公开(公告)号：US20040055745A1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-25

申请号：US10404408

申请日：2003-04-01

Applicant: Baker Hughes Incorporated

Inventor： Dan Georgi ,  Thomas Kruspe ,  Matthias Meister

IPC: E21B047/00

CPC classification number: G01V3/32 ,  E21B49/00 ,  E21B49/08 ,  E21B49/087 ,  G01N24/081 ,  G01R33/281

Abstract: Formation testing, resistivity and NMR measurements are used concurrently to determine a relative permeability representative of a formation surrounding the borehole. A method and apparatus is provided for accurate determination of the relative permeability for a formation by measuring saturation levels in a region of interest determined from resistivity or NMR readings versus time during formation draw down pressure testing. The method and apparatus determines and effective permeability over time for various saturation levels to determine the relative permeability for the formation at each saturation level and also enables determination of the efficacy of utilizing completion fluids in the formation to increase formation productivity. The method and apparatus enables more accurate determination of effective permeability and the irreducible saturation level. The method and apparatus also provides for determination of whether a pad is sealed properly against a borehole wall and determines if a probe is clogged.

Abstract translation: 同时使用地层测试，电阻率和NMR测量来确定代表钻孔周围地层的相对磁导率。 提供了一种方法和装置，用于通过测量在电阻率或NMR读数相对于在地层抽取压力测试期间的时间确定的感兴趣区域中的饱和水平来精确地确定地层的相对磁导率。 该方法和装置确定各种饱和水平随时间的有效渗透率，以确定在每个饱和水平下地层的相对渗透率，并且还能够确定在地层中利用完井流体以提高地层生产力的功效。 该方法和装置能够更准确地确定有效磁导率和不可约饱和水平。 该方法和装置还提供确定垫是否适当地密封在钻孔壁上并确定探针是否堵塞。

公开(公告)号：US20040026128A1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-12

申请号：US10625838

申请日：2003-07-22

Applicant: Baker Hughes Incorporated

Inventor： Volker Krueger ,  Thomas Kruspe ,  Carsten Freyer ,  Hans Jurgen Faber

IPC: E21B007/08

CPC classification number: E21B7/062 ,  E21B7/068 ,  E21B17/1014 ,  E21B17/20

Abstract: The present invention provides a drilling assembly for drilling deviated wellbores. The drilling assembly includes a drill bit at the lower end of the drilling assembly. A drilling motor provides the rotary power to the drill bit. A bearing assembly of the drilling motor provides lateral and axial support to the drill shaft connected to the drill bit. A steering device is integrated into drilling motor assembly. The steering device contains a plurality of force application members disposed at an outer surface of the drilling motor assembly Each force application member is adapted to move between a normal position and a radially extended position to exert force on the wellbore interior wherein in extended position. A power unit in the housing provides pressurized fluid to the force application members. A control device for independently operating each of the force application members is disposed in the drilling motor assembly. A control circuit or unit independently controls the operation of the control device to independently control each force application member. For short radius drilling, a knuckle joint is disposed uphole of the steering device to provide a bend in the drilling assembly. During drilling of a wellbore, the force application members are operated to adjust the force on the wellbore to drill the wellbore in the desired direction.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种用于钻削偏斜井眼的钻井组件。 钻孔组件包括在钻孔组件的下端的钻头。 钻头电机为钻头提供旋转动力。 钻孔马达的轴承组件为连接到钻头的钻杆提供横向和轴向支撑。 转向装置集成在钻机电机组件中。 转向装置包括设置在钻孔马达组件的外表面处的多个施力构件。每个施力构件适于在正常位置和径向延伸位置之间移动，以在延伸位置上对井眼内部施加力。 外壳中的动力单元向加力构件提供加压流体。 用于独立地操作每个施力部件的控制装置设置在钻井马达组件中。 控制电路或单元独立地控制控制装置的操作以独立地控制每个施力部件。 对于短半径钻孔，转向节接头设置在转向装置的井上，以在钻井组件中提供弯曲。 钻井期间，操作力施加构件以调节井筒上的力以沿期望的方向钻井。

公开(公告)号：US20040262041A1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-30

申请号：US10796256

申请日：2004-03-09

Applicant: Baker Hughes Incorporated

Inventor： Volker Krueger ,  Thomas Kruspe ,  Hans-Juergen Faber ,  Johannes Witte

IPC: E21B047/026

CPC classification number: E21B17/1014 ,  E21B17/1064 ,  E21B47/011 ,  G01V11/005 ,  G01V2210/6163

Abstract: A system for controlling sensor motion during a time-dependent measurement, comprising a drilling assembly having a drill bit at one end and engaged with a drill string extending to a surface location at an opposite end thereof. A sensor is disposed in the drilling assembly for making a measurement of a formation parameter of interest. A non-rotating stabilizer is disposed in the drilling assembly proximate the sensor. The non-rotating stabilizer is adapted to reduce motion of the sensor below a predetermined level during the measurement. In one embodiment the rotational axis of the stabilizer is eccentric with respect to the borehole. In another embodiment, the non-rotating stabilizer has an extendable rib for changing the effective diameter of the stabilizer.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在时间依赖性测量期间控制传感器运动的系统，包括在一端具有钻头并与延伸到其相对端处的表面位置的钻柱接合的钻孔组件。 传感器设置在钻孔组件中，用于测量感兴趣的地层参数。 非旋转稳定器设置在靠近传感器的钻孔组件中。 非旋转稳定器适于在测量期间将传感器的运动降低到预定水平以下。 在一个实施例中，稳定器的旋转轴线相对于钻孔是偏心的。 在另一个实施例中，非旋转稳定器具有用于改变稳定器的有效直径的可延伸肋。

公开(公告)号：US20040089475A1

公开(公告)日：2004-05-13

申请号：US10694554

申请日：2003-10-27

Applicant: Baker Hughes Incorporated

Inventor： Thomas Kruspe ,  Volker Krueger

IPC: E21B025/16

CPC classification number: G01V3/32 ,  E21B33/1243 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B49/008 ,  E21B49/06 ,  E21B49/10 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: An MWD method and apparatus for determining parameters of interest in a formation has a sensor assembly mounted on a slidable sleeve slidably coupled to a longitudinal member, such as a section of drill pipe. When the sensor assembly is held in a non-rotating position, for instance for obtaining the measurements, the longitudinal member is free to rotate and continue drilling the borehole, wherein downhole measurements can be obtained with substantially no sensor movement or vibration. This is particularly useful in making NMR measurements due to their susceptibility to errors due caused by tool vibration. In addition, the substantially non-rotating arrangement of sensors makes it possible to efficiently carry out VSPs, reverse VSPs and looking ahead of the drill bit. A clamping device is used, for instance, to hold the sensor assembly is held in the non-rotating position. The sensor assembly of the present invention can include any of a variety of sensors and/or transmitters for determining a plurality of parameters of interest including, for example, nuclear magnetic resonance measurements.

Abstract translation: 用于确定地层中感兴趣的参数的MWD方法和装置具有安装在可滑动地联接到诸如钻杆的一部分的纵向构件的可滑动套筒上的传感器组件。 当传感器组件保持在非旋转位置时，例如用于获得测量值时，纵向构件自由旋转并继续钻孔，其中可以基本上无传感器运动或振动获得井下测量。 这在进行NMR测量时特别有用，因为它们对刀具振动引起的误差的敏感性。 此外，传感器的基本上不旋转的布置使得可以有效地执行VSP，反向VSP并且向前看钻头。 例如，使用夹紧装置来保持传感器组件保持在非旋转位置。 本发明的传感器组件可以包括用于确定感兴趣的多个参数的各种传感器和/或发射器中的任何一个，包括例如核磁共振测量。

公开(公告)号：US20030001569A1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-02

申请号：US10164917

申请日：2002-06-06

Applicant: Baker Hughes Incorporated

Inventor： Songhua Chen ,  Dan Georgi ,  Thomas Kruspe

IPC: G01V003/00

CPC classification number: G01R33/50 ,  G01V3/32

Abstract: Nuclear magnetic resonance measurement of a medium are made using a tool with a static magnetic field having a gradient. The nuclear spins of the medium are magnetically polarized using the static magnetic field. Data are acquired from at least three sensitive volumes of the medium using an interleaved sequence of pulses at three different non-overlapping frequencies. At each frequency, a number of sub-sequences of a saturation pulse, a recovery pulse and at least one refocusing pulse are used. The saturation times between the saturation pulse and the recovery pulse for the sub-sequences are selected from a distribution of values between a minimum time to a maximum time to enable determination of T1 and T2 spectra over a wide range of values. Repetitions of sub-sequences having the same saturation at one or more frequencies may be carried out with phase alternation of the recovery pulse phases.

Abstract translation: 使用具有梯度的静态磁场的工具制备介质的核磁共振测量。 介质的核自旋使用静磁场进行磁极化。 使用三个不同非重叠频率的交织序列的脉冲从至少三个敏感体积的介质中获取数据。 在每个频率下，使用饱和脉冲，恢复脉冲和至少一个重聚焦脉冲的多个子序列。 从最小时间到最大时间之间的值的分布中选择子序列的饱和脉冲和恢复脉冲之间的饱和时间，以便能够在宽范围的值范围内确定T1和T2光谱。 在一个或多个频率具有相同饱和度的子序列的重复可以在恢复脉冲相位的相位交替的情况下进行。

公开(公告)号：US20020108784A1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-15

申请号：US10119586

申请日：2002-04-10

Applicant: Baker Hughes Incorporated

Inventor： Thomas Kruspe ,  Volker Krueger

IPC: E21B047/026

CPC classification number: G01V3/32 ,  E21B33/1243 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B49/008 ,  E21B49/06 ,  E21B49/10 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: An MWD method and apparatus for determining parameters of interest in a formation has a sensor assembly mounted on a slidable sleeve slidably coupled to a longitudinal member, such as a section of drill pipe. When the sensor assembly is held in a non-rotating position, for instance for obtaining the measurements, the longitudinal member is free to rotate and continue drilling the borehole, wherein downhole measurements can be obtained with substantially no sensor movement or vibration. This is particularly useful in making NMR measurements due to their susceptibility to errors due caused by tool vibration. In addition, the substantially non-rotating arrangement of sensors makes it possible to efficiently carry out VSPs, reverse VSPs and looking ahead of the drill bit. A clamping device is used, for instance, to hold the sensor assembly is held in the non-rotating position. The sensor assembly of the present invention can include any of a variety of sensors and/or transmitters for determining a plurality of parameters of interest including, for example, nuclear magnetic resonance measurements.

公开(公告)号：US20040196038A1

公开(公告)日：2004-10-07

申请号：US10828812

申请日：2004-04-21

Applicant: Baker Hughes Incorporated

Inventor： Thomas Kruspe ,  Christian Kiesl ,  Holger Thern ,  Hartmut Schrader

IPC: G01V003/00

CPC classification number: E21B33/1243 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B49/008 ,  E21B49/06 ,  E21B49/10 ,  E21B2041/0028 ,  G01V3/32

Abstract: An expert system is included in a downhole processor designed to acquire and process NMR data downhole in real time. The downhole processor controls the acquisition of the NMR data based at least in part on instructions transmitted downhole from a surface location and at least in part on evaluation of downhole conditions by the expert system. The downhole conditions include drilling operation conditions (including motion sensors) as well as lithology and fluid content of the formation obtained from other MWD data. The wait time, number of echos, number of repetitions of an echo sequence, interecho time, bandwidth and shape of the tipping and refocusing pulses may be dynamically changed. Data processing is a combination of standard evaluation techniques. Selected data and diagnostics are transmitted uphole. The expert system may be implemented as a two stage neural net. The first stage does the formation evaluation and the second stage controls the NMR pulse sequence.

公开(公告)号：US20030155915A1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-21

申请号：US10146534

申请日：2002-05-15

Applicant: Baker Hughes Incorporated

Inventor： Thomas Kruspe ,  Martin Blanz ,  Peter Rottengatter

IPC: G01V003/00

CPC classification number: G01R33/34053 ,  G01V3/32

Abstract: A slotted NMR antenna cover for improved mechanical ruggedness during transmission and reception of NMR signals in a down hole environment during either MWD or wire line operations. A NMR slotted antenna cover is provided comprising an elongated tubular structure with longitudinal gaps or slots filled with a RF transmissive or non-conductive material. The slots can befilled at the slot ends with soft magnetic material to improve efficiency of the antenna. The slots are radial concave to reduce eddy currents induced by alternating magnetic flux entering and leaving the slots surrounding the antenna. In another embodiment, the antenna cover is RF transmissive on only a portion of the antenna, via slots or transmissive material, so that the antenna cover can be used to allow RF transmission from the antenna in a side looking or beam pattern restricted mode only.

Abstract translation: 一个开槽的NMR天线盖，用于在MWD或线路操作期间在井下环境中传输和接收NMR信号期间改善机械坚固性。 提供了一种NMR开槽天线盖，其包括具有填充有RF透射或非导电材料的纵向间隙或狭缝的细长管状结构。 槽可以在槽端用软磁材料填充，以提高天线的效率。 槽是径向凹入的，以减少由交变磁通量进入和离开天线周围的槽引起的涡流。 在另一个实施例中，天线盖仅在天线的一部分上经由狭槽或透射材料进行RF透射，使得天线盖可用于仅允许来自天线的RF传输以侧视或波束模式限制模式。

公开(公告)号：US20030016013A1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-23

申请号：US10191153

申请日：2002-07-09

Applicant: BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED.

Inventor： Thomas Kruspe ,  Martin Blanz ,  Peter Rottengatter ,  Holger F. Thern

IPC: G01V003/00

CPC classification number: G01R33/50 ,  G01V3/32

Abstract: NMR data are acquired with variable spacing between refocusing pulses, giving data with a variable interecho time TE. Under certain conditions, diffusion effects can be neglected and data acquired with a multiple TE spacing may be used to obtain a T2 distribution with increased resolution and reduced power requirements. In gas reservoirs, the maximum TE may be determined from diffusion considerations using a dual wait time pulse sequence and this maximum TE is used to acquire data with dual TE. By proper selection of TE, echos can be obtained with significantly reduced ringing.

公开(公告)号：US20020153136A1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-24

申请号：US10059565

申请日：2002-01-29

Applicant: Baker Hughes Incorporated

Inventor： Thomas Kruspe ,  Robert A. Slade ,  Martin Blanz ,  Peter Rottengatter ,  Hartmut Schrader ,  Rob Hawkes

IPC: E21B047/00 ,  E21B043/00

CPC classification number: G01V3/32 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: A NMR device is presented that includes a drill collar having non-rotating sleeve containing permanent magnets. The non-rotating sleeve is clamped against a borehole wall and decoupled from drilling vibrations during NMR measurements. The transmitter and receiver are located on the rotating part of the drill collar. Alternatively the permanent magnets and the RF receiver antenna and/or receiver electronics are placed on the non-rotating sleeve which is clamped against the borehole wall and decoupled from drilling vibrations, with the transmitting antenna located on the rotating drill collar. Alternatively a non-rotating stabilizer is provided above or below a NMR sensor. A stabilizer is activated to stabilize the rotating NMR sensor located on the drilling collar in the bore hole. The permanent magnets and receiving and transmitting antennas are located on a non-rotating sleeve that is clamped against the borehole wall to decouple the permanent magnets and receiving and transmitting antennas from drilling vibrations.

Abstract translation: 提出了一种NMR装置，其包括具有包含永磁体的非旋转套筒的钻铤。 非旋转套筒被夹紧在钻孔壁上，并在NMR测量期间与钻孔振动解耦。 发射器和接收器位于钻铤的旋转部分上。 或者，永磁体和RF接收器天线和/或接收器电子器件放置在非旋转套筒上，该套筒被夹紧在钻孔壁上并与钻孔振动分离，发射天线位于旋转钻铤上。 或者，在NMR传感器的上方或下方设置非旋转稳定器。 激活稳定器以稳定位于钻孔中的钻铤上的旋转NMR传感器。 永久磁铁和接收和发射天线位于非旋转套筒上，该套筒抵靠钻孔壁夹紧，以使永磁体和接收和发射天线与钻孔振动分离。