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1.发明授权Detection by automatic gain control features of gradual cutting tool breakage 失效通过自动增益控制检测功能，逐步切割刀具断裂
公开(公告)号：US4806914A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-21
申请号：US46812
申请日：1987-05-07
IPC分类号： B23Q17/09 , G01H1/16 , G05B19/4065 , G08B21/00
CPC分类号： G01H1/16 , B23Q17/0957 , B23Q17/0971 , G05B19/4065 , G05B2219/37351
摘要： A tool break detection system has an automatic gain control to adjust the analog signal channel gain and hold the cutting vibration signal at a desired average level. The AGC time constant is long enough that the detection of abrupt tool breaks and sudden large signal level transistions by the digital signature recognition logic is unaffected. However, the gradual decrease in signal level produced by a crumbly-type break would be removed by AGC action. In a system with a hardware AGC, crossing a high gain threshold resets gain to a low value and the resulting abrupt and persisting change in signal level is detected by the abrupt tool break logic. Another embodiment uses the gain command output by a software AGC and generates a break detected signal directly, without resetting the gain command, as gain rises above a high gain alarm level which is recalculated at the start of each cut.
摘要翻译： 刀具断裂检测系统具有自动增益控制，以调整模拟信号通道增益并将切割振动信号保持在期望的平均水平。 AGC时间常数足够长，使得数字签名识别逻辑的突然工具断开检测和突发的大信号电平转移不受影响。 然而，通过AGC动作可以消除由脆弱型断路产生的信号电平的逐渐降低。 在具有硬件AGC的系统中，跨越高增益阈值将增益重置为低值，并且突然的工具断开逻辑检测到所产生的信号电平的突然和持续变化。 另一个实施例使用由软件AGC输出的增益指令，并且当增益高于在每次切断开始时重新计算的高增益警报水平时，直接生成中断检测信号而不复位增益命令。
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公开(公告)号：US4918427A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-17
申请号：US329044
申请日：1989-03-27
CPC分类号： G08B21/187 , B23Q17/0957 , B23Q17/0971
摘要： A system and method for monitoring machine tool operations provides a multi-level tool break alarm and uses information from multiple sensors of different types. Signal processing and pattern recognition logic techniques are applied to a cutting process high frequency vibration signal to detect major tool breaks requiring prompt stoppage of the cut. False alarm resistant detection of minor tool breaks, for which the response may not be an immediate stop of the cutting process, is obtained with information from a low frequency vibration sensor, an axis drive current sensor, or an axis velocity sensor. A minor tool break alarm is generated when signal transients in both a high frequency and low frequency channel signal are in close time coincidence, and a major alarm when the high frequency channel transient is followed by a persisting mean vibration level shift.
摘要翻译： 用于监控机床操作的系统和方法提供了多级工具中断报警，并且使用来自不同类型的多个传感器的信息。 信号处理和模式识别逻辑技术应用于切割过程高频振动信号，以检测需要及时停止切割的主要刀具断裂。 通过来自低频振动传感器，轴驱动电流传感器或轴速度传感器的信息，可以获得针对可能不立即停止切割过程的小型刀具断裂的防误报警检测。 在高频和低频信号信号中的信号瞬变处于紧密的时间一致时，产生小的工具中断报警，当高频信道瞬态随后是持续的平均振动电平偏移时，产生主要报警。
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公开(公告)号：US4831365A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-16
申请号：US153300
申请日：1988-02-05
IPC分类号： G05B19/4065
CPC分类号： G05B19/4065 , B23Q17/0952 , B23Q17/0961
摘要： Sharp tools have different cutting characteristics from dull or worn tools. Among these differences is that a wear land develops on the cutting tool so that more of the cutting tool comes into contact with the workpiece during the cutting process. The increased contact area between the tool and workpiece forces more energy to be consumed by the cutting machine in making a cut because more energy is expended in non-productive work. Indications of an increase in non-productive work are the increased power or force necessary to operate a spindle in lathes, milling machines, etc., and the increased energy in cutting vibrations in a low frequency range emitted during the cutting process. Another indication of decreased efficiency of the cutting process is the decreased energy in cutting vibrations in a high frequency range emitted during the cutting process. A method and apparatus are described for continuously monitoring a ratio of spindle force or power or low frequency vibration energy to high frequency vibration energy during the cutting process, and generating an output warning signal when the radio reaches a preselected level correlated with excessive tool wear.
摘要翻译： 锋利的工具具有不同的切割特性，从钝或磨损的工具。 这些差异在于，在切割工具上形成磨损区域，使得更多的切削工具在切割过程中与工件接触。 刀具和工件之间的增加的接触面积在切割机中产生更多的能量消耗，因为在非生产性工作中消耗更多的能量。 增加非生产性工作的迹象是在车床，铣床等中操作主轴所需的力量或力量的增加，以及在切割过程中发射的低频范围内切割振动的能量增加。 切割过程效率降低的另一个指示是在切割过程中发射的高频范围内的切割振动中的能量减少。 描述了一种用于在切割过程中连续监测主轴力或功率或低频振动能量与高频振动能量的比率的方法和装置，并且当无线电达到与过度的工具磨损相关的预选级别时，产生输出警告信号。
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4.发明授权Vibration-sensing tool break and touch detector optimized for machining conditions 失效针对加工条件优化的振动检测工具断裂和触摸检测器
公开(公告)号：US4724524A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-09
申请号：US744083
申请日：1985-06-12
IPC分类号： B23Q17/09 , G05B19/4065 , G06F15/46 , G08B23/00
CPC分类号： G05B19/4065 , B23Q17/0971 , G05B2219/37351
摘要： A Machine Tool Monitor detects significant cutting tool breakage and the first contact of an advancing tool to a workpiece, and does this by monitoring vibration signals produced by the machining of parts and interpreting patterns in these signals. Information from the part program improves the performance of the detector and optimizes it for the cutting conditions called for by the machine tool control. The analog channel gain of the monitor is adjusted and parameters controlling the digital pattern recognition logic are selected using part program information on machining parameters. The tool touch or tool break detection mode is selected by the part program.
摘要翻译： 机床监视器检测到显着的切割刀具断裂和前进工具对工件的第一次接触，并通过监视由零件的加工产生的振动信号和这些信号中的解释模式来实现。 来自零件程序的信息提高了检测器的性能，并优化了机床控制所要求的切割条件。 调整监视器的模拟通道增益，并使用加工参数的零件程序信息来选择控制数字模式识别逻辑的参数。 通过零件程序选择工具触摸或刀具断点检测模式。
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公开(公告)号：US4642617A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-10
申请号：US685005
申请日：1984-12-21
IPC分类号： B23Q17/09 , G01H1/00 , G05B19/4065 , G08B21/00
CPC分类号： G05B19/4065 , B23Q17/0971 , B23Q17/098 , G01H1/00
摘要： Substantial cutting condition changes that occur gradually, as opposed to the more usual sudden large change, are detected by setting upper and lower cutting noise mean level thresholds. When the mean cutting noise exceeds the upper threshold or stays below the lower threshold for a preset number of signal samples, a tool break alarm is generated. Techniques are given to reduce false alarms at the start and end of the cut and on runout on initial rough surface cuts. The system comprises an accelerometer or other sensor whose signal is preprocessed to attenuate lower frequency machinery noise and detect the signal energy in a band below 100 KHz, then sampled, and the digitized signal samples analyzed by pattern recognition logic.
摘要翻译： 通过设置上下切割噪声平均水平阈值来检测到与逐渐变大的突然变化相反的逐渐发生的重大切割条件变化。 当平均切割噪声超过上限阈值或者对于预设数量的信号样本保持低于下限阈值时，产生刀具断裂报警。 给出了减少开始和结束时以及在初始粗糙表面切割时的跳动上的假警报的技术。 该系统包括加速度计或其他传感器，其信号被预处理以衰减较低频率的机械噪声并检测低于100KHz的频带中的信号能量，然后采样，并且通过模式识别逻辑分析数字化信号样本。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4636780A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-13
申请号：US664188
申请日：1984-10-24
IPC分类号： B23Q17/09 , B23B47/24 , G05B19/4065 , G08B21/00
CPC分类号： G05B19/4065 , B23Q17/0971 , B23Q17/098 , G05B2219/37432 , G05B2219/37525
摘要： This tool break detection system relies on monitoring changes in the cutting noise itself, rather than detecting the tool fracture acoustic signal. A broken tool capable of damaging the workpiece is detected, and tool break events that do not affect cutting conditions are ignored. The signal from a sensor such as an accelerometer is preprocessed to attenuate low frequency machinery noise and detect the signal energy in a band below 100 KHz, then sampled, and the digitized signal samples analyzed by pattern recognition logic. Runout false alarms during rough surface cutting are prevented; after detection of an abrupt increase or decrease in signal level, the confirmation period to test for a persistent shift in mean level is set longer than the workpiece revolution period.
摘要翻译： 该断屑检测系统依赖于监测切割噪声本身的变化，而不是检测工具断裂声信号。 检测到能够损坏工件的破损刀具，忽略不影响切削条件的刀具断裂事件。 来自诸如加速度计的传感器的信号被预处理以衰减低频机械噪声并检测低于100KHz的频带中的信号能量，然后采样，并且通过模式识别逻辑分析数字化信号样本。 防止粗糙表面切割过程中的跳动误报; 在检测到信号电平的突然增加或减小之后，将平均电平的持续移位测试的确认期间设定为比工件转动周期长。
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公开(公告)号：US4631683A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-23
申请号：US645203
申请日：1984-08-29
IPC分类号： B23Q17/22 , G05B19/4065 , G06F15/46 , G01M7/00 , G01N24/04
CPC分类号： G05B19/4065 , G05B2219/37351
摘要： A system and method for monitoring vibrations of a machine tool metal-cutting tool insert and interpreting them to promptly detect the initial touch to the workpiece and signal the tool to stop advancing before marring the surface. The signal generated by a sensor such as an accelerometer is preprocessed to eliminate lower frequency machine noise and detect the energy in a higher frequency band, then sampled and analyzed by digital circuitry. In order to avoid false alarms on high amplitude spiky noise pulses generated by traverse operation of the machine tool, the tool touch alarm is delayed longer than the maximum duration of the noise pulses. Two techniques are given to ignore the noise spikes while still detecting the tool touch signal.
摘要翻译： 一种用于监测机床金属切削刀具插入件的振动的系统和方法，并且解释它们以及时检测对工件的初始触摸并且在损坏表面之前发出信号以停止前进。 由诸如加速度计的传感器产生的信号被预处理以消除较低频率的机器噪声并且检测较高频带中的能量，然后由数字电路采样和分析。 为了避免由机床的横动操作产生的高振幅尖峰噪声脉冲的误报，工具触摸报警延迟时间比噪声脉冲的最大持续时间长。 给出两种技术来忽略噪声尖峰，同时仍然检测到工具触摸信号。
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公开(公告)号：US20140038457A1
公开(公告)日：2014-02-06
申请号：US14046718
申请日：2013-10-04
申请人： Charles E. Thomas , Timothy Tremba
发明人： Charles E. Thomas , Timothy Tremba
IPC分类号： H01R13/627
CPC分类号： H01R9/0521 , H01R13/6277 , H01R24/28 , H01R24/38 , H01R2103/00
摘要： A coaxial cable connector is attachable to a coaxial cable. The connector, in one embodiment, includes a compressible component, a coupler and a slider. The slider is configured to cause compression of the compressible component.
摘要翻译： 同轴电缆连接器可连接到同轴电缆。 在一个实施例中，连接器包括可压缩部件，联接器和滑块。 滑块被配置为使可压缩部件压缩。
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公开(公告)号：US6050316A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-18
申请号：US105968
申请日：1998-06-26
CPC分类号： B31F1/2881 , B31F1/285
摘要： A single facer including a preheater for conditioning a paperboard web. The preheater is positioned upstream form a corrugating nip and includes an arcuate surface facing the web. A plurality of primary channels are disposed internally within the preheater in thermal communication with the arcuate surface. High pressure steam is supplied to the primary channels for heating the arcuate surface. A plurality of outlet ports extend within the preheater and are in fluid communication with the heated arcuate surface. Low pressure steam is released through the plurality of outlet ports thereby producing a steam film between the heated arcuate surface and the paperboard web. The steam film dramatically increases heat transfer to the paperboard web while also reducing frictional forces opposing movement of the web.
摘要翻译： 包括用于调节纸板网的预热器的单面。 预热器位于上游形成波纹压区并且包括面向幅材的弓形表面。 多个主通道设置在预热器的内部，与弓形表面热连通。 高压蒸汽供应到主通道以加热弓形表面。 多个出口在预热器内延伸并与加热的弧形表面流体连通。 低压蒸汽通过多个出口释放，从而在加热的弧形表面和纸板网之间产生蒸汽膜。 蒸汽膜显着地增加了对纸板网的热传递，同时还减少了与卷筒纸的运动相反的摩擦力。
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公开(公告)号：US5951817A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-14
申请号：US911592
申请日：1997-08-14
申请人： Charles E. Thomas
发明人： Charles E. Thomas
IPC分类号： B31F1/28
CPC分类号： B31F1/2877 , B31F1/2831 , B31F1/2863
摘要： A single facer including an auxiliary nip providing an adjustable auxiliary force acting upon a corrugated medium web and a liner web for effective bonding therebetween to form a single faced board is disclosed. An endless belt cooperates with a corrugating roll thereby defining a primary nip. The endless belt is guided over a plurality of belt rolls wherein one of the belt rolls defines an auxiliary nip for providing an auxiliary force pressing the endless belt and the liner web together with the flutes of the medium web. An adjustment means is provided for adjusting the auxiliary force within the auxiliary nip.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种单面，其包括辅助辊隙，其提供作用在波纹介质纤维网上的可调节的辅助力和衬垫幅材，以在其间有效地结合以形成单面板。 环形带与波纹辊协作，从而限定初始压区。 环形带被引导到多个带辊上，其中一个带辊限定了一个辅助压区，用于提供将环形带和衬垫腹板与介质腹板的凹槽一起的辅助力。 提供调节装置用于调节辅助压区内的辅助力。
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