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    Methodology for managing weakly consistent replicated databases
    3.
    发明授权
    Methodology for managing weakly consistent replicated databases 失效
    用于管理弱一致的复制数据库的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5581754A

    公开(公告)日：1996-12-03

    申请号：US352012

    申请日：1994-12-07

    申请人： Douglas B. Terry ,  Marvin M. Theimer ,  Alan J. Demers ,  Karin Petersen ,  Michael J. Spreitzer ,  Brent B. Welch

    发明人： Douglas B. Terry ,  Marvin M. Theimer ,  Alan J. Demers ,  Karin Petersen ,  Michael J. Spreitzer ,  Brent B. Welch

    IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F17/30 ,  G06F7/20

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30356 ,  G06F17/30377 ,  Y10S707/99938 ,  Y10S707/99939

    摘要： Write operations for weakly consistent replicated database systems have embedded conflict detection and conflict resolution procedures for identifying and resolving, respectively conflicts between such write operations and the current state of any given instance of such a database. These write operations are committed to a firm execution order by the host for one instance of such a database, and this execution order propagates to the other instances of the database. Accordingly, a write log distinguishes between the writes that are known to be committed to a firm execution order (the "tentative writes") is maintained for each instance of the database, thereby enabling the user to explicitly identifying the stable data and the potentially unstable data in any given instance of the database. Furthermore, provision is made for enabling users to select from a set of predefined consistency guarantees across all instances of such a database for any given session.

    摘要翻译： 用于弱一致复制数据库系统的写入操作具有嵌入式冲突检测和冲突解决程序，用于识别和解决这种写入操作与此类数据库的任何给定实例的当前状态之间的冲突。 这些写入操作由主机对这种数据库的一个实例进行强制执行，并且该执行顺序传播到数据库的其他实例。 因此，写入日志区分已知被提交到坚定的执行顺序的写入（“暂时写入”）被维护用于数据库的每个实例，从而使得用户可以明确地识别稳定数据和潜在的不稳定 任何给定的数据库实例中的数据。 此外，还提供了允许用户从任何给定会话的这种数据库的所有实例的一组预定义的一致性保证中进行选择。

    Method for providing session consistency guarantees
    4.
    发明授权
    Method for providing session consistency guarantees 失效
    提供会话一致性保证的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5581753A

    公开(公告)日：1996-12-03

    申请号：US314971

    申请日：1994-09-28

    申请人： Douglas B. Terry ,  Alan J. Demers ,  Karin Petersen ,  Michael J. Spreitzer ,  Marvin M. Theimer ,  Brent B. Welch

    发明人： Douglas B. Terry ,  Alan J. Demers ,  Karin Petersen ,  Michael J. Spreitzer ,  Marvin M. Theimer ,  Brent B. Welch

    IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F11/14 ,  G06F13/00 ,  G06F17/30

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30371 ,  G06F11/1402 ,  Y10S707/99952

    摘要： The present invention provides client-selected consistency guarantees to clients of a weakly consistent replicated database on a per "session" basis. The clients have access to utilities which allow the clients to, individually or collectively, define a "session" over which the selected guarantees are enforced. A "session" is broadly defined as a sequence of logically related Reads and Writes to the database. Sessions are initiated and terminated substantially independently of other sessions which may exist concurrently. Clients are allowed, however, to clone sessions and/or merge sessions with other clients. Clients select a minimum relevant subset of guarantees from among a set of pre-defined consistency guarantees, where "relevancy" is a client determined factor. At any given time, the system may be enforcing a number of different combinations of consistency guarantees. The guarantees ensure that all clients participating in a particular session view the database as having certain conditions of data consistency--the consistency of which is only provided with respect to the participants' Read and Write requests. Clients are allowed to downgrade their selected guarantees during the course of their sessions. One implementation of the present invention permits the selection of any one of four consistency guarantees.

    摘要翻译： 本发明在每个“会话”的基础上向弱一致的复制数据库的客户端提供客户选择的一致性保证。 客户可以访问实用程序，这些实用程序允许客户单独或集体定义执行所选保证的“会话”。 “会话”被广泛地定义为数据库的逻辑相关的读取和写入序列。 会话的启动和终止基本上独立于可能同时存在的其他会话。 但是，允许客户端克隆会话和/或与其他客户端合并会话。 客户从一组预定义的一致性保证中选择最小相关的担保子集，其中“相关性”是客户确定的因素。 在任何给定的时间，系统可能会执行许多不一致性保证的组合。 保证确保参与特定会话的所有客户都将数据库视为具有某些数据一致性的条件 - 其一致性仅针对参与者的读取和写入请求提供。 允许客户在会议过程中降级其选定的担保。 本发明的一个实现允许选择四个一致性保证中的任何一个。

    Selective delivery of electronic messages in a multiple computer system based on context and environment of a user
    6.
    发明授权
    Selective delivery of electronic messages in a multiple computer system based on context and environment of a user 失效
    基于用户的上下文和环境在多计算机系统中选择性地传递电子消息

    公开(公告)号：US5493692A

    公开(公告)日：1996-02-20

    申请号：US162419

    申请日：1993-12-03

    申请人： Marvin M. Theimer ,  Michael J. Spreitzer ,  Mark D. Weiser ,  Richard J. Goldstein ,  Douglas B. Terry ,  William N. Schilit ,  Roy Want

    发明人： Marvin M. Theimer ,  Michael J. Spreitzer ,  Mark D. Weiser ,  Richard J. Goldstein ,  Douglas B. Terry ,  William N. Schilit ,  Roy Want

    IPC分类号： G06Q10/10 ,  H04L12/58 ,  H04W8/18 ,  H04L9/32 ,  G06F7/04 ,  G08B5/22

    CPC分类号： H04L51/26 ,  G06Q10/107 ,  H04L51/20 ,  H04W8/18

    摘要： The present invention describes a method for selectively delivering electronic messages to an identified user or users in a system of mobile and fixed devices, including multiple display devices and multiple users, based on the context of the system and the environment of the identified user. Electronic messages intended for an identified user or users may be given a level of privacy and a level priority, and contextual attributes for its delivery may be specified. The system perceives contextual attributes for the recipient user or users, including display devices in close proximity to the identified users, and determines a display property for said electronic message based on the contextual attributes, the user profile properties of each user, and the level of privacy and level of priority of the electronic message. The display property may designate immediate delivery on a particular display device, a notification on a particular display device, or storage of the message until the contextual attributes of the recipient user is consistent with the specified contextual attributes of the electronic message.

    摘要翻译： 本发明描述了一种用于基于所识别的用户的系统和环境的上下文，向包括多个显示设备和多个用户在内的移动和固定设备的系统中的识别的用户或用户选择性地递送电子消息的方法。 可以给予用于识别的用户或用户的电子消息一级隐私和级别优先级，并且可以指定用于其传送的上下文属性。 系统感知收件人用户或用户的上下文属性，包括与所识别的用户非常接近的显示设备，并且基于上下文属性，每个用户的用户简档属性以及每个用户的级别来确定所述电子消息的显示属性 隐私和电子信息的优先级。 显示属性可以指定在特定显示设备上的即时传送，特定显示设备上的通知或消息的存储，直到接收者用户的上下文属性与电子消息的指定上下文属性一致。