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公开(公告)号：US20090012189A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-08
申请号：US12097267
申请日：2006-12-14
CPC分类号： B01J35/023 , B01J8/22 , B01J19/2485 , B01J23/462 , B01J23/745 , B01J23/75 , B01J23/8472 , B01J23/8892 , B01J23/89 , B01J35/008 , B01J35/04 , B01J35/10 , B01J37/0221 , B01J2208/00672 , C07C1/0425 , C10G2/342
摘要： The invention relates to a catalyst body comprising a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst or catalyst precursor and a porous body, said porous body being between 1-50 mm, preferably 1-30 mm in size, the catalyst body having an internal voidage between 50-95%. The invention further relates to a process comprising the steps of: (i) introducing the synthesis gas into the reactor; and (ii) contacting the synthesis gas with a non-stationary catalyst to catalytically convert the synthesis gas at an elevated temperature to obtain the normally gaseous, normally liquid, and optionally normally solid hydrocarbons from synthesis gas; wherein the catalyst of step (ii) is located on a plurality of porous bodies being 1-50 mm in size, preferably 1-30 mm in size, thus forming catalyst bodies, and wherein said catalyst bodies have an external voidage in situ in the reactor between 5-60%, and a porosity within the catalyst bodies between 50-95%. Use of catalyst bodies according to the invention provides an advantageous intermediate balance whereby such catalyst bodies are significantly easier (and therefore less costly) to separate from the products of the slurry reactor, but they are still able to be supported by the slurry, and are therefore still movable within the reactor vessel so as to seek the most even catalytic transfer and heat transfer, but without being fixed.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及包含费 - 托催化剂或催化剂前体和多孔体的催化剂体，所述多孔体的尺寸为1-50mm，优选为1-30mm，催化剂体的内部空隙率在50-95 ％。 本发明还涉及一种方法，其包括以下步骤：（i）将合成气引入反应器; 和（ii）使合成气与非固定催化剂接触以在升高的温度下催化转化合成气，以从合成气中获得通常为气态的，通常为液体的和任选的通常为固体的烃; 其中步骤（ii）的催化剂位于多个多孔体上，尺寸为1-50mm，优选为1-30mm，从而形成催化剂体，并且其中所述催化剂体在 反应器在5-60％之间，催化剂体内的孔隙率在50-95％之间。 根据本发明的催化剂体的使用提供了有利的中间平衡，其中这样的催化剂体与浆料反应器的产物分离显着更容易（因此成本更低），但它们仍然能够被浆料支撑，并且是 因此仍然可以在反应堆容器内移动，以便寻求最均匀的催化转移和热传递，但不固定。
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公开(公告)号：US08246915B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-21
申请号：US10587433
申请日：2005-01-27
CPC分类号： B01J35/023 , B01J8/1836 , B01J8/22 , B01J23/75 , B01J23/8472 , B01J23/8892 , B01J2208/00132 , C10G2/332 , C10G2/333 , C10G2/342 , F28D7/005 , F28D7/1669 , F28F2280/02
摘要： Disclosed is a removable cooling module (1), for use in a reactor (20) for carrying out an exothermic reaction, comprising a coolant feed tube (2); a distribution chamber (4); a plurality of circulation tubes (5); and a collection chamber (6); said coolant feed tube (2) having at its first end an inlet (3), for charging the coolant module (1) with coolant, and communicating with said distribution chamber (4) at its second end; each of said circulation tubes (5) communicating with the distribution chamber (4) through a first end and communicating with said collection chamber (6) through a second end; the collection chamber (6) having an outlet for discharging coolant. The modular nature of the invention facilitates removal of individual cooling module (1) from a reactor shell (21).
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于进行放热反应的反应器（20）中的可移除冷却模块（1），包括冷却剂供给管（2）; 分配室（4）; 多个循环管（5）; 和收集室（6）; 所述冷却剂供给管（2）在其第一端具有入口（3），用于将冷却剂模块（1）用冷却剂充电，并在其第二端与所述分配室（4）连通; 每个所述循环管（5）通过第一端与分配室（4）连通并通过第二端与所述收集室（6）连通; 收集室（6）具有用于排出冷却剂的出口。 本发明的模块化特征有助于将单个冷却模块（1）从反应器壳体（21）中移除。
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公开(公告)号：US07448601B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-11
申请号：US10591780
申请日：2005-03-07
IPC分类号： B01F3/04
CPC分类号： B01J8/22 , B01J8/1818 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00548 , C10G2/331 , C10G2/342 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/06 , C10G2400/08 , C10G2400/10 , Y10T137/0329
摘要： A sparger system (10) for a reactor (21) includes a feed pipe arrangement for feeding reactants to the spargers on the floor of the reactor, via a distribution system disposed above the spargers. The outlets (12) of the spargers are typically oriented towards the floor or parallel to it in order to eject gas or other reactants across the floor. This reduces settling of catalyst on the floor of the reactor, which improves mixing of the slurry and reduces the problems associated with uncontrolled reactions.
摘要翻译： 用于反应器（21）的分布器系统（10）包括供料管装置，用于通过设置在喷射器上方的分配系统将反应物供给到反应器地板上的喷洒器。 喷射器的出口（12）通常朝向地板或与其平行，以便将气体或其它反应物喷射穿过地板。 这减少了催化剂在反应器底部的沉降，这改善了浆料的混合并且减少了与不受控制的反应相关的问题。
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公开(公告)号：US20080118018A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-22
申请号：US11792764
申请日：2005-12-08
IPC分类号： G21C1/01
摘要： A reactor tube apparatus for a gas and liquid reactor, particularly for use in a Fischer-Tropsch process is disclosed. The apparatus comprises modified reactor tubes for use with a gas cap. Preferred embodiments of the reactor tubes have a slit or aperture which allows a limited amount of liquid to enter the reactor tube before the liquid level reaches the rim of the reactor tube. Thus liquid enters the reactor tubes more gradually which reduces surges of liquid and provides a more consistent dissipation of heat within the reactor tubes.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于气体和液体反应器的反应器管装置，特别是用于费 - 托法。 该装置包括用于气帽的改性反应器管。 反应器管的优选实施例具有狭缝或孔，其允许有限量的液体在液面达到反应器管的边缘之前进入反应器管。 因此，液体进一步逐渐进入反应器管道，减少了液体的浪涌，并提供了反应器管内热量的更一致的消散。
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公开(公告)号：US09149781B2
公开(公告)日：2015-10-06
申请号：US12969223
申请日：2010-12-15
CPC分类号： C10G2/33 , B01J8/065 , B01J8/067 , B01J2208/00212 , C10G2/34 , C10G2/341 , Y02P20/582
摘要： The invention relates to a reactor for carrying out an exothermic process comprising a reactor shell, inlets for introducing reactants and coolant into the reactor shell, outlets for removing product and coolant from the reactor shell, at least two reactor tubes, a coolant chamber, and a gas distribution system below the coolant chamber, whereby at least two reactor tubes extend through the coolant chamber to enable fluid communication between the space below the coolant chamber and the space above the coolant chamber, said reactor comprising one or more highly porous catalysts, said catalyst(s) having a size of at least 1 mm and comprising a porous body and a catalyst material, whereby the porous body has a porosity within the range of between 50 and 98 volume %.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于进行放热过程的反应器，其包括反应器壳体，用于将反应物和冷却剂引入反应器壳体的入口，用于从反应器壳体除去产物和冷却剂的出口，至少两个反应器管，冷却剂室和 在冷却剂室下方的气体分配系统，由此至少两个反应器管延伸穿过冷却剂室以使冷却剂室下面的空间与冷却剂室上方的空间之间的流体连通，所述反应器包括一个或多个高度多孔的催化剂，所述 催化剂的尺寸为至少1mm，并且包含多孔体和催化剂材料，由此多孔体的孔隙率在50至98体积％的范围内。
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公开(公告)号：US07776933B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-17
申请号：US11664487
申请日：2005-10-04
申请人： Frederik Willem Hendrik Gimpel , Gerardus Petrus Lambertus Niesen , Franciscus Johannes Maria Schrauwen
发明人： Frederik Willem Hendrik Gimpel , Gerardus Petrus Lambertus Niesen , Franciscus Johannes Maria Schrauwen
IPC分类号： C07C27/00
CPC分类号： C10G2/32 , B01J19/2495 , B01J35/04 , C10G2/332
摘要： A process for the synthesis of hydrocarbons in a three phase reactor comprising the steps of: (i) introducing synthesis gas into the reactor; (ii) causing the synthesis gas to be contacted with a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst; and (iii) removing products from the reactor, wherein step (i) comprises introducing some or all of the synthesis gas into the reactor at or near the bottom of the reactor; and step (ii) comprises contacting the synthesis gas with a catalyst structure immobilised within the reactor, wherein the catalyst structure comprises one or more porous catalyst elements fixable within the reactor, each of said porous catalyst elements being at least 1 cm3, preferably at least 10 cm3, in size and wherein the open volume within each porous catalyst element is at least 60% (with reference to the volume of the porous catalyst elements) and each porous catalyst element includes a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst material.
摘要翻译： 一种在三相反应器中合成烃的方法，包括以下步骤：（i）将合成气引入反应器; （ii）使合成气与费 - 托催化剂接触; 和（iii）从反应器中除去产物，其中步骤（i）包括将一些或全部合成气引入到反应器底部或其附近的反应器中; 步骤（ii）包括使合成气与固定在反应器内的催化剂结构物接触，其中催化剂结构包含可固定在反应器内的一种或多种多孔催化剂元件，每种所述多孔催化剂元素至少为1cm 3，优选至少为 10cm 3，其中每个多孔催化剂元件内的开放体积至少为60％（相对于多孔催化剂元件的体积），并且每个多孔催化剂元件包括费 - 托催化剂材料。
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公开(公告)号：US20100185001A1
公开(公告)日：2010-07-22
申请号：US12689143
申请日：2010-01-18
IPC分类号： C07D301/03 , B01J19/24
CPC分类号： C07D301/04 , B01J8/067 , B01J2208/00212 , B01J2208/00256 , C07D301/10
摘要： The invention provides a process and an apparatus for the production of ethylene oxide from ethylene. Ethylene and oxygen are supplied to reactor tubes, wherein the reactor tubes are held by upper and lower tube sheets in a reactor vessel. The reactor vessel has a separation grid, dividing the reactor vessel into an upstream zone and a downstream zone. Coolant is supplied to the upstream zone from an upper coolant circuit and is removed from the upstream zone to the upper coolant circuit. A portion of coolant is removed as vapour from the upper coolant circuit. Coolant is supplied to the downstream zone from a lower coolant circuit and is removed from the downstream zone to the lower coolant circuit. Additional coolant is added to the lower coolant circuit. There is net flow of coolant through the separation grid from the downstream zone to the upstream zone.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于从乙烯生产环氧乙烷的方法和设备。 将乙烯和氧气供应到反应器管中，其中反应器管由上部和下部管板保持在反应器容器中。 反应器容器具有分离网格，将反应器容器分成上游区和下游区。 冷却剂从上部冷却剂回路供应到上游区域，并从上游区域移除到上部冷却剂回路。 冷却剂的一部分作为蒸汽从上部冷却剂回路中去除。 冷却剂从下部冷却剂回路供应到下游区域，并从下游区域移除到下部冷却剂回路。 额外的冷却剂被添加到下部冷却剂回路中。 通过分离网从下游区到上游区存在冷却剂净流。
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公开(公告)号：US20080167391A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-10
申请号：US11794445
申请日：2005-12-28
CPC分类号： C10G2/331 , B01J8/1818 , B01J8/1827 , B01J8/22 , B01J2208/00132 , C10G2/342
摘要： A reactor for carrying out a chemical reaction in a three phase slurry system, the reactor comprising: (a) a reaction vessel having a freeboard zone and a slurry zone, the slurry zone having a diameter of at least 0.5 m, preferably greater than 1 m, more preferably greater than 2 m, and a height of at least 15 m preferably at least 10 m; (b) a gas inlet means at or near the bottom of the reaction vessel; (c) a gas outlet at or near the top of the reaction vessel; (d) a plurality of vertical pipes within the reaction vessel slurry zone, therefore pipes having a diameter of from about 1 cm to about 200 cm, and a total perimeter of from about 1400 to about 4000 cm/ra2; and optionally (e) a liquid outlet means. The provision of sufficient vertical pipes in a reaction vessel of this size has been found not only to suppress the tendency of preferred gas flow streams through the liquid and the formation of rolling motions at the slurry, but also to reduce and possibly prevent large scale backmixing of the gas phase, and especially the liquid phase, in the reaction vessel.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在三相淤浆系统中进行化学反应的反应器，所述反应器包括：（a）具有干舷区和淤浆区的反应容器，所述淤浆区的直径至少为0.5μm，优选大于1 m，更优选大于2μm，高度至少为15μm，优选至少10μm; （b）位于反应容器底部或附近的气体入口装置; （c）在反应容器顶部或附近的气体出口; （d）反应容器浆料区内的多个垂直管，因此管的直径为约1cm至约200cm，总周长为约1400至约4000cm / ra2; 和（e）液体出口装置。 已经发现在这种尺寸的反应容器中提供足够的垂直管道不仅可以抑制优选的气体流通过液体的趋势和在浆料中形成滚动运动，而且还可以减少并可能防止大规模的回混 的气相，特别是液相。
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