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公开(公告)号：US4384488A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-24
申请号：US257784
申请日：1981-04-27
申请人： Andreas Scheidweiler
发明人： Andreas Scheidweiler
IPC分类号： G01N27/64 , G08B17/10 , G08B17/113 , G01D11/24
CPC分类号： G08B17/10 , G08B17/113
摘要： A smoke detector containing at least one smoke measuring chamber which possesses a mounting or socket plate having an upper surface intended to be mounted at the ceiling of a room or other appropriate area to be monitored and a housing enclosing the smoke measuring chamber and suspendingly secured at the socket plate. The housing possesses openings for the entry of the ambient air into the smoke measuring chamber. The smoke detector comprises a manually adjustable device by means of which it is possible to change the air entry openings in a manner such that the smoke detector can be accommodated to different environmental or ambient conditions, especially those containing different quantities of dust and other contaminants.
摘要翻译： 一种烟雾探测器，其包含至少一个烟雾测量室，其具有安装或插座板，该安装或插座板具有旨在安装在要监视的房间或其他适当区域的天花板上的上表面，以及封闭烟雾测量室并悬挂固定在 插座板。 壳体具有用于将环境空气进入烟雾测量室的开口。 烟雾探测器包括可手动调节的装置，通过这种装置，可以以这样的方式改变空气进入口，使得烟雾探测器能够被适应于不同的环境或环境条件，特别是那些含有不同数量的灰尘和其它污染物的烟雾探测器。
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公开(公告)号：US4582996A
公开(公告)日：1986-04-15
申请号：US476992
申请日：1983-03-21
IPC分类号： G01N27/64 , G08B17/10 , G08B17/113 , H01B17/32
CPC分类号： G08B17/113
摘要： Due to aging of the insulating materials arranged between the electrodes in ionization fire alarms or detectors the insulating efficiency of these thus formed so-called insulating paths or spans deteriorates in the course of time despite, or maybe even due to the cleaning operations performed upon such ionization fire alarms. To ensure that the insulating capacity does not fall below a critical value the insulating path or span is formed by at least two different insulating materials. The materials are arranged in such a manner that the creepage path between the electrodes extends across all the different insulating materials. This principle also may be applied to other measuring devices which require a high input resistance of an amplifier stage.
摘要翻译： 由于在电离火灾报警器或检测器中布置在电极之间的绝缘材料的老化，因此形成的所谓绝缘路径或跨度的绝缘效率在时间过程中恶化，尽管或者甚至由于在这种情况下执行的清洁操作 电离火灾报警器。 为了确保绝缘容量不低于临界值，绝缘路径或跨度由至少两种不同的绝缘材料形成。 这些材料以这样的方式布置，即电极之间的爬电路径延伸穿过所有不同的绝缘材料。 该原理也可以应用于需要放大器级的高输入电阻的其它测量装置。
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公开(公告)号：USRE30117E
公开(公告)日：1979-10-16
申请号：US877561
申请日：1978-02-13
申请人： Andreas Scheidweiler , Otto Meier
发明人： Andreas Scheidweiler , Otto Meier
IPC分类号： G08B17/11
CPC分类号： G08B17/11
摘要： To render an ionization-type sensing element essentially immune to changes in ambient conditions, principally temperature or operating voltage, while still using low-current draining circuits to sense response of the ionization chamber of the sensor, the threshold response level of a field effect transistor (FET) is arranged to have approximately the same temperature response characteristic, within the range of ambient temperature considered, as the ionization cell so that the overall circuit or system combination of the cell and FET amplifier will have a response which is essentially independent of ambient temperature or similar conditions. The source path of the FET is connected to a voltage divider which is so dimensioned that the voltage division ratio (R.sub.2 /R.sub.1) is related to the temperature coefficient (.alpha.) of the base-emitter voltage of the FET and the temperature coefficient (.beta.) of the measuring ionization cell chamber:R.sub.2 /R.sub.1 =(.beta./.alpha.)-1.
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公开(公告)号：US4757303A
公开(公告)日：1988-07-12
申请号：US057161
申请日：1987-06-01
申请人： Andreas Scheidweiler
发明人： Andreas Scheidweiler
摘要： In an alarm system with a number of alarm devices such as fire intrusion alarm devices connected to a signal center, upper and a lower thresholds are defined in the alarm devices, with the inactive value of the sensor output signal located between the threshold limits. The alarm devices transmit one of three indication signals to the signal center depending on whether an alarm sensor output is above an upper limit, below a lower limit or between the upper and lower limits, with these alarm state signals being produced by threshold detectors. Also, it is possible to adjust the two threshold limits of the alarms to compensate for changing ambient conditions over extended periods of time. When the sensor output signal reaches one of the upper or lower thresholds both the upper and lower threshold limits either move up or down, respectively, so that the sensor output signal is once again located between the upper and lower threshold limits. The signal center receives the outputs of the threshold detectors and differentiates between five different states, namely the alarm states "normal," "warning," "alarm," "maintenance" and "malfunction", on the basis of the frequency and the type of these signals.
摘要翻译： 在具有连接到信号中心的诸如火灾入侵报警装置的报警装置的报警系统中，在报警装置中定义了上限和下限阈值，传感器输出信号的无效值位于阈值限制之间。 报警装置根据报警传感器输出是否高于上限，低于下限或上限和下限之间，将三个指示信号中的一个发送到信号中心，这些报警状态信号由阈值检测器产生。 此外，可以调整报警的两个阈值极限，以补偿长时间内变化的环境条件。 当传感器输出信号达到上限或下限阈值之一时，上限阈值和下限阈值分别向上或向下移动，以便传感器输出信号再次位于上限阈值和下限阈值之间。 信号中心接收阈值检测器的输出，根据频率和类型区分五种不同状态，即报警状态“正常”，“警告”，“报警”，“维护”和“故障” 的这些信号。
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公开(公告)号：US4568924A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-04
申请号：US660076
申请日：1984-10-12
CPC分类号： G08B29/185 , G08B29/24
摘要： In the apparatus for signalling an alarm, for example, in a gas or fire detecting installation, a detector is reset after a first response and the time duration until the next-following detector response is determined and classified with respect to three classes of time periods. When the time duration until the further detector response is beyond a predetermined upper or outer time limit, no alarm signal is released and the apparatus returns into its original state. When the further detector response occurs between two time limits, the alarm is immediately signalled. When the further detector response occurs prior to a lower one of the two time limits, there is carried out still one further test during which the detector is once again reset. The alarm signal will only be released if an additional further detector response is still observed prior to the upper time limit. In this manner the reliability of alarm signalling can be enhanced and the frequency of the occurrence of false alarms, particularly due to the occurrence of short-time or brief spurious conditions, can be significantly reduced.
摘要翻译： 在用于发出警报的装置中，例如在气体或火灾检测装置中，在第一响应之后复位检测器，并且确定下一个检测器响应的持续时间，并且相对于三个等级的时间段被分类 。 当进一步的检测器响应的持续时间超过预定的上限或超出时间限制时，不会释放报警信号，并且装置返回其初始状态。 当进一步的检测器响应发生在两个时间限制之间时，立即发出报警信号。 当进一步的检测器响应发生在两个时间限制中的较低的一个之前时，仍然进行另外一个进一步的测试，在此期间检测器再次复位。 如果在更高的时间限制之前仍然观察到额外的另外的检测器响应，则报警信号将被释放。 以这种方式，可以提高警报信号的可靠性，并且可以显着地减少特别是由于发生短时间或短暂的杂散条件而发生假警报的频率。
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公开(公告)号：US4475390A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-09
申请号：US476996
申请日：1983-03-21
申请人： Andreas Scheidweiler
发明人： Andreas Scheidweiler
IPC分类号： G01N27/64 , G08B17/10 , G08B17/113 , G01D11/24
CPC分类号： G08B17/10 , G08B17/113
摘要： A smoke detector containing at least one smoke measuring chamber which possesses a mounting or socket plate having an upper surface intended to be mounted at the ceiling of a room or other appropriate area to be monitored and a housing enclosing the smoke measuring chamber and suspendingly secured at the socket plate. The housing possesses openings for the entry of the ambient air into the smoke measuring chamber. The smoke detector comprises a manually adjustable device by means of which it is possible to change the air entry opening in a manner such that the smoke detector can be accommodated to different environmental or ambient conditions, especially those containing different quantities of dust and other contaminants. A hood ring member, movably supported at the inside of a sleeve member of the smoke detector, can be selectively displaced in order to change the air entry openings.
摘要翻译： 一种烟雾探测器，其包含至少一个烟雾测量室，其具有安装或插座板，该安装或插座板具有旨在安装在要监视的房间或其他适当区域的天花板上的上表面，以及封闭烟雾测量室并悬挂固定在 插座板。 壳体具有用于将环境空气进入烟雾测量室的开口。 烟雾探测器包括可手动调节的装置，通过该装置可以以使得烟雾探测器可以适应不同的环境或环境条件，特别是含有不同数量的灰尘和其它污染物的那些条件来改变进气口。 可以选择性地移动可移动地支撑在烟雾探测器的套筒构件内部的罩环构件，以便改变空气入口。
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公开(公告)号：US4037106A
公开(公告)日：1977-07-19
申请号：US699333
申请日：1976-06-24
申请人： Andreas Scheidweiler , Otto Meier
发明人： Andreas Scheidweiler , Otto Meier
CPC分类号： G08B17/11
摘要： To render an ionization-type sensing element essentially immune to changes in ambient conditions, principally temperature or operating voltage, while still using low-current draining circuits to sense response of the ionization chamber of the sensor, the threshold response level of a field effect transistor (FET) is arranged to have approximately the same temperature response characteristic, within the range of ambient temperature considered, as the ionization cell so that the overall circuit or system combination of the cell and FET amplifier will have a response which is essentially independent of ambient temperature or similar conditions. The source path of the FET is connected to a voltage divider which is so dimensioned that the voltage division ratio (R.sub.2 /R.sub.1) is related to the temperature coefficient (.alpha.) of the base-emitter voltage of the FET and the temperature coefficient (.beta.) of the measuring ionization cell chamber:R.sub.2 /R.sub.1 = (.beta./.alpha.) - 1.
摘要翻译： 为了使电离型感测元件基本上免受环境条件的变化，主要是温度或工作电压，同时仍然使用低电流消耗电路来感测传感器的电离室的响应，场效应晶体管的阈值响应电平 （FET）被布置为在所考虑的环境温度的范围内具有大致相同的温度响应特性，作为电离单元，使得电池和FET放大器的整体电路或系统组合将具有基本上与环境无关的响应 温度或类似条件。 FET的源极连接到分压器，其尺寸使得分压比（R2 / R1）与FET的基极 - 发射极电压的温度系数（α）和温度系数（β ）测量电离室：
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公开(公告)号：US4612534A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-16
申请号：US494966
申请日：1983-04-19
CPC分类号： G08B29/24 , G08B26/005
摘要： Measuring stations or locations are connected in cascade to signal lines and transmit measured or measuring values to a central signal station at which the measured values are linked or appropriately processed so as to obtain distinct malfunction or alarm signals. Upon activation of the monitoring system all measuring stations are disconnected by a change in voltage appearing on the signal line. Then, the measuring stations are reconnected to the signal line in a timewise staggered fashion by means of switching elements present at each measuring station in such a manner that each measuring station additionally reconnects a subsequent measuring station to the line voltage after a predetermined time-delay. Address storages are present at the measuring stations and are charged or occupied in a predetermined sequence by the central signal station with addresses associated with the individual measuring stations. The address storages are thereafter locked prior to the time that the next following measuring station at the same signal line is connected to the signal voltage by the switching element.
摘要翻译： 测量站或位置级联连接到信号线，并将测量值或测量值传输到中心信号站，在这个中心信号站处测量值被链接或适当处理，以获得明显的故障或报警信号。 在启动监控系统后，所有测量站都会因信号线上出现的电压变化而断开。 然后，测量站以时间交错的方式通过存在于每个测量站处的开关元件以这样的方式重新连接到信号线，使得每个测量站在预定的时间延迟之后另外将后续的测量站重新连接到线路电压 。 地址存储器存在于测量站处，并且由具有与各个测量站相关联的地址的中央信号站以预定的顺序充电或占用。 之后，在同一信号线的下一个后续测量站通过开关元件连接到信号电压的时间之前，地址存储器被锁定。
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公开(公告)号：US4364031A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-14
申请号：US198807
申请日：1980-10-20
申请人： Andreas Scheidweiler , Peter Muller
发明人： Andreas Scheidweiler , Peter Muller
CPC分类号： G08B17/11
摘要： An ionization smoke detector containing at least one ionization chamber operated at an extra low voltage or potential. The ionization chamber contains a sensor employing a measuring electrode and a counter electrode. Ambient air has practically free access to the ionization chamber and there are provided one or more radioactive sources for generating ions, a supply voltage source and an electrical circuit for triggering an alarm. The smoke detector possesses increased operational reliability since circuit elements are provided which enable signal reporting to a central station by means of a low-voltage of about 200 volts, however the sensor is operated at an extra low voltage.
摘要翻译： 一种电离烟雾探测器，其包含至少一个以超低电压或电位工作的电离室。 电离室包含采用测量电极和对电极的传感器。 环境空气几乎可以自由地进入电离室，并且提供一个或多个用于产生离子的放射源，一个电源电压源和用于触发警报的电路。 烟雾探测器具有增加的操作可靠性，因为提供了电路元件，其使得能够通过约200伏特的低电压向中心站报告信号，然而传感器以超低电压工作。
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公开(公告)号：US4168497A
公开(公告)日：1979-09-18
申请号：US870752
申请日：1978-01-19
申请人： Andreas Scheidweiler
发明人： Andreas Scheidweiler
IPC分类号： G08B17/10 , G08B17/113
CPC分类号： G08B17/10 , G08B17/113
摘要： At least two sensors are used, providing electrical output signals to indicate alarm conditions, one of the sensors being a bipolar ion sensor having a shielded ion chamber formed to slow or brake atmospheric currents therethrough, and a second sensor which operates essentially in unipolar mode having an ion chamber freely accessible to atmospheric flow therethrough.
摘要翻译： 使用至少两个传感器，提供电输出信号以指示报警状况，其中一个传感器是双极离子传感器，其具有被形成以减缓或制动大气电流的屏蔽离子室，以及基本上以单极模式操作的第二传感器， 离子室可自由通过其中的大气流动。
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