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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4950820A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-21
申请号：US885042
申请日：1986-07-14
IPC分类号： C10G45/00
CPC分类号： C10G45/00
摘要： Olefinic hydrocarbons present in mixtures containing tert.-alkyl alkyl ethers and, if appropriate, other saturated aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons can be hydrogenated with substantial preservation of the ethers if the catalyst used has an active component for hydrogenation on a catalyst support having a specific surface area of more than 50 m.sup.2 /g and a pore diameter of, in the main,
摘要翻译： 如果所用的催化剂具有用于在具有比表面积的催化剂载体上进行氢化的活性组分，那么存在于含有叔烷基烷基醚的混合物中的烯烃和（如果合适的话）其它饱和脂族或芳族烃可被氢化， 面积大于50m2 / g，孔径主要为<1000nm。
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公开(公告)号：US4751343A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-14
申请号：US24206
申请日：1987-03-10
CPC分类号： C07C1/20 , C07C2531/08
摘要： Tertiary olefins are obtained in pure form by cleavage of the pertinent tert.alkyl ethers with simultaneous formation of the pertinent alcohols on strongly acidic cation exchangers in the H.sup.+ form. This cleavage is carried out at elevated temperature and atmospheric to superatmospheric pressure. The process is carried out in such a fashion that the ether to be cleaved is employed as a mixture with water. The water may be employed in an amount from 2-50% by weight, relative to the amount of the ether to be cleaved. Suitable ethers to be cleaved are those based on tertiary C.sub.4 -C.sub.7 -olefins and primary C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkanols.
摘要翻译： 通过在H +形式的强酸性阳离子交换剂上同时形成相关的醇，可以通过相关的叔烷基醚的裂解来纯化获得叔烯烃。 该裂解在高温和大气压至超大气压下进行。 该方法以使待裂解的醚作为与水的混合物的方式进行。 相对于待裂解的醚的量，水的用量可以为2-50重量％。 要切割的合适的醚是基于叔C4-C7-烯烃和伯C1-C4-链烷醇的那些。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4804704A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-14
申请号：US24209
申请日：1987-03-10
CPC分类号： C07C1/20 , B01J31/10 , C07C29/10 , B01J2231/4288 , C07C2521/08 , C07C2531/10 , Y02P20/52
摘要： Crosslinked organic resins, containing SiO.sub.2 and sulphonic acid groups, having an SiO.sub.2 content of 0.1-10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the SiO.sub.2 -containing resins, are prepared by steeping crosslinked organic resins, containing sulphonic acid groups, in the alkali form in aqueous alkali metal silicate solutions or (quaternary) alkylammonium silicate solutions, and subsequently precipitating the SiO.sub.2 using mineral acid, and simultaneously converting the resin into the H.sup.+ form. These resins can be used as acid catalysts in the cleavage of tert.-alkyl ethers into the basic tertiary olefins and the basic alkanols. This use has proven particularly advantageous when the tert.-alkyl alkyl ethers to be cleaved are employed together with water for the cleavage.
摘要翻译： 通过将包含磺酸基的交联有机树脂浸渍在含有SiO 2的树脂的交联有机树脂中，制备SiO 2含量为0.1-10重量％的含SiO 2和磺酸基的交联的有机树脂，相对于含SiO 2的树脂的总重量 碱金属硅酸盐溶液或（四烷基）硅酸铵溶液中的碱形式，随后使用无机酸沉淀SiO 2，同时将树脂转化为H +形式。 这些树脂可用作将叔烷基醚切割成碱性叔烯烃和碱性链烷醇的酸催化剂。 当待裂解的叔烷基烷基醚与水一起用于裂解时，已经证明这种用途是特别有利的。
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公开(公告)号：US4431528A
公开(公告)日：1984-02-14
申请号：US392035
申请日：1982-06-25
CPC分类号： C10G67/06 , C10G25/02 , C10G45/00 , C10G2400/02
摘要： Unsaturated hydrocarbons and mixtures in which the latter are present are treated with anion exchangers prior to hydrogenation and are then hydrogenated catalytically in a known manner. The treatment with anion exchangers is carried out at 0.degree.-120.degree. C. and at a space velocity of 0.1 to 10 l of hydrocarbons to be hydrogenated per l of exchanger, per hour. The process avoids other, energy-intensive pretreatments, for example distillation of the hydrocarbons to be hydrogenated, or washing, and can be carried out in simple equipment. A considerable prolongation of the catalyst operating time is achieved in the subsequent catalytic hydrogenation.
摘要翻译： 存在后者的不饱和烃和混合物在氢化之前用阴离子交换剂处理，然后以已知的方式氢化催化。 阴离子交换剂的处理在0℃-120℃下进行，空间速度为0.1至10升待每1个交换器每小时氢化的烃。 该方法避免了其他能量密度的预处理，例如蒸馏待氢化的烃或洗涤，并且可以在简单的设备中进行。 在随后的催化氢化中实现催化剂操作时间的显着延长。
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公开(公告)号：US5012031A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-30
申请号：US320262
申请日：1989-03-07
申请人： Bernhard Schleppinghoff , Hans-Ludwig Niederberger , Christian Gabel , Peter M. Lange , Alfred Mitschker
发明人： Bernhard Schleppinghoff , Hans-Ludwig Niederberger , Christian Gabel , Peter M. Lange , Alfred Mitschker
IPC分类号： C07C1/20
CPC分类号： C07C1/20 , C07C2531/10
摘要： Tert.-olefins are obtained in high purity by cleavage of their alkyl ethers, when the catalysts used for this purpose are styrene/divinylbenzene resins which contain sulphonic acid groups and have a macroporous structure and the polymer matrix of which has an internal surface area of at least 400 m.sup.2 /g, a pore volume (porosity) of 0.6-2.5 ml/g and a mean pore diameter of 40-1000 .ANG.. These catalysts show long service lives.
摘要翻译： 当用于此目的的催化剂是含有磺酸基团并且具有大孔结构并且其聚合物基质的内表面积为的苯乙烯/二乙烯基苯树脂时，通过其烷基醚的裂解获得高纯度的烯烃 至少400m 2 / g，孔体积（孔隙率）为0.6-2.5ml / g，平均孔径为40-1000安培。 这些催化剂使用寿命长。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4504688A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-12
申请号：US587094
申请日：1984-03-07
IPC分类号： C07C43/04 , B01J31/00 , C07B61/00 , C07C1/00 , C07C1/20 , C07C7/12 , C07C7/148 , C07C11/02 , C07C11/08 , C07C41/00 , C07C41/06 , C07C41/36 , C07C67/00 , C07C41/05
CPC分类号： C07C41/36 , C07C41/06 , C07C7/14891
摘要： A process for the preparation of pure alkyl tertiary alkyl ethers and hydrocarbon raffinates which are substantially free from tertiary olefins and alkanols. An alkanol and a hydrocarbon mixture containing at least one tertiary olefin are contacted with the alkanol being present in a stoichiometric excess. The reaction product is removed from the reaction zone and excess alkanol in the reaction product or a partial stream thereof is absorbed on a synthetic ion exchanger containing groups which exchange cations or anions or mixtures of such ion exchangers. After absorption of at least a portion of the alkanol on the synthetic ion exchanger, the alkanol is desorbed by contacting the same with a hydrocarbon mixture containing at least one tertiary olefin.
摘要翻译： 一种制备基本上不含叔烯烃和链烷醇的纯烷基叔烷基醚和烃残液的方法。 含有至少一种叔烯烃的链烷醇和烃混合物与化学计量过量存在的链烷醇接触。 将反应产物从反应区中除去，反应产物中的过量链烷醇或其部分物流被吸收在含有交换阳离子或阴离子的基团的合成离子交换剂上，或这些离子交换剂的混合物。 在合成离子交换剂上吸收至少一部分链烷醇之后，通过使链烷醇与含有至少一种叔烯烃的烃混合物接触来解链链烷醇。
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7.发明授权Process for the preparation of a mixture consisting essentially of iso-butene oligomers and methyl tert.-butyl ether, its use, and fuels containing such mixture 失效用于制备基本上由异丁烯低聚物和甲基叔丁基醚组成的混合物的方法，其用途和含有这种混合物的燃料
公开(公告)号：US4377393A
公开(公告)日：1983-03-22
申请号：US200700
申请日：1980-10-27
IPC分类号： C07C43/04 , C07C1/00 , C07C2/28 , C07C7/148 , C07C7/177 , C07C11/02 , C07C11/09 , C07C41/00 , C07C41/06 , C07C67/00 , C10L1/02 , C10L1/18
CPC分类号： C10L1/023 , C07C2/28 , C07C41/06 , C07C2531/10
摘要： A fuel for a carburetor type engine consisting essentially of isobutene oligomers and methyl tert.-butyl ether, said fuel prepared by a process comprising:(a) in a first step contacting a mixture of straight chain and branched butanes and butenes with an acid catalyst whereby to oligomerize 50% to 90% by weight of the isobutene contained therein:(b) contacting the reaction mixture from step (a) with at least a molar amount of methanol, relative to the residual isobutene, in the presence of an acid catalyst; and(c) separating off from the reaction mixture unreacted butanes and butenes.
摘要翻译： 一种基本上由异丁烯低聚物和甲基叔丁基醚组成的化油器型发动机的燃料，所述燃料通过以下方法制备，所述方法包括：（a）在第一步中使直链和支链丁烷与丁烯的混合物与酸催化剂接触 从而使50％至90％重量的其中所含的异丁烯低聚;（b）在酸催化剂存在下，使来自步骤（a）的反应混合物与至少一定量的甲醇相对于残余异丁烯接触 ; 和（c）从反应混合物中分离未反应的丁烷和丁烯。
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公开(公告)号：US5095164A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-10
申请号：US666545
申请日：1991-03-07
IPC分类号： B01J31/08 , B01D3/00 , C07B61/00 , C07C1/00 , C07C1/20 , C07C11/02 , C07C27/00 , C07C29/00 , C07C29/10 , C07C31/02 , C07C67/00
CPC分类号： C07C29/10 , B01D3/009 , C07C1/20 , C07C2531/08 , Y02P20/127 , Y02P20/52
摘要： Alkyl tert.-alkyl ethers can be cleaved into the underlying alkanols and tert.-olefins in the presence of strongly acidic substances in a column apparatus, the strongly acidic substance being made available at the foot of the column. A particularly advantageous process design results when a water stream is fed below the top column tray in countercurrent to the tert.-olefin flowing upwards and is taken off again from the column above the bottom circulation; in the case of using an insoluble, strongly acidic substance, the latter is located in a catalyst bed at the foot of the column, and the alkyl tert.-alkyl ether is preferably fed in between the catalyst bed and the bottom circulation evaporator.
摘要翻译： 烷基叔烷基醚可以在柱装置中在强酸性物质存在下裂解成潜在的链烷醇和叔烯烃，强酸性物质可在塔的底部获得。 当水流在顶部塔盘下方与向上流动的叔烯烃相反地进料时，结果是特别有利的方法设计，并且从底部循环上方的塔中再次取出; 在使用不溶性强酸性物质的情况下，后者位于塔底部的催化剂床中，优选将烷基叔烷基醚加入到催化剂床和底部循环蒸发器之间。
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公开(公告)号：US4409421A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-11
申请号：US385225
申请日：1982-06-04
IPC分类号： C07C1/20 , B01J20/26 , C07C1/00 , C07C7/12 , C07C7/148 , C07C11/02 , C07C11/09 , C07C41/06 , C07C67/00 , C07C7/01
CPC分类号： C07C41/06 , C07C7/12 , C07C7/14891
摘要： Pure tert.-olefins are prepared from mixtures of hydrocarbons, which contain at least one such tert.-olefin, by reaction with an alkanol to give the corresponding alkyl tert.-alkyl ethers, and subsequent cleavage of these ethers back to the corresponding pure tert.-olefins and the alkanol, and the separation of the pure tert.-olefin from the alkanol. For this, the alkanol present after the cleavage of the ether is separated from the tert.-olefin to the extent of 60 to 99% by weight by distillation, and the residual amount of alcohol in the olefin fraction is removed by adsorption from this fraction onto a synthetic ion exchanger as an absorber resin. The admixture of the alkanol to the mixture of hydrocarbons with at least one tert.-olefin is carried out partly by using the alkanol fraction arising from the separating off of the pure tert.-olefin, and partly by desorption of the alkanol from the absorber resin with the aid of the mixture of hydrocarbons containing at least 1 tert.-olefin.
摘要翻译： 纯的叔烯烃由含有至少一种这样的叔烯烃的烃的混合物通过与烷醇反应得到相应的烷基叔烷基醚，随后将这些醚分解回到相应的纯 - 叔烯烃和链烷醇，以及从链烷醇中分离出纯的叔烯烃。 为此，通过蒸馏将醚裂解后存在的链烷醇与叔烯烃分离至60至99重量％，通过从该馏分中吸附除去烯烃馏分中的醇的残留量 作为吸收树脂的合成离子交换剂。 烷烃与烃与至少一种叔烯烃的混合物的混合物部分地通过使用由纯的叔烯烃分离产生的烷醇馏分部分地进行，部分地通过链烷醇从吸收塔中的解吸 借助于含有至少1个叔烯烃的烃的混合物来提供树脂。
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公开(公告)号：US4330679A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-18
申请号：US276761
申请日：1981-06-24
IPC分类号： C07C43/04 , B01J31/00 , B01J31/08 , B01J31/10 , C07B61/00 , C07C41/00 , C07C41/06 , C07C67/00
摘要： In a process for the preparation of an alkyl tert.-alkyl ether by reaction of an isoolefin branched at the double bond and an alkanol in the presence of a cation exchanger, the improvement which comprises:(a) Employing as the cation exchanger a macroporous or gelatinous acid cation exchanger in the H.sup.+ form which has been charged with 0.1 to 5 grams, per one liter of dry cation exchanger, of an elementary form of a metal of sub-groups VI, VII or VIII of the periodic table of elements (Mendeleev) which cation exchanger is crosslinked with the degree of crosslinking of 2 to 65% and has a specific surface area of 5 to 750 square meters per gram on the basis of dry cation exchange resin; and(b) The reaction is carried out in the liquid phase at a temperature of 30.degree. to 140.degree. C. at a pressure of 2 to 100 bars employing a molar ratio of isoolefin to alkanol of 0.1 to 5.
摘要翻译： 在通过在双键上分支的异烯烃与烷醇在阳离子交换剂的存在下反应制备烷基叔烷基醚的方法，其改进包括：（a）作为阳离子交换剂使用大孔 或H +形式的凝胶酸阳离子交换剂，其每一升干燥阳离子交换剂中加入0.1至5克元素周期表第VI，VII或VIII族元素金属的元素形式的元素（ 门多列夫），其阳离子交换剂交联度为2〜65％，基于干阳离子交换树脂，比表面积为5〜750平方米/克; 和（b）使用异烯烃与烷醇的摩尔比为0.1至5的反应在液相中在30至140℃的温度下在2至100巴的压力下进行。
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