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公开(公告)号：US4631683A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-23
申请号：US645203
申请日：1984-08-29
IPC分类号： B23Q17/22 , G05B19/4065 , G06F15/46 , G01M7/00 , G01N24/04
CPC分类号： G05B19/4065 , G05B2219/37351
摘要： A system and method for monitoring vibrations of a machine tool metal-cutting tool insert and interpreting them to promptly detect the initial touch to the workpiece and signal the tool to stop advancing before marring the surface. The signal generated by a sensor such as an accelerometer is preprocessed to eliminate lower frequency machine noise and detect the energy in a higher frequency band, then sampled and analyzed by digital circuitry. In order to avoid false alarms on high amplitude spiky noise pulses generated by traverse operation of the machine tool, the tool touch alarm is delayed longer than the maximum duration of the noise pulses. Two techniques are given to ignore the noise spikes while still detecting the tool touch signal.
摘要翻译： 一种用于监测机床金属切削刀具插入件的振动的系统和方法，并且解释它们以及时检测对工件的初始触摸并且在损坏表面之前发出信号以停止前进。 由诸如加速度计的传感器产生的信号被预处理以消除较低频率的机器噪声并且检测较高频带中的能量，然后由数字电路采样和分析。 为了避免由机床的横动操作产生的高振幅尖峰噪声脉冲的误报，工具触摸报警延迟时间比噪声脉冲的最大持续时间长。 给出两种技术来忽略噪声尖峰，同时仍然检测到工具触摸信号。
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2.发明授权Vibration-sensing tool break and touch detector optimized for machining conditions 失效针对加工条件优化的振动检测工具断裂和触摸检测器
公开(公告)号：US4724524A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-09
申请号：US744083
申请日：1985-06-12
IPC分类号： B23Q17/09 , G05B19/4065 , G06F15/46 , G08B23/00
CPC分类号： G05B19/4065 , B23Q17/0971 , G05B2219/37351
摘要： A Machine Tool Monitor detects significant cutting tool breakage and the first contact of an advancing tool to a workpiece, and does this by monitoring vibration signals produced by the machining of parts and interpreting patterns in these signals. Information from the part program improves the performance of the detector and optimizes it for the cutting conditions called for by the machine tool control. The analog channel gain of the monitor is adjusted and parameters controlling the digital pattern recognition logic are selected using part program information on machining parameters. The tool touch or tool break detection mode is selected by the part program.
摘要翻译： 机床监视器检测到显着的切割刀具断裂和前进工具对工件的第一次接触，并通过监视由零件的加工产生的振动信号和这些信号中的解释模式来实现。 来自零件程序的信息提高了检测器的性能，并优化了机床控制所要求的切割条件。 调整监视器的模拟通道增益，并使用加工参数的零件程序信息来选择控制数字模式识别逻辑的参数。 通过零件程序选择工具触摸或刀具断点检测模式。
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公开(公告)号：US4642617A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-10
申请号：US685005
申请日：1984-12-21
IPC分类号： B23Q17/09 , G01H1/00 , G05B19/4065 , G08B21/00
CPC分类号： G05B19/4065 , B23Q17/0971 , B23Q17/098 , G01H1/00
摘要： Substantial cutting condition changes that occur gradually, as opposed to the more usual sudden large change, are detected by setting upper and lower cutting noise mean level thresholds. When the mean cutting noise exceeds the upper threshold or stays below the lower threshold for a preset number of signal samples, a tool break alarm is generated. Techniques are given to reduce false alarms at the start and end of the cut and on runout on initial rough surface cuts. The system comprises an accelerometer or other sensor whose signal is preprocessed to attenuate lower frequency machinery noise and detect the signal energy in a band below 100 KHz, then sampled, and the digitized signal samples analyzed by pattern recognition logic.
摘要翻译： 通过设置上下切割噪声平均水平阈值来检测到与逐渐变大的突然变化相反的逐渐发生的重大切割条件变化。 当平均切割噪声超过上限阈值或者对于预设数量的信号样本保持低于下限阈值时，产生刀具断裂报警。 给出了减少开始和结束时以及在初始粗糙表面切割时的跳动上的假警报的技术。 该系统包括加速度计或其他传感器，其信号被预处理以衰减较低频率的机械噪声并检测低于100KHz的频带中的信号能量，然后采样，并且通过模式识别逻辑分析数字化信号样本。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4636780A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-13
申请号：US664188
申请日：1984-10-24
IPC分类号： B23Q17/09 , B23B47/24 , G05B19/4065 , G08B21/00
CPC分类号： G05B19/4065 , B23Q17/0971 , B23Q17/098 , G05B2219/37432 , G05B2219/37525
摘要： This tool break detection system relies on monitoring changes in the cutting noise itself, rather than detecting the tool fracture acoustic signal. A broken tool capable of damaging the workpiece is detected, and tool break events that do not affect cutting conditions are ignored. The signal from a sensor such as an accelerometer is preprocessed to attenuate low frequency machinery noise and detect the signal energy in a band below 100 KHz, then sampled, and the digitized signal samples analyzed by pattern recognition logic. Runout false alarms during rough surface cutting are prevented; after detection of an abrupt increase or decrease in signal level, the confirmation period to test for a persistent shift in mean level is set longer than the workpiece revolution period.
摘要翻译： 该断屑检测系统依赖于监测切割噪声本身的变化，而不是检测工具断裂声信号。 检测到能够损坏工件的破损刀具，忽略不影响切削条件的刀具断裂事件。 来自诸如加速度计的传感器的信号被预处理以衰减低频机械噪声并检测低于100KHz的频带中的信号能量，然后采样，并且通过模式识别逻辑分析数字化信号样本。 防止粗糙表面切割过程中的跳动误报; 在检测到信号电平的突然增加或减小之后，将平均电平的持续移位测试的确认期间设定为比工件转动周期长。
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公开(公告)号：US4636779A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-13
申请号：US664189
申请日：1984-10-24
IPC分类号： B23Q17/09 , G05B19/4065 , G08B21/00
CPC分类号： B23Q17/0957 , B23Q17/0971 , B23Q17/098 , G05B19/4065 , G05B2219/37351
摘要： A system and method for monitoring vibrations of a cutting tool produced by tool break events, and for interpreting them to detect tool breaks of sufficient magnitude to endanger the machined part. The signal generated by a sensor such as an accelerometer is preprocessed to attenuate low frequency machining noise and detect the energy in a higher frequency band, then sampled, and the digitized signal samples analyzed by tool break detection logic. This logic is triggered by a positive-going signal transient, and prevents false alarms on minor tool break events that do not mar the workpiece and on noise from other sources.
摘要翻译： 一种用于监测通过工具断裂事件产生的切削工具的振动的系统和方法，并且用于解释它们以检测足够大的刀具断裂以危及加工零件。 由诸如加速度计的传感器产生的信号被预处理以衰减低频加工噪声并且检测更高频带中的能量，然后进行采样，并且通过刀具断裂检测逻辑分析数字化信号样本。 该逻辑由正向信号瞬态触发，并且防止不损坏工件和来自其他源的噪声的次要工具断裂事件的虚假警报。
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公开(公告)号：US4831365A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-16
申请号：US153300
申请日：1988-02-05
IPC分类号： G05B19/4065
CPC分类号： G05B19/4065 , B23Q17/0952 , B23Q17/0961
摘要： Sharp tools have different cutting characteristics from dull or worn tools. Among these differences is that a wear land develops on the cutting tool so that more of the cutting tool comes into contact with the workpiece during the cutting process. The increased contact area between the tool and workpiece forces more energy to be consumed by the cutting machine in making a cut because more energy is expended in non-productive work. Indications of an increase in non-productive work are the increased power or force necessary to operate a spindle in lathes, milling machines, etc., and the increased energy in cutting vibrations in a low frequency range emitted during the cutting process. Another indication of decreased efficiency of the cutting process is the decreased energy in cutting vibrations in a high frequency range emitted during the cutting process. A method and apparatus are described for continuously monitoring a ratio of spindle force or power or low frequency vibration energy to high frequency vibration energy during the cutting process, and generating an output warning signal when the radio reaches a preselected level correlated with excessive tool wear.
摘要翻译： 锋利的工具具有不同的切割特性，从钝或磨损的工具。 这些差异在于，在切割工具上形成磨损区域，使得更多的切削工具在切割过程中与工件接触。 刀具和工件之间的增加的接触面积在切割机中产生更多的能量消耗，因为在非生产性工作中消耗更多的能量。 增加非生产性工作的迹象是在车床，铣床等中操作主轴所需的力量或力量的增加，以及在切割过程中发射的低频范围内切割振动的能量增加。 切割过程效率降低的另一个指示是在切割过程中发射的高频范围内的切割振动中的能量减少。 描述了一种用于在切割过程中连续监测主轴力或功率或低频振动能量与高频振动能量的比率的方法和装置，并且当无线电达到与过度的工具磨损相关的预选级别时，产生输出警告信号。
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7.发明授权High-speed metal cutting method and self-sharpening tool constructions and arrangements implementing same 失效高速金属切割方法和自动磨削工具的结构和布置实现相同
公开(公告)号：US4539875A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-10
申请号：US331341
申请日：1981-12-16
CPC分类号： B23B27/1629 , B23B2200/085 , B23B2200/125 , Y10T407/23 , Y10T407/27 , Y10T407/28 , Y10T409/300112 , Y10T82/10
摘要： A self-sharpening refractory metal cutting tool presenting an overhanging cutting portion, i.e. a flange, or ledge, of width equal to (or slightly greater than) the depth of the cut to be taken and maximum thickness equal to tolerable tool flank wear is disclosed. This tool construction has special utility in a novel high-speed cutting method in which only the tool flange does the cutting in which operation the flange is worn away with the wear progressing lengthwise of the flange during which time the flange sequentially performs a roughing cut and then a finishing cut in a single pass.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种自磨削难熔金属切削工具，其具有宽度等于（或稍大于）待切割深度的凸出切割部分，即凸缘或凸缘，并且最大厚度等于容许刀具侧面磨损 。 该工具结构在一种新型的高速切割方法中具有特殊用途，其中只有工具法兰进行切割，其中法兰被磨损的操作是随着法兰的纵向磨损而进行的，在此期间法兰顺序地进行粗切割， 然后在单程中完成裁剪。
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公开(公告)号：US4515746A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-07
申请号：US529783
申请日：1983-09-06
申请人： Milivoj K. Brun , Minyoung Lee , Lawrence E. Szala
发明人： Milivoj K. Brun , Minyoung Lee , Lawrence E. Szala
IPC分类号： C04B35/111 , C04B35/488 , C04B35/56 , C04B35/65 , C04B35/60
CPC分类号： C04B35/645 , C04B35/111 , C04B35/488 , C04B35/5607 , C04B35/5611 , C04B35/5622 , C04B35/563 , C04B35/65
摘要： A particulate mixture of ceramic powder, free carbon and a hydride of a metal selected from the group consisting of hafnium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, vanadium, zirconium and mixtures thereof is hot pressed decomposing the hydride and reacting the resulting metal with carbon producing a polycrystalline microcomposite comprised of a continuous phase of the carbide of the metal which encapsulates at least about 20% by volume of the ceramic particles and which either encapsulates or is intermixed with the balance of said ceramic particles.
摘要翻译： 将陶瓷粉末，游离碳和选自铪，铌，钽，钛，钒，锆及其混合物的金属的氢化物的颗粒混合物热压分解氢化物并使所得金属与碳反应，产生 多晶微复合材料包括金属碳化物的连续相，其包封至少约20体积％的陶瓷颗粒，并且其包封或与所述陶瓷颗粒的余量混合。
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公开(公告)号：US4416840A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-22
申请号：US332903
申请日：1981-12-21
申请人： Minyoung Lee , Lawrence E. Szala
发明人： Minyoung Lee , Lawrence E. Szala
IPC分类号： C04B35/111 , C04B35/117 , C04B35/00
CPC分类号： C04B35/117 , C04B35/111
摘要： A particulate dispersion of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, elemental non-diamond carbon and a titanium member selected from the group consisting of elemental titanium, TiH.sub.2 and mixtures thereof is formed into a compact and sintered producing a ceramic composite having a minimum Rockwell A hardness of about 92 and being comprised of an Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 phase and a substoichiometric titanium carbide phase.
摘要翻译： 将Al 2 O 3，元素非金刚石碳和选自元素钛，TiH 2及其混合物的钛成分的颗粒分散体形成为紧凑且烧结的，生产具有约92的最小洛氏硬度A的陶瓷复合材料，并且 由Al2O3相和亚化学计量碳化钛相组成。
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公开(公告)号：US4353714A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-12
申请号：US315332
申请日：1981-10-26
申请人： Minyoung Lee , Lawrence E. Szala
发明人： Minyoung Lee , Lawrence E. Szala
IPC分类号： B22F1/00 , B22F3/26 , B24D3/06 , B24D18/00 , B29C43/10 , C04B35/5831 , C04B35/626 , C22C1/05 , C22C29/16 , B24B1/00
CPC分类号： B29C43/10 , B22F3/26 , B24D18/00 , B24D18/0009 , B24D18/0027 , B24D3/06 , C04B35/5831 , B29C2043/106 , B29C2043/3628 , B29K2303/06
摘要： A well-bonded polycrystalline cubic boron nitride body is produced by providing the cubic boron nitride particles with a discontinuous coating of tungsten or molybdenum and then infiltrating them in a mass with molten silicon or silicon-base alloy.
摘要翻译： 通过向立方氮化硼颗粒提供钨或钼的不连续涂层，然后用熔融硅或硅基合金将其浸入物料中，制得良好结合的多晶立方氮化硼体。
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