Use of an organic additve for producing porous concrete
    1.
    发明申请
    Use of an organic additve for producing porous concrete 审中-公开
    使用有机添加剂生产多孔混凝土

    公开(公告)号:US20090209682A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-08-20

    申请号:US11988597

    申请日:2006-07-17

    Abstract: In order to produce porous concrete, the use of an organic additive with water-reducing, dispersing and/or flowability-increasing properties is provided. This additive is at least one representative of the series of polycondensation products based on naphthalinsulfonic acids or alkylnaphthalinsulfonic acids, melamine-formaldehyde resins containing sulfonic acid groups, and copolymers based on unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid derivatives and on oxyalkylene glycol-alkenyl ethers. This additive is preferably admixed to a non-foamed and, in particular, mixing water-free porous concrete base mix containing lime, a hydraulic binder, preferably cement and sand, whereby quantities between 0.01 and 10% by weight are considered as preferred quantities. By using the additive in the aforementioned manner, the method for producing porous concrete can be carried out using distinctly less energy and thus more cost-effectively without negatively influencing the typical properties of porous concrete products.

    Abstract translation: 为了生产多孔混凝土,提供了具有减水,分散和/或流动性增加的性能的有机添加剂的使用。 该添加剂是基于萘磺酸或烷基萘磺酸的缩聚产物系列的至少一个代表,含有磺酸基的三聚氰胺 - 甲醛树脂,以及基于不饱和单羧酸或二羧酸衍生物的共聚物,以及氧化亚烷基二醇 - 烯基醚。 该添加剂优选与非发泡的,特别是含有石灰的混合无水多孔混凝土基础混合物,水硬性粘合剂,优选水泥和砂混合,其中0.01至10重量%的量被认为是优选的量。 通过以上述方式使用添加剂,多孔混凝土的制造方法可以使用明显较少的能量,从而更经济有效地进行,而不会不利地影响多孔混凝土产品的典型性能。

    Method and apparatus for the identification of articles
    2.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for the identification of articles 失效
    用于识别物品的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US4424587A

    公开(公告)日:1984-01-03

    申请号:US253475

    申请日:1981-04-13

    CPC classification number: G06K9/2054 G06K2209/01

    Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for identifying objects (e.g. consumer products in a supermarket) appearing in random positions and orientations and for random times on an image window and having an identification on the surface facing the image window in the form of a data field having contrasting indicia in at least one data track. The data field is first scanned with a scanning raster until a product identification code is recognized denoting the position and orientation of the data track. The data track is then read with a closely-spaced reading raster and converted to a videosignal. The amplitude of the videosignal is coded into binary digits at discrete time points and the digits are stored in a memory matrix organized into columns and rows in such a manner that an image of the data track is stored in the memory. Mutually overlapping partial regions of the memory are then read out in a pre-arranged sequence and fed to a decoder capable of accepting and decoding the information in this form. In this way, the information is converted from a row-by-row sequence produced by the reading raster into a succession of digits corresponding to individual partial regions of the data track for the recognition of individual symbols appearing therein.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于识别出现在图像窗口上的随机位置和取向以及随机时间的物体(例如超市中的消费品)的方法和装置,并且以数据形式在面向图像窗口的表面上具有识别 在至少一个数据轨道上具有对比度标记。 首先用扫描光栅扫描数据字段,直到产生识别码被识别为表示数据轨道的位置和方向。 然后,数据轨道用一个紧密间隔的读取光栅读取并转换成一个视频信号。 视频信号的幅度在离散时间点被编码成二进制数字,并且数字被存储在以行和行组织的存储矩阵中,使得数据轨道的图像被存储在存储器中。 然后以预先排列的顺序读出存储器的相互重叠的部分区域,并将其馈送到能够接受和解码该形式的信息的解码器。 以这种方式,将信息从由读取光栅产生的逐行序列转换成对应于数据轨道的各个部分区域的一连串数字,以识别其中出现的各个符号。

    Fine-particled amphoteric aqueous polymer dispersion method for production and use thereof
    4.
    发明授权
    Fine-particled amphoteric aqueous polymer dispersion method for production and use thereof 有权
    细颗粒两性水性聚合物分散体的制造和使用方法

    公开(公告)号:US07579414B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-08-25

    申请号:US11569912

    申请日:2005-06-03

    Abstract: Finely divided, amphoteric, aqueous polymer dispersions which are obtainable by a two-stage polymerization, a prepolymer being prepared in the first polymerization stage from a monomer mixture comprising (a) from 15 to 40% by weight of at least one (meth)acrylate and/or (meth)acrylamide having in each case a free amino group, protonated amino group and/or quaternized amino group, (b) from 40 to 70% by weight of at least one optionally substituted styrene, (c) from 0 to 25% by weight of acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile, (d) from 0.5 to 5% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising acid groups and (e) from 0 to 30% by weight of at least one nonionic, ethylenically unsaturated monomer differing from (b) and (c), the sum of (a)+(b)+(c)+(d)+(e) being 100% by weight, in a solution polymerization in a solvent partly to completely miscible with water, water then being added to the solution/dispersion of the prepolymer and then at least one nonionic, ethylenically unsaturated monomer being subjected to an emulsion polymerization in the aqueous solution of the prepolymer in a second polymerization stage, processes for the preparation of the polymer dispersions by two-stage polymerization and use of the polymer dispersions as sizes for paper, board and cardboard.

    Abstract translation: 通过两阶段聚合可得到的细分两性聚合物水分散体,预聚物在第一聚合阶段由单体混合物制备,所述单体混合物包含(a)15-40%重量的至少一种(甲基)丙烯酸酯 和/或(甲基)丙烯酰胺,其各自为游离氨基,质子化氨基和/或季铵化氨基,(b)40至70重量%的至少一种任选取代的苯乙烯,(c)0至 25重量%的丙烯腈和/或甲基丙烯腈,(d)0.5至5重量%的至少一种包含酸基的烯键式不饱和单体和(e)0至30重量%的至少一种非离子,烯属不饱和单体 与(b)和(c)不同的单体,在溶剂中的溶液聚合中部分地完全混溶的(a)+(b)+(c)+(d)+(e)的总和为100重量% 用水,然后将水加入到预聚物的溶液/分散体中,然后加入至少一种非离子的乙烯 lly不饱和单体在第二聚合阶段在预聚物的水溶液中进行乳液聚合,通过两步聚合制备聚合物分散体的方法和使用聚合物分散体作为纸,纸板和纸板的尺寸。

    Fine-Particled Amphoteric Aqueous Polymer Dispersion Method for Production and Use Thereof
    8.
    发明申请
    Fine-Particled Amphoteric Aqueous Polymer Dispersion Method for Production and Use Thereof 有权
    用于生产和使用的细颗粒两性水性聚合物分散体方法

    公开(公告)号:US20080039598A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-02-14

    申请号:US11569912

    申请日:2005-06-03

    Abstract: Finely divided, amphoteric, aqueous polymer dispersions which are obtainable by a two-stage polymerization, a prepolymer being prepared in the first polymerization stage from a monomer mixture comprising (a) from 15 to 40% by weight of at least one (meth)acrylate and/or (meth)acrylamide having in each case a free amino group, protonated amino group and/or quaternized amino group, (b) from 40 to 70% by weight of at least one optionally substituted styrene, (c) from 0 to 25% by weight of acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile, (d) from 0.5 to 5% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising acid groups and (e) from 0 to 30% by weight of at least one nonionic, ethylenically unsaturated monomer differing from (b) and (c), the sum of (a)+(b)+(c)+(d)+(e) being 100% by weight, in a solution polymerization in a solvent partly to completely miscible with water, water then being added to the solution/dispersion of the prepolymer and then at least one nonionic, ethylenically unsaturated monomer being subjected to an emulsion polymerization in the aqueous solution of the prepolymer in a second polymerization stage, processes for the preparation of the polymer dispersions by two-stage polymerization and use of the polymer dispersions as sizes for paper, board and cardboard.

    Abstract translation: 通过两阶段聚合可得到的细分两性聚合物水分散体,预聚物在第一聚合阶段由单体混合物制备,所述单体混合物包含(a)15-40%重量的至少一种(甲基)丙烯酸酯 和/或(甲基)丙烯酰胺,其各自为游离氨基,质子化氨基和/或季铵化氨基,(b)40至70重量%的至少一种任选取代的苯乙烯,(c)0至 25重量%的丙烯腈和/或甲基丙烯腈,(d)0.5至5重量%的至少一种包含酸基的烯属不饱和单体和(e)0至30重量%的至少一种非离子,烯属不饱和单体 与(b)和(c)不同的单体,在溶剂中的溶液聚合中部分地完全混溶的(a)+(b)+(c)+(d)+(e)的总和为100重量% 用水,然后将水加入到预聚物的溶液/分散体中,然后加入至少一种非离子的乙烯 lly不饱和单体在第二聚合阶段在预聚物的水溶液中进行乳液聚合,通过两步聚合制备聚合物分散体的方法和使用聚合物分散体作为纸,纸板和纸板的尺寸。

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