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公开(公告)号：US4828774A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-09
申请号：US011085
申请日：1987-02-05
CPC分类号： C04B35/80 , C04B14/46 , C04B30/02 , C04B35/14 , Y10T428/249956 , Y10T428/249957 , Y10T428/249964 , Y10T428/24997 , Y10T428/30
摘要： A porous body consisting of a felted fibrous skeleton covered with and bonded together by a ceramic material is provided. Also provided are methods for making such a porous body which comprise the use of ceramic polymer solutions.
摘要翻译： 提供了由陶瓷材料覆盖并由陶瓷材料粘合在一起的被毡纤维骨架组成的多孔体。 还提供了制造这种多孔体的方法，其包括使用陶瓷聚合物溶液。
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2.发明授权Low temperature formation of mullite using silicon alkoxide and aluminum alkoxide 失效使用硅烷氧化铝和烷氧基铝低温形成莫来石
公开(公告)号：US4687652A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-18
申请号：US867727
申请日：1986-05-28
CPC分类号： C04B41/009 , C01B33/26 , C04B41/5025 , C04B41/87
摘要： A method for preparing mullite (3Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.2SiO.sub.2) by partially hydrolyzing a dilute silicon alkoxide solution, combining an aluminum alkoxide with the partially hydrolyzed silicon alkoxide, eliminating terminal alkoxide groups and firing the material to about 985.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 通过部分水解稀硅醇溶液，将烷氧基铝与部分水解的硅烷醇结合，除去末端醇盐基团并将材料烧成约985℃，制备莫来石（3Al2O3.2SiO2）的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US5290737A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-01
申请号：US757718
申请日：1985-07-22
CPC分类号： C04B35/803 , C03C14/002 , C04B35/62847 , C22C47/04 , C03C2214/02 , C03C2214/03 , C04B2235/441 , C04B2235/524 , Y10T428/12014 , Y10T428/12035
摘要： A composite material having a fiber system embedded in a host matrix material. The fiber system has a protective reaction barrier around the embedded fibers to prevent deleterious chemical or mechanical reaction between the fiber and matrix. The fiber coating is applied by immersion of the fiber system into an alkoxide solution of the desired oxide precursor with controlled immersion and withdrawal rates with subsequent drying, heating to convert to a pure oxide state, and where required, post processing, to convert the oxide coating to a carbide or nitride, for example.
摘要翻译： 具有嵌入主体基质材料中的纤维体系的复合材料。 纤维系统在嵌入的纤维周围具有保护性反应屏障，以防止纤维和基质之间的有害的化学或机械反应。 通过将纤维体系浸渍到所需氧化物前体的醇盐溶液中，以受控的浸渍和萃取速率浸渍，随后干燥，加热转化成纯氧化物状态，并且在需要时进行后处理以转化氧化物 涂覆到例如碳化物或氮化物。
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公开(公告)号：US4535026A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-13
申请号：US509118
申请日：1983-06-29
CPC分类号： G02B1/113 , C03C15/00 , C03C17/02 , C03C17/27 , C03C2217/213 , C03C2218/113 , C03C2218/322 , Y10T428/249961 , Y10T428/249969 , Y10T428/261
摘要： Antireflective silica coating for vitreous material is substantially non-reflecting over a wide band of radiations. This is achieved by providing the coating with a graded degree of porosity which grades the index of refraction between that of air and the vitreous material of the substrate. To prepare the coating, there is first prepared a silicon-alkoxide-based coating solution of particular polymer structure produced by a controlled proportion of water to alkoxide and a controlled concentration of alkoxide to solution, along with a small amount of catalyst. The primary solvent is alcohol and the solution is polymerized and hydrolized under controlled conditions prior to use. The prepared solution is applied as a film to the vitreous substrate and rapidly dried. It is thereafter heated under controlled conditions to volatilize the hydroxyl radicals and organics therefrom and then to produce a suitable pore morphology in the residual porous silica layer. The silica layer is then etched in order to enlarge the pores in a graded fashion, with the largest of the pores remaining being sufficiently small that radiations to be passed through the substrate are not significantly scattered. For use with quartz substrates, extremely durable coatings which display only 0.1% reflectivity have been prepared.
摘要翻译： 用于玻璃质材料的抗反射二氧化硅涂层在宽的辐射带上基本上不反射。 这通过为涂层提供渐变程度的孔隙率来实现，其使空气折射率与基板的玻璃质材料的折射率相等。 为了制备涂层，首先制备了具有特定聚合物结构的硅烷醇盐类涂料溶液，其通过控制比例的水与醇盐和受控浓度的醇盐与溶液以及少量的催化剂一起制备。 主要溶剂是醇，溶液在使用前在受控条件下聚合和水解。 将制备的溶液作为膜施加到玻璃质基材上并快速干燥。 然后将其在受控条件下加热以使羟基自由基和有机物挥发，然后在剩余多孔二氧化硅层中产生合适的孔形态。 然后蚀刻二氧化硅层以便以渐变的方式扩大孔，其中最大的孔保持足够小，使得通过基底的辐射不会显着分散。 为了与石英基板一起使用，已经制备出仅具有0.1％反射率的非常耐用的涂层。
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公开(公告)号：US4754012A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-28
申请号：US914860
申请日：1986-10-03
申请人： Bulent E. Yoldas , Chia-Cheng Lin
发明人： Bulent E. Yoldas , Chia-Cheng Lin
IPC分类号： C09D183/04 , C09D183/14 , C08G77/00
CPC分类号： C09D183/14 , C09D183/04
摘要： A multi-component organoalkoxysilane/metal alkoxide sol-gel composition and method for its production are disclosed whereby an organoalkoxysilane of the general formulaR.sub.x Si(OR').sub.4-xwherein R is an organic radical, R' is low molecular weight alkyl radical, and x is at least 1 and less than 4, is partially hydrolyzed, reacted with a mixture of metal alkoxides, and the resulting composition is further hydrolyzed and condensed to form an inorganic oxide network. The composition is dried and cured to form an abrasion-resistant coating on a substrate having improved properties in comparison with single metal alkoxide compositions.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种多组分有机烷氧基硅烷/金属醇盐溶胶凝胶组合物及其制备方法，其中通式为RxSi（OR'）4-x的有机烷氧基硅烷，其中R为有机基团，R'为低分子量烷基， 并且x至少为1且小于4，被部分水解，与金属醇盐的混合物反应，并将所得组合物进一步水解和缩合形成无机氧化物网络。 与单一金属醇盐组合物相比，组合物被干燥和固化以在基材上形成具有改进性能的耐磨涂层。
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公开(公告)号：US4465739A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-14
申请号：US434150
申请日：1982-10-13
申请人： Bulent E. Yoldas
发明人： Bulent E. Yoldas
IPC分类号： C01F7/36 , C03C1/00 , C03C3/12 , C03C17/02 , C03C17/25 , C07C29/68 , C07C31/32 , B32B15/00 , B05D3/02
CPC分类号： C03C17/25 , C01F7/36 , C03C1/008 , C03C17/02 , C03C3/125 , C01P2006/60 , C03C2217/214 , C03C2218/113 , Y10S65/901
摘要： Disclosed is a method of preparing a clear partially hydrolyzed aluminum alkoxide solution by mixing an aluminum alkoxide with about 0.4 to about 1 moles of water per mole of aluminum alkoxide in the presence of sufficient alcohol to give a maximum weight percent of equivalent alumina of 10%. The mixture is then heated until clear, which typically requires a temperature of about 40.degree. to about 60.degree. C. Then sufficient additional water is added to bring the number of moles of water per mole of alkoxide up to at least about 2. The water is added in the presence of sufficient alcohol to give a maximum weight percent of equivalent alumina of about 3%. A polymerized alumina glass can be prepared from the composition by heating it to a temperature of at least 500.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种通过在足够的醇存在下，将醇铝与约0.4至约1摩尔水/摩尔的烷氧基铝混合来制备澄清的部分水解的烷氧化铝溶液的方法，得到10％的当量氧化铝的最大重量百分比 。 然后将混合物加热至澄清，通常需要约40至约60℃的温度。然后加入足量的额外的水以使每摩尔醇盐的水摩尔数达到至少约2.水 在足够的醇存在下加入，得到约3％的最大重量百分比的当量氧化铝。 聚合的氧化铝玻璃可以通过将组合物加热到至少500℃的温度来制备。
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公开(公告)号：US4272588A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-09
申请号：US069214
申请日：1979-08-23
CPC分类号： G02B5/0833 , C03C17/36 , C03C17/3605 , C03C17/3644 , C03C17/3649 , C03C17/3663 , F24J2/1057 , G02B5/0891 , Y02E10/40
摘要： A mirror is made by applying a coating to a highly reflective surface of a substrate. The coating is prepared from a composition of an alkoxide having the general formula M(OR).sub.n, where M is 0 to 100% titanium, 0 to 25% silicon, 0 to 100% tantalum, or 0 to 15% of a metal ion which forms an alkoxide, R is alkyl from C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 and n is the valence of M, about 1.7 to about 8 moles of water per mole of alkoxide, sufficient alcohol to give a solids content of about 0.5 to about 15%, and a sufficient amount of a suitable acid to prevent cloudiness. The coated substrate is fired at about 200.degree. to about 600.degree. C. to form an oxide coating which is substantially oxygen impervious. Additional layers of the coating may be applied and fired until the oxide coating is about 200 to about 5000A thick, avoiding quarter-wave thicknesses.
摘要翻译： 通过将涂层施加到基底的高反射性表面来制造镜子。 涂层由具有通式M（OR）n的醇盐的组合物制备，其中M为0至100％的钛，0至25％的硅，0至100％的钽或0至15％的金属离子 其形成烷氧基，R是C1至C6的烷基，n是M的化合价，每摩尔醇盐约1.7至约8摩尔水，足够的醇以得到约0.5至约15％的固体含量，以及 足够量的合适的酸以防止混浊。 将涂覆的基材在约200℃至约600℃下焙烧以形成基本上不透氧的氧化物涂层。 可以施加和烧制涂层的附加层，直到氧化物涂层为约200至约5000A厚，避免四分之一波长厚度。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6121336A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-19
申请号：US267723
申请日：1994-06-28
IPC分类号： C08J9/00
CPC分类号： C08J9/0066 , C08J9/0061 , C08J2375/04 , C08J2483/00
摘要： Polyurethane foams prepared using polysiloxane/polyoxyalkylene surfactants, preferably blended with a viscosity modifying agent, particularly in combination with particulate silica, especially silica aerogel, exhibit improved thermal insulating capacity, as measured by K-factor, and improved closed cell content, without increasing the density of the polyurethane foam.
摘要翻译： 使用聚硅氧烷/聚氧化烯表面活性剂制备的聚氨酯泡沫，优选与粘度改进剂共混，特别是与颗粒二氧化硅，特别是二氧化硅气凝胶组合，表现出改善的隔热能力，如通过K因子测量的，并且改善闭孔含量，而不增加 聚氨酯泡沫的密度。
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公开(公告)号：US4753827A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-28
申请号：US914856
申请日：1986-10-03
申请人： Bulent E. Yoldas , Chia-Cheng Lin
发明人： Bulent E. Yoldas , Chia-Cheng Lin
IPC分类号： C09D183/04 , C09D183/14 , B05D3/02
CPC分类号： C09D183/14 , C09D183/04 , Y10T428/31663
摘要： An organoalkoxysilane/metal oxide sol-gel composition and method for its production are disclosed whereby an organoalkoxysilane of the general formulaR.sub.x Si(OR').sub.4-xwherein R is an organic radical, R' is a low molecular weight alkyl radical, and x is at least 1 and less than 4, is partially hydrolyzed in organic solution and reacted with a titanium or zirconium alkoxide of the general formula M(OR").sub.4 wherein M is titanium or zirconium and R" is a lower alkyl radical. The composition is hydrolyzed, dried and condensed to form an organosiloxane/metal oxide abrasion-resistant coating on a substrate.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种有机烷氧基硅烷/金属氧化物溶胶凝胶组合物及其制备方法，其中通式为RxSi（OR'）4-x的有机烷氧基硅烷，其中R为有机基团，R'为低分子量烷基，x为 至少1和小于4，在有机溶液中部分水解，并与通式M（OR“）4的钛或锆醇盐反应，其中M为钛或锆，R”为低级烷基。 将组合物水解，干燥并冷凝以在基材上形成有机硅氧烷/金属氧化物耐磨涂层。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4422965A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-27
申请号：US176738
申请日：1980-08-11
CPC分类号： C03C1/002 , C03C1/006 , G21F9/162 , G21F9/305 , Y10S65/901
摘要： Disclosed is a process for containing a solution of nuclear waste, where the nuclear waste is at least 10% sodium or nitrate. A composition is prepared in an alcohol of about 1 to about 99% of a silicon alkoxide and about 1 to about 99% of a boron alkoxide. The pH of the nuclear waste solution is adjusted to about 4 to about 6 and the pH of the composition is adjusted to match. The composition is dried to about 50 to about 75% of its original volume and is mixed with up to about 30% of the solution of nuclear waste, thereby forming a gel. The mixture is dried and heated at up to about 500.degree. C. Finally, it is consolidated either by warm pressing at about 400.degree. to about 800.degree. C. at about 40,000 to about 100,000 psi, or by melting at about 700.degree. to about 1150.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种包含核废料解决方案的方法，其中核废料为至少10％的钠或硝酸盐。 在约1至约99％的硅醇盐和约1至约99％的硼醇盐的醇中制备组合物。 将核废料溶液的pH调节至约4至约6，并调节组合物的pH以匹配。 将组合物干燥至其原始体积的约50至约75％，并与最多约30％的核废料溶液混合，从而形成凝胶。 将混合物干燥并在高达约500℃下加热。最后，通过在约400至约800℃下温度约40,000至约100,000psi或通过约700℃至约熔点 1150℃
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