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    Method and circuit for improving the pointer processing in synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) transmission frames
    1.
    发明授权
    Method and circuit for improving the pointer processing in synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) transmission frames 失效
    用于改进同步数字体系（SDH）传输帧中指针处理的方法和电路

    公开(公告)号：US06683890B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-01-27

    申请号：US09432279

    申请日：1999-11-02

    申请人： Alessandra Rossi ,  Alberto Lometti ,  Luca Razzetti ,  Giovanni Traverso ,  Alberto Bellato ,  Sergio Cabrini ,  Claudio Girardi

    发明人： Alessandra Rossi ,  Alberto Lometti ,  Luca Razzetti ,  Giovanni Traverso ,  Alberto Bellato ,  Sergio Cabrini ,  Claudio Girardi

    IPC分类号： G01R3108

    CPC分类号： H04J3/0623

    摘要： A method and circuit are described for improving the pointer processing in the case of synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) or synchronous optical network (SONET) transmission frames with VC4_4c, VC4_16c and VC4_64c concatenated payloads. The technique proposed by the existing Standards provides for two different state diagrams to be used in the pointer processing algorithm. One state diagram is used in the case of a concatenated payload and the other state diagram is used in the case of a non-concatenated payload. However, no solution is disclosed for automatically going from the states of one diagram to the states of the other diagram. The present invention provides a circuit so constructed that it can be used in an apparatus processing STM-4, STM-16 and STM-64 frames, through which the automatic recognition of the VC4-4c, VC4-16c and VC4-64c payload concatenation can be achieved. Therefore, it is not necessary to configure in advance the concatenation or non-concatenation condition.

    摘要翻译： 描述了在具有VC4_4c，VC4_16c和VC4_64c级联有效载荷的同步数字层级（SDH）或同步光网络（SONET）传输帧的情况下改进指针处理的方法和电路。 现有标准提出的技术提供了在指针处理算法中使用的两种不同状态图。 在连接的有效载荷的情况下使用一个状态图，而在非并置有效载荷的情况下使用另一个状态图。 然而，没有公开用于自动从一个图的状态到另一个图的状态的解决方案。 本发明提供了一种如此构造的电路，其可用于STM-4，STM-16和STM-64帧的装置处理，通过该电路自动识别VC4-4c，VC4-16c和VC4-64c有效负载级联 可以实现。 因此，不需要预先配置级联或非级联条件。

    COMPOSITIONS IN POWDER FORM MADE OF SOFT AGGLOMERATES OF A MICRONIZED DRUG AND OF A TWO-COMPONENTS EXCIPIENT, AND PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION
    3.
    发明申请
    COMPOSITIONS IN POWDER FORM MADE OF SOFT AGGLOMERATES OF A MICRONIZED DRUG AND OF A TWO-COMPONENTS EXCIPIENT, AND PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION 审中-公开
    一种微量药物和两种组分的软组合粉末形式的组合物及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US20100233276A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-09-16

    申请号：US12734300

    申请日：2007-10-26

    申请人： Renata Raffin ,  Paolo Colombo ,  Fabio Sonvico ,  Gaia Colombo ,  Alessandra Rossi ,  Francesca Buttini

    发明人： Renata Raffin ,  Paolo Colombo ,  Fabio Sonvico ,  Gaia Colombo ,  Alessandra Rossi ,  Francesca Buttini

    IPC分类号： A61K9/14 ,  A61K9/50 ,  A61K9/58 ,  A61K9/60 ,  A61K9/62 ,  A61K9/64

    CPC分类号： A61K9/1617 ,  A61K9/1623

    摘要： The described agglomeration of drug microparticles blended with excipient microparticles is a technique for the size enlargement of micronized products that could be damaged by granulation or compaction techniques. These agglomerates can be used as oral prompt or delayed-release dosage forms administered as they are or dispersed in a liquid. The composition and quantity of the excipient microparticles resulted to be the crucial factors for the agglomerate quality. Therefore, adjusting the content of surface-active agent between 8-20%, of the excipient microparticles it is possible to agglomerate microparticles of drugs that could not be agglomerated per se. Increasing the surfactant concentration in the spray-dried excipient microparticles or increasing the fraction of these excipient microparticles in the blend, the agglomeration was improved. The spray drying technique concentrates the surface-active agent on the microparticle surface. By tumbling, the surface-active agent present on microparticles excipient surface was spread to fill the inter-particle interstices of drug particles giving rise to more resistant agglomerates. This phenomenon occurred also by vibration; the production in this case was quicker.

    摘要翻译： 与赋形剂微粒混合的药物微粒的所述团聚是用于通过造粒或压实技术损坏的微粉化产品的尺寸增大的技术。 这些附聚物可以作为口服或缓释剂型使用，或者分散在液体中。 赋形剂微粒的组成和数量是聚集质量的关键因素。 因此，调整表面活性剂的含量在8〜20％之间，赋形剂微粒可能聚集本身不能团聚的药物微粒。 增加喷雾干燥的赋形剂微粒中的表面活性剂浓度或增加共混物中这些赋形剂微粒的分数，聚集得到改善。 喷雾干燥技术将表面活性剂浓缩在微粒表面上。 通过翻滚，存在于微粒赋形剂表面上的表面活性剂被扩散以填充药物颗粒的颗粒间隙，从而产生更多的抗凝结物质。 这种现象也是由振动引起的。 在这种情况下的生产更快。