摘要:
Disclosed is a switching circuit for balancing battery cells. The switching circuit includes plural pairs of switching means, each pair of which are connected to each other in parallel and interrupt a flow of electric current in a bi-direction in order to reduce the internal voltage applied to the switching means. According to the present invention, since the switching elements of low internal voltage can be used for the switching circuit, it is possible to constitute the switching circuit for cell balancing without use of switching elements of high internal voltage and to reduce the number of MOSFETs, thereby making it possible to design the switching circuit effectively. Since the MOSFETs having the low internal voltage and low resistance are used for the switching circuit, it is possible to reduce a loss of the electric current due to the resistance during the cell balancing, thereby improving the balancing efficiency and reducing heat generation.
摘要:
A login browser form allows a user to securely login to an account and access a web-based service at a server or server farm, referred to as a transaction node, without using a separate authentication or single sign-on server. A user is assigned to one of multiple transaction nodes as its home when the user enrolls in the web-based service. In a subsequent attempt to login, the user may land at the home transaction node or at a non-home transaction node. The transaction node serves the login browser form, including code to cause the web browser to transmit the user login id to the transaction node. If the transaction node determines that it is not the user's home, based on its records of user assignments, it identifies the home and configures the web browser to direct future communications to the home. The user's password is not sent to the non-home.
摘要:
A heat exchanger and a fin of the same are provided. The heat exchanger includes a tube, a plurality of fins, a slit section, and a condensed water guide. The tube is arranged in at least a front row and a rear row with respect to a direction of airflow. The plurality of fins is installed with the tube passing therethrough. The slit section is formed on the fins and includes a plurality of slits. The condensed water guide is formed between at least the front row and the rear row, for guiding a draining of condensed water that is generated on a surface of the tube. A fin of the heat exchanger includes a plurality of tube insert holes, a slit section, and a condensed water guide. A refrigerant tube is inserted in the plurality of tube insert holes. The slit section includes a plurality of slits formed around the tube insert holes. The condensed water guide is formed at a rear side of one of the slits, and guides a draining of condensed water generated in a heat exchange process between refrigerant and air.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a nonaqueous electrolyte solution containing new additives and a lithium secondary battery including the same. More particularly, the invention relates to a nonaqueous electrolyte solution containing a lithium salt, an electrolyte compound, a first additive compound with an oxidation initiation potential of more than 4.2 V, and a second additive compound with an oxidation initiation potential of more than 4.2 V, which is higher in oxidation initiation potential than the first additive, and deposits oxidative products or form a polymer film, in oxidation, as well as a lithium secondary battery including the same. The present invention can provide a lithium secondary battery excellent in both the battery performance and the battery safety in overcharge by the combined use of the first additive and the second battery as additives to the nonaqueous electrolyte solution.
摘要:
A membrane-electrode assembly in which an opening, a catalyst layer and a diffusing layer are placed within a cathode active region; a method for manufacturing the same; and a fuel cell system using the membrane-electrode assembly. The membrane-electrode assembly comprises: a cathode with a catalyst layer, an opening in the catalyst layer, and a diffusing layer; an anode with a catalyst layer and a diffusing layer; and an electrolyte membrane between the cathode and the anode. A hydrogen ion generated by oxidizing a liquid fuel is transferred to the cathode via the electrolyte membrane, and returns to the anode without reaction in the cathode, so that the hydrogen ion is reduced in the anode by receiving electrons from the anode, thereby generating hydrogen gas on the anode channel. The hydrogen gas is used as a high efficiency fuel, thereby enhancing the output performance of the fuel cell.
摘要:
A method of reproducing an audio file includes: reading an extension information of the audio file, the extension information of the audio file being separated but associated with audio data of the audio file; establishing a reproducing mode for reproducing the audio file based on the extension information; obtaining at least a part of the audio file under the established reproducing mode; and determining whether the audio file is reproducible under the established reproducing mode by checking whether the part of the audio file constructs a specific format stream corresponding to the established reproducing mode.
摘要:
A method of reproducing an audio file includes: applying a reproducing mode established based on an attribute information; obtaining at least a part of the audio file under the established reproducing mode; and determining whether the audio file is reproducible under the established reproducing mode by checking whether the part of the audio file constructs a specific format stream corresponding to the applied reproducing mode.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is an impact modifier for a polymer composition and a method of preparing the same. The impact modifier includes a core comprising a polyorganosiloxane, an acrylate polymer and a styrenic polymer; and a shell generally surrounding the core, the shell comprising a polymer attached to the core. The method includes providing a silicone rubber particle; adding a polymerizable styrenic compound into the silicone rubber particle; polymerizing the polymerizable styrenic compound within the particle to provide a styrenic polymer; adding a polymerizable acrylic compound into the silicone rubber particle; polymerizing the polymerizable acrylic compound within the silicone rubber particle to provide an acrylate polymer; and grafting a polymerizable compound onto the silicone rubber particle to provide a shell substantially surrounding the silicone rubber particle comprising the styrenic polymer and the acrylate polymer.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for producing a bulk amorphous alloy sheet with high quality at low production cost, by which an alloy melt can be directly transformed into a sheet form without using other additional processes. The method comprises preparing a melt containing alloy components; feeding the melt into a gap defined between two rolls, which rotate in opposite direction to each other, and each of which is provided with heat exchange means; and cooling the melt at a cooling rate higher than the critical cooling rate for transformation of the melt into an amorphous solid phase, when the melt passes through the gap defined between the two rolls. The present invention also provides an apparatus for producing a bulk amorphous alloy sheet with high quality at low production cost, and a bulk amorphous alloy sheet.
摘要:
When a vehicle location is estimated using only detection signals from a sensor unit installed on a vehicle since the value of dilution of precision (DOP) of a navigation message received by a GPS receiver is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold in a navigation system, the vehicle location is precisely estimated using a traveled distance, a travel angle difference, and lateral and longitudinal inclinations of the vehicle. The value of DOP of the navigation message received by the GPS receiver is compared with the predetermined threshold. If the value of DOP is less than the predetermined threshold, reference vehicle location information is set using the navigation message. If the value of DOP is equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold, the reference vehicle location information is set using vehicle location information just previously map-matched and the detection signals from the sensor unit. The vehicle location is estimated using the set reference vehicle location information and the detection signals from the sensor unit and then map-matched on a digital map stored in a map data storage unit, thereby displaying the map-matched results on a display unit.