摘要:
A light transmitting element such as a scintillating element (50) or an optic fiber (50′) has side surfaces coated with a metamaterial (62) which has an index of refraction less than 1 and preferably close to zero to light transmitted in the light transmitting element. A photonic crystal (80) or metamaterial layer optically couples a light output face of the light transmitting element with a light sensitive element (52), such as a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM). A thin metal layer (64) blocks optical communication between adjacent scintillating elements (50) in a radiation detector (22), such as a radiation detector of a nuclear imaging system (10).
摘要:
An apparatus (208) includes a plurality of photosensors (310). Photon trigger signals produced in response to signals from the sensors are received by a trigger line network that includes segment (302), intermediate (304), and master (306) lines. The trigger network is configured to reduce a temporal skew introduced by the trigger line network. Validation logic (324) provides a trigger validation output signal (610).
摘要:
A family of photodetectors includes at least first and second members. In one embodiment, the family includes members having different pixel sizes. In another, the family includes members having the same pixel size. The detection efficiency of the detectors is optimized to provide a desired energy resolution at one or more energies of interest.
摘要:
A light transmitting element such as a scintillating element (50) or an optic fiber (50′) has side surfaces coated with a metamaterial (62) which has an index of refraction less than 1 and preferably close to zero to light transmitted in the light transmitting element. A photonic crystal (80) or metamaterial layer optically couples a light output face of the light transmitting element with a light sensitive element (52), such as a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM). A thin metal layer (64) blocks optical communication between adjacent scintillating elements (50) in a radiation detector (22), such as a radiation detector of a nuclear imaging system (10).
摘要:
A family of photodetectors includes at least first and second members. In one embodiment, the family includes members having different pixel sizes. In another, the family includes members having the same pixel size. The detection efficiency of the detectors is optimized to provide a desired energy resolution at one or more energies of interest.
摘要:
A positron emission tomography apparatus (100) includes a plurality of radiation sensitive detector systems (106) and selective trigger systems (120). The selective trigger systems identify detector signals resulting from detected gamma radiation (310) while disregarding spurious detector signals (310). In one implementation, the apparatus (100) includes a time to digital converter which decomposes a measurement time interval (Tmax) according to a binary hierarchical decomposition of level H, where H is an integer greater than equal to one.
摘要:
An apparatus (208) includes a plurality of photosensors (310). Photon trigger signals produced in response to signals from the sensors are received by a trigger line network that includes segment (302), intermediate (304), and master (306) lines. The trigger network is configured to reduce a temporal skew introduced by the trigger line network. Validation logic (324) provides a trigger validation output signal (610).
摘要:
When designing detector arrays for diagnostic imaging devices, such as PET or SPECT devices, a virtual detector, or pixel, combines scintillator crystals (10, 20, 40) with photodetectors (12) in ratios that deviate from the conventional 1:1 ratio. For instance, multiple photodetectors can be glued to a single crystal to create a virtual pixel (10, 20, 40) which can be software-based or hardware-based. Light energy and time stamp information for a gamma ray hit on the crystal can be calculated using a virtualizer processor or using a trigger line network and time-to-digital converter logic. Additionally or alternatively, multiple crystals (54) can be associated with each of a plurality of photodetectors (52). A gamma ray hit on a specific crystal is then determined by a table lookup of adjacent photodetectors (52) that register equal light intensities, and the crystal (54) common to such photodetectors (52) is identified as the location of the hit.
摘要:
An apparatus includes a plurality of photosensors. Photon trigger signals produced in response to signals from the sensors are received by a trigger line network that includes segment, intermediate), and master lines. The trigger network is configured to reduce a temporal skew introduced by the trigger line network. Validation logic provides a trigger validation output signal.
摘要:
A positron emission tomography apparatus (100) includes a plurality of radiation sensitive detector systems (106) and selective trigger systems (120). The selective trigger systems identify detector signals resulting from detected gamma radiation (310) while disregarding spurious detector signals (310). In one implementation, the apparatus (100) includes a time to digital converter which decomposes a measurement time interval (Tmax) according to a binary hierarchical decomposition of level H, where H is an integer greater than equal to one.