按照相关性计算。
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公开(公告)号：US5834938A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-10
申请号：US699894
申请日：1996-08-16
申请人： Akikazu Odawara , Kazuo Chinone , Satoshi Nakayama
发明人： Akikazu Odawara , Kazuo Chinone , Satoshi Nakayama
CPC分类号： G01R33/035 , Y10S505/846
摘要： To provide a nondestructive inspection apparatus with a reduced distance between a superconducting magnetic sensor and an object under inspection, a cryostat for cooling the sensor to a superconducting state is provided with inner and outer vessels. The inner vessel has a baseplate on which the magnetic sensor is disposed, and has an inner wall defining a central chamber for containing a refrigerant for cooling the magnetic sensor. The outer vessel has an inner wall defining a central chamber for containing the inner vessel, the magnetic sensor and the stage. A gap between the inner and outer vessels is evacuated to insulate the inner chamber from the ambient atmosphere. To facilitate ease of transferring an object to and from the stage for inspection, a load lock area is provided adjoining the outer vessel. The load lock has a movable inner wall portion opening to the inner chamber of the outer vessel and a movable outer wall portion opening to the ambient atmosphere so as to permit the transfer of an object to be inspected to and from the stage.
摘要翻译： 为了提供在超导磁传感器和被检查物体之间的距离减小的非破坏性检查装置，用于将传感器冷却到超导状态的低温恒温器设置有内部和外部容器。 内部容器具有基板，磁性传感器设置在基板上，并且具有限定用于容纳用于冷却磁性传感器的制冷剂的中央室的内壁。 外部容器具有限定用于容纳内部容器，磁性传感器和级的中心室的内壁。 内部和外部容器之间的间隙被排空以将内部室与环境大气隔离。 为了便于将物体传送到台面进行检查，提供了与外部容器邻接的装载锁定区域。 负载锁具有通向外部容器的内部室的可移动的内壁部分，以及通向大气环境的可移动的外壁部分，以便允许将待检查物体从工作台传出。
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公开(公告)号：US5825182A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-20
申请号：US325813
申请日：1994-10-19
IPC分类号： G01N27/82 , G01N27/83 , G01R33/035 , G01N27/87
CPC分类号： G01R33/0358 , G01N27/82
摘要： In order to enhance the sensitivity of a nondestructive testing system, a pair of superconducting coils are disposed in the same plane such that a current flowing through the respective coils when exposed to a uniform magnetic field cancels out. As a result of this configuration, the detection coils are immune to noise, offset fields or other uniform ambient phenomena. In one embodiment, the nondestructive testing unit includes a plurality of detection coils, a SQUID having a pair of connectors for connection to the detection coils, a probe for supporting the detection coils and the SQUID in a coolant, a cryostat for supporting the probe and for keeping the coolant constant, a controller for processing a signal transmitted from the SQUID, and a display device for displaying the result of the processing. At least two detection coils are disposed in the same plane, are directly connected to the SQUID and are integrated on a semiconductor substrate.
摘要翻译： 为了提高无损检测系统的灵敏度，将一对超导线圈设置在同一平面上，使得暴露于均匀磁场时流过各线圈的电流抵消。 作为这种配置的结果，检测线圈不受噪声，偏移场或其他均匀的环境现象的影响。 在一个实施例中，非破坏性测试单元包括多个检测线圈，SQUID具有用于连接到检测线圈的一对连接器，用于支撑检测线圈的探针和冷却剂中的SQUID，用于支撑探针的低温恒温器， 为了保持冷却剂不变，用于处理从SQUID发送的信号的控制器以及用于显示处理结果的显示装置。 至少两个检测线圈被布置在同一平面中，直接连接到SQUID并被集成在半导体衬底上。
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4.发明授权Superconducting quantum interference device and non-destructive evaluation apparatus using the same 失效超导量子干涉装置及其使用的非破坏性评价装置
公开(公告)号：US06025713A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-15
申请号：US50791
申请日：1998-03-30
IPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01R33/035 , H01L39/22
CPC分类号： G01R33/0358 , Y10S505/846
摘要： A detecting coil of a SQUID is made of a superconductive film material having a critical temperature higher than a critical temperature of a superconductive film material composing a Josephson junction part. It is possible to measure the sample even when its temperature is higher than the critical temperature of the Josephson junction section by increasing the critical temperature of the detecting coil than that of the Josephson junction section.
摘要翻译： SQUID的检测线圈由超导膜材料制成，其具有高于构成约瑟夫逊结部分的超导膜材料的临界温度的临界温度。 即使其温度高于约瑟夫逊结段的临界温度，也可以通过增加检测线圈的临界温度而不是约瑟夫逊连接部分的临界温度来测量样品。
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5.发明授权Method of detecting plastic deformation in steel using a differential type magnetic field sensor 失效使用差分式磁场传感器检测钢中塑性变形的方法
公开(公告)号：US5982172A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US746794
申请日：1996-11-15
摘要： To provide an effective method of nondestructively and easily judging plasticization of steel used in a real construction. A magnetic sensor 10 is made to scan along the surface of steel to detect a magnetic field caused by a magnetic anisotropy induced by plastic deformation of the steel, and the existence and position of the plasticization is judged from the state of distribution of the magnetic field. As a magnetic sensor, a differential type one comprised of detection coils 10a and 10b, the winding directions of which are opposite to each other, is used to compensate a magnetic field intrinsic to the steel.
摘要翻译： 提供一种非破坏性，轻松判断真实施工中使用的钢材增塑的有效方法。 使磁传感器10沿着钢的表面扫描以检测由钢的塑性变形引起的磁各向异性引起的磁场，并且根据磁场的分布状态来判断塑化的存在和位置 。 作为磁传感器，使用由检测线圈10a和10b组成的差分型，其缠绕方向彼此相对，用于补偿钢内部的磁场。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5854492A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-29
申请号：US739307
申请日：1996-10-29
IPC分类号： G01N27/90 , G01R33/035 , H01L29/06 , H01L31/0256 , H01L39/22
CPC分类号： G01R33/0356 , Y10S505/726 , Y10S505/727 , Y10S505/845 , Y10S505/846
摘要： A nondestructive inspection apparatus having a SQUID is made with compact configuration and is capable of detecting a metallic or non-metallic metal for defects, corrosion, and the like, by forming the SQUID and a magnetic field applying coil on the same substrate. The SQUID comprises two Josephson junctions, a washer coil connected to the Josephson junctions to form a superconducting loop, shunt resistors, a damping resistor, and a feedback modulation coil, all of which are formed from a superconducting thin film on a supporting substrate. A magnetic field applying coil is formed on the same supporting substrate with a superconducting thin film or a normal conducting metal thin film. The magnetic field applying coil, which generally has plural turns around the SQUID, applies a dc or ac magnetic field to a sample. The change in magnetic field caused by a defect in the sample is detected by the washer coil, and the position and size of the defect may thus be determined. Since the magnetic field applying coil is integrated on the same substrate as that on which the SQUID is formed, the apparatus may be made compact.
摘要翻译： 具有SQUID的非破坏性检查装置制成具有紧凑的结构，并且能够通过在同一基板上形成SQUID和磁场施加线圈来检测金属或非金属金属的缺陷，腐蚀等。 SQUID包括两个约瑟夫逊结，一个连接到约瑟夫逊结的清洗线圈，以形成超导回路，分流电阻，阻尼电阻和反馈调制线圈，所有这些都由支撑衬底上的超导薄膜形成。 在具有超导薄膜或普通导电金属薄膜的同一支撑基板上形成磁场施加线圈。 通常围绕SQUID具有多个匝的磁场施加线圈向样品施加直流或交流磁场。 由洗涤器线圈检测由样品中的缺陷引起的磁场变化，从而可以确定缺陷的位置和尺寸。 由于磁场施加线圈集成在与形成SQUID的基板相同的基板上，所以可以使该装置紧凑。
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7.发明授权Apparatus for detecting a fine magnetic field with characteristic testing function of a DC squid 失效用于检测具有DC鱿鱼特征测试功能的精细磁场的装置
公开(公告)号：US5280242A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-18
申请号：US840344
申请日：1992-02-24
IPC分类号： G01R33/035 , H01L39/22
CPC分类号： G01R33/0356 , Y10S505/846
摘要： An apparatus for detecting a fine magnetic field comprises a DC SQUID which detects and converts a magnetic field to an electrical signal. A flux locked looped circuit drives the DC SQUID. The flux locked loop circuit includes an amplifier for amplifying the electrical signal. A phase detector modulates the amplified electrical signal and an integration circuit outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the detected magnetic field. An oscillator coupled to the phase detector supplies a demodulation frequency signal. A modulator including a first voltage-to-current converter and a second voltage-to-current converter is coupled with the integration circuit and the oscillator for supplying a modulation signal to the DC SQUID. The modulator further includes an external input terminal and a feedback modulation change-over circuit for changing an internal feedback signal to an external test signal inputted to the external input terminal. A bias source having a third voltage-to-current converter is coupled to the DC SQUID and supplies a bias signal. The bias source also includes an external input terminal and a change-over circuit for changing an internal bias signal to an external test signal inputted to the second external input terminal. An external output terminal is connected to the amplifier for supplying a monitoring test output signal from the DC SQUID. The apparatus for detecting a fine magnetic field thus provides a self-testing function for the DC SQUID.
摘要翻译： 用于检测精细磁场的装置包括检测并将磁场转换为电信号的DC SQUID。 磁通锁定环路驱动DC SQUID。 磁通锁定环电路包括用于放大电信号的放大器。 相位检测器对放大的电信号进行调制，并且积分电路输出与检测到的磁场相对应的电压信号。 耦合到相位检测器的振荡器提供解调频率信号。 包括第一电压 - 电流转换器和第二电压 - 电流转换器的调制器与用于向DC SQUID提供调制信号的积分电路和振荡器耦合。 调制器还包括外部输入端和反馈调制转换电路，用于将内部反馈信号改变为输入到外部输入端的外部测试信号。 具有第三电压 - 电流转换器的偏置源耦合到DC SQUID并提供偏置信号。 偏置源还包括用于将内部偏置信号改变为输入到第二外部输入端子的外部测试信号的外部输入端子和转换电路。 外部输出端子连接到放大器，用于从DC SQUID提供监测测试输出信号。 因此，用于检测精细磁场的装置为DC SQUID提供自检功能。
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公开(公告)号：US07910888B2
公开(公告)日：2011-03-22
申请号：US12343364
申请日：2008-12-23
IPC分类号： H01L27/18
CPC分类号： G01T1/1606
摘要： Provided is an X-ray analyzer capable of significantly suppressing an influence of an external magnetic field on a transition edge sensor (TES). The X-ray analyzer includes: a TES (7) for detecting energy of a received X-ray as a temperature change and outputting the temperature change as a current signal; a superconducting magnetic shield (8) which contains the TES (7) and enters a superconducting state; and a room temperature magnetic shield (9) which covers the superconducting magnetic shield (8) and performs external magnetic field shielding until the superconducting magnetic shield (8) enters the superconducting state, in which the superconducting magnetic shield (8) and the room temperature magnetic shield (9) are concentrically arranged to have a cylindrical shape.
摘要翻译： 提供能够显着抑制外部磁场对过渡边缘传感器（TES）的影响的X射线分析装置。 X射线分析仪包括：TES（7），用于检测接收到的X射线的能量作为温度变化，并输出温度变化作为电流信号; 包含TES（7）并进入超导状态的超导磁屏蔽（8）; 和覆盖超导磁屏蔽（8）的室温磁屏蔽（9），并执行外部磁场屏蔽，直到超导磁屏蔽（8）进入超导状态，其中超导磁屏蔽（8）和室温 磁屏蔽（9）同心地布置成具有圆柱形形状。
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07589323B2
公开(公告)日：2009-09-15
申请号：US11794288
申请日：2006-01-24
IPC分类号： H01L27/18
摘要： To provide a superconducting X-ray detector capable of carrying out a measurement by a high energy resolution by restraining a reduction in a sensitivity by a self magnetic field. A superconducting X-ray detector comprising a temperature detector 6 for detecting a temperature change by heat generated when an X-ray is absorbed, and a heat link 3 for controlling a heat flow amount of escaping the generated heat to a support board i, wherein the temperature detector 6 comprises a heat conducting multilayer thin film, the superconducting X-ray detector is constituted by a structure of providing a superconductor layer 4 above the heat link 3 and providing an insulating member 2 between the superconductor layer 4 and the temperature detector 6, the superconductor layer 4 and the temperature detector 6 are connected by a superconducting wiring 7 and uses materials by which superconducting transition temperatures of the superconductor layer 4 and the superconducting wiring 7 are higher than a superconducting transition temperature of the temperature detector 6.
摘要翻译： 提供能够通过抑制自磁场的灵敏度降低而能够通过高能量分辨率进行测量的超导X射线检测器。 一种超导X射线检测器，包括：温度检测器6，用于通过吸收X射线时产生的热量来检测温度变化;以及热连接件3，其用于控制将所产生的热量排出到支撑板i上的热流量，其中 温度检测器6包括导热多层薄膜，超导X射线检测器由在超导体层3和温度检测器6之间提供绝热构件2的结构构成， ，超导体层4和温度检测器6通过超导布线7连接，并且使用超导体层4和超导布线7的超导转变温度高于温度检测器6的超导转变温度的材料。
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10.发明申请Superconducting X-ray detection apparatus and superconducting X-ray analyzer using the apparatus 有权超导X射线检测仪和超导X射线分析仪采用该仪器公开(公告)号：US20050184238A1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-25
申请号：US11032801
申请日：2005-01-11
CPC分类号： G01T1/1606
摘要： A superconducting X-ray detection apparatus is provided; wherein a structure is made, where in an end portion of the superconducting X-ray detection apparatus, which comprises a superconducting X-ray detector, low-temperature first-stage amplifier and sensor holder, influence of disturbance noise on output from the detector is minimized, and connection of wiring can be easily made. In addition, a superconducting X-ray analyzer using the apparatus is provided. A stacked structure, in which the superconducting X-ray detector is mounted in a three dimension on the low-temperature first-stage amplifier, is made.
摘要翻译： 提供超导X射线检测装置; 其特征在于，在超导型X射线检测装置的末端部分，包含超导X射线检测器，低温第一级放大器和传感器支架的结构中，扰动噪声对检测器的输出的影响是 最小化，并且可以容易地进行布线的连接。 此外，提供了使用该装置的超导X射线分析仪。 制造了在低温第一级放大器上以三维安装超导X射线检测器的堆叠结构。
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