Abstract:
In order to produce porous concrete, the use of an organic additive with water-reducing, dispersing and/or flowability-increasing properties is provided. This additive is at least one representative of the series of polycondensation products based on naphthalinsulfonic acids or alkylnaphthalinsulfonic acids, melamine-formaldehyde resins containing sulfonic acid groups, and copolymers based on unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid derivatives and on oxyalkylene glycol-alkenyl ethers. This additive is preferably admixed to a non-foamed and, in particular, mixing water-free porous concrete base mix containing lime, a hydraulic binder, preferably cement and sand, whereby quantities between 0.01 and 10% by weight are considered as preferred quantities. By using the additive in the aforementioned manner, the method for producing porous concrete can be carried out using distinctly less energy and thus more cost-effectively without negatively influencing the typical properties of porous concrete products.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for identifying objects (e.g. consumer products in a supermarket) appearing in random positions and orientations and for random times on an image window and having an identification on the surface facing the image window in the form of a data field having contrasting indicia in at least one data track. The data field is first scanned with a scanning raster until a product identification code is recognized denoting the position and orientation of the data track. The data track is then read with a closely-spaced reading raster and converted to a videosignal. The amplitude of the videosignal is coded into binary digits at discrete time points and the digits are stored in a memory matrix organized into columns and rows in such a manner that an image of the data track is stored in the memory. Mutually overlapping partial regions of the memory are then read out in a pre-arranged sequence and fed to a decoder capable of accepting and decoding the information in this form. In this way, the information is converted from a row-by-row sequence produced by the reading raster into a succession of digits corresponding to individual partial regions of the data track for the recognition of individual symbols appearing therein.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for producing microcapsules. The microcapsules have an effect-substance-containing capsule core and a polymer-containing capsule covering. The capsule covering is formed by enzyme-catalyzed polymerization of monomers which are present in an inverse miniemulsion, as well as microcapsules and dispersions. The present invention also provides for using the microcapsules and microcapsule dispersions as components in colorants, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, crop protection agents, fertilizers, and additives for foods or animal feed.
Abstract:
Finely divided, amphoteric, aqueous polymer dispersions which are obtainable by a two-stage polymerization, a prepolymer being prepared in the first polymerization stage from a monomer mixture comprising (a) from 15 to 40% by weight of at least one (meth)acrylate and/or (meth)acrylamide having in each case a free amino group, protonated amino group and/or quaternized amino group, (b) from 40 to 70% by weight of at least one optionally substituted styrene, (c) from 0 to 25% by weight of acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile, (d) from 0.5 to 5% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising acid groups and (e) from 0 to 30% by weight of at least one nonionic, ethylenically unsaturated monomer differing from (b) and (c), the sum of (a)+(b)+(c)+(d)+(e) being 100% by weight, in a solution polymerization in a solvent partly to completely miscible with water, water then being added to the solution/dispersion of the prepolymer and then at least one nonionic, ethylenically unsaturated monomer being subjected to an emulsion polymerization in the aqueous solution of the prepolymer in a second polymerization stage, processes for the preparation of the polymer dispersions by two-stage polymerization and use of the polymer dispersions as sizes for paper, board and cardboard.
Abstract:
Computer-implemented methods for use in improving the diagnostic quality of images, including intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images, are disclosed. The methods include using a non-linear, probabilistic classifier algorithm to analyze a plurality of spatiotemporal features of RF backscatter and to produce a blood likelihood map or blood probability map that corresponds to the original IVUS image. The methods disclosed herein allow for visualizing both static and dynamic characteristic of a vessel either by producing a transparency modulated color overlay of the blood likelihood map without altering the underlying IVUS image or by processing the IVUS image based upon the blood likelihood map to better distinguish between static and dynamic components of the vessel.
Abstract:
Process for producing microcapsules comprising an effect-substance-containing capsule core and a polymer-containing capsule covering, comprising the formation of the capsule covering by means of enzyme-catalyzed polymerization of monomers which are present in an inverse miniemulsion; and also microcapsules and dispersions. Use of said microcapsules and dispersions comprising microcapsules as component in colorants, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, crop protection agents, fertilizers, additives for foods or animal feed, auxiliaries for polymers, paper, textile, leather or detergents and cleaners.
Abstract:
Finely divided, amphoteric, aqueous polymer dispersions which are obtainable by a two-stage polymerization, a prepolymer being prepared in the first polymerization stage from a monomer mixture comprising (a) from 15 to 40% by weight of at least one (meth)acrylate and/or (meth)acrylamide having in each case a free amino group, protonated amino group and/or quaternized amino group, (b) from 40 to 70% by weight of at least one optionally substituted styrene, (c) from 0 to 25% by weight of acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile, (d) from 0.5 to 5% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising acid groups and (e) from 0 to 30% by weight of at least one nonionic, ethylenically unsaturated monomer differing from (b) and (c), the sum of (a)+(b)+(c)+(d)+(e) being 100% by weight, in a solution polymerization in a solvent partly to completely miscible with water, water then being added to the solution/dispersion of the prepolymer and then at least one nonionic, ethylenically unsaturated monomer being subjected to an emulsion polymerization in the aqueous solution of the prepolymer in a second polymerization stage, processes for the preparation of the polymer dispersions by two-stage polymerization and use of the polymer dispersions as sizes for paper, board and cardboard.