Abstract:
An external gyroscope is connectable to a navigator of any type to assist in navigation and positioning. The navigator has at least one first connector. The external gyroscope includes a mini-gyroscope adapted to generate angular displacement and acceleration data, a second connector for correspondingly connecting to the first connector, and a control unit. The control unit acquires the angular displacement and acceleration data and then directly transmits the same to the navigator. Alternatively, the control unit calculates the acquired angular displacement and acceleration data to generate a positioning signal for a next position, and then transmits the positioning signal to the navigator. A method of using the external gyroscope to assist a navigator in navigation and positioning is also provided.
Abstract:
A limited angulation bone screw assembly adapted to couple a spinal rod with a vertebra including a bone screw, a bushing and a housing. The pedicle screw having a shaft and an upper head portion, the upper head portion comprising a spherical surface with flats disposed on opposite sides of the upper head portion. The bushing comprising a lower rounded surface for mating with the spherical surface and flats of the upper head portion to restrict the angular movement of the bone screw. The coupled bone screw and bushing are inserted into the housing in a first orientation and then rotated to a second orientation to secure the coupled bone screw and bushing to complete the housing.