公开(公告)号：US4271905A

公开(公告)日：1981-06-09

申请号：US13551

申请日：1979-02-21

Applicant: David A. Redford ,  Mohsen R. Hanna

Inventor： David A. Redford ,  Mohsen R. Hanna

IPC: C09K8/594 ,  E21B43/16 ,  E21B43/24

CPC classification number: E21B43/164 ,  C09K8/594 ,  E21B43/168 ,  E21B43/24 ,  Y02P90/70

Abstract: A process is provided for the recovery of hydrocarbons from a reservoir of heavy oil containing sands. An injection stream comprising steam, hydrocarbon diluent, and a gas which is gaseous at formation temperature and pressure and soluable in the formation fluids at injection pressure is injected into the reservoir to mobilize the heavy oil, producing a flow of formation fluids which is subsequently produced from the reservoir. Suitable gases include carbon dioxide and oxygen. Naphtha is a preferred diluent. The provision of both diluent and gaseous additives in the steam injection stream is shown to improve conformance within the reservoir to enhance ultimate recovery of hydrocarbons from the reservoir.

Abstract translation: 提供了从含有重油的砂的储层回收烃的方法。 包含蒸汽，烃稀释剂和在地层温度和压力下是气态且在注射压力下可溶解于地层流体中的气体的注入流被注入到储存器中以动员重油，产生随后产生的地层流体流 从水库。 合适的气体包括二氧化碳和氧气。 石脑油是优选的稀释剂。 在蒸汽注入流中提供稀释剂和气体添加剂都被证明能改善贮存器内的一致性，从而提高烃从贮存器的最终回收。

公开(公告)号：US4099566A

公开(公告)日：1978-07-11

申请号：US774292

申请日：1977-03-04

Applicant: David A. Redford

Inventor： David A. Redford

IPC: E21B43/243 ,  E21B43/40 ,  E21B43/24

CPC classification number: E21B43/40 ,  E21B43/243

Abstract: Solid hydrocarbon materials remaining in a subsurface earth formation such as, for example, the coke residue remaining in a subterranean tar sand deposit which has previously been exploited by means of a controlled oxidation process, is reignited and an oxygen-containing gas such as air is injected to burn the coke residue, thereby increasing the temperature of the sand or other formation matrix substantially. Water is then injected into the formation to absorb heat from the hot sand or formation matrix. Hot water and/or steam is thereby generated for use in thermal oil recovery methods in the immediate vicinity without the need for burning natural gas or other fuels which can be used more advantageously. Since the premeability of a tar sand formation is substantially greater at the conclusion of the controlled oxidaton reaction than it has initially, water containing appreciable solids suspended therein as well as minerals dissolved therein may be utilized without danger of plugging the formation, thus eliminating the cost of water treatment as would be required in conventional steam generation practice.

Abstract translation: 保留在地下地层中的固体烃物质例如残留在地下焦油砂沉积物中的焦炭残余物，其先前已经通过受控氧化方法被利用，并且含氧气体如空气被重新点燃 注入燃烧焦炭残渣，从而基本上增加了沙子或其他形成基质的温度。 然后将水注入地层以吸收热砂或地层基质的热量。 由此产生用于紧邻的热油回收方法的热水和/或蒸汽，而不需要燃烧更有利的天然气或其它燃料。 由于在受控氧化反应结束时焦油砂形成的可预测性比其最初的含量大得多，所以可以利用含有可溶性固体的水以及其中溶解的矿物，而不会堵塞地层的危险，从而消除了成本 的常规蒸汽发生实践中需要的水处理。

公开(公告)号：US3993132A

公开(公告)日：1976-11-23

申请号：US588124

申请日：1975-06-18

Applicant: Phillip J. Cram ,  David A. Redford

Inventor： Phillip J. Cram ,  David A. Redford

IPC: E21B43/16 ,  E21B43/243 ,  E21B43/24

CPC classification number: E21B43/164 ,  E21B43/243 ,  Y02P90/70

Abstract: A method for the recovery of low API gravity viscous oils or bitumen from a subterranean formation by the injection of a mixture of an oxygen-containing gas and steam having an optimum gas/steam ratio that is decreased as the cumulative amount of steam is increased.

Abstract translation: 通过注入含氧气体和蒸汽的混合物来回收低API重力粘性油或沥青的方法，该混合物具有当蒸汽的累积量增加时减少的最佳气体/蒸汽比。

公开(公告)号：US4532994A

公开(公告)日：1985-08-06

申请号：US517176

申请日：1983-07-25

Applicant: Petre Toma ,  David A. Redford ,  Declan B. Livesey ,  Roy M. Coates

Inventor： Petre Toma ,  David A. Redford ,  Declan B. Livesey ,  Roy M. Coates

IPC: E21B43/04 ,  E21B43/24 ,  E21B43/30

CPC classification number: E21B43/30 ,  E21B43/04 ,  E21B43/24

Abstract: A well completion and method for improving the productivity of hydrocarbon emulsion from a substrate layer which holds the hydrocarbon. The well completion includes an elongated substantially horizontally disposed liner, the walls of which are perforated to receive the emulsion from the substrate. Operationally, a flow of hot stimulating fluid is injected into the productive layer in a manner to achieve optimum penetration, as well as maximum horizontal sweep thereof. A flowable dam or gravel pack is disposed at the completion remote end and serves to pass a flow of stimulating fluid whereby to achieve the desirable distribution of said stimulating medium into the substrate. However, the gravel pack deters passage of emulsion back into the liner.

Abstract translation: 一种完善的方法，用于从保持烃的基底层提高烃乳液的生产率。 完井完成包括细长的基本上水平设置的衬里，其壁被穿孔以从衬底接收乳液。 在操作上，热刺激流体的流动以实现最佳穿透以及其最大水平扫掠的方式注入生产层。 在完成的远端处设置可流动的大坝或砾石包，并且用于通过刺激流体流，从而实现所述刺激介质到基底中的期望分布。 然而，砾石包装阻止了乳液通过衬里。

公开(公告)号：US4233840A

公开(公告)日：1980-11-18

申请号：US34233

申请日：1979-04-30

Applicant: Michael J. Goss ,  David A. Redford

Inventor： Michael J. Goss ,  David A. Redford

IPC: E21B49/00 ,  G01N33/24

CPC classification number: E21B49/005 ,  G01N33/24

Abstract: Method and apparatus for subjecting discrete core specimens which have been removed from a subterranean strata or formation, and which contain an amount of bitumen, to a test procedure whereby to evaluate the response of different subterranean formations to a specified recovery process.

Abstract translation: 将已经从地层或地层中除去并且含有一定量沥青的离散核心样品用于测试程序的方法和装置，以评估不同地层对特定恢复过程的响应。

公开(公告)号：US3978925A

公开(公告)日：1976-09-07

申请号：US481582

申请日：1974-06-21

Applicant: David A. Redford

Inventor： David A. Redford

IPC: E21B43/243 ,  E21B43/24

CPC classification number: E21B43/243

Abstract: A method for the recovery of low gravity viscous oils or bitumens from a subterranean formation by the injection of a mixture of an oxygen-containing gas and steam to establish a hot communications path, followed by a shutting in of the wells for a period to allow the oxygen to react with the oil or bitumen in the formation and thereafter recovering the oil or bitumens via the production well. The cycle may thereafter be repeated.

Abstract translation: 通过注入含氧气体和蒸汽的混合物来回收低重力粘性油或沥青从地下地层中恢复的方法，以建立热通信路径，随后关闭井一段时间以允许 氧气与地层中的油或沥青反应，然后通过生产井回收油或沥青。 此后可以重复循环。

公开(公告)号：US4046195A

公开(公告)日：1977-09-06

申请号：US588125

申请日：1975-06-18

Applicant: Phillip J. Cram ,  David A. Redford

Inventor： Phillip J. Cram ,  David A. Redford

IPC: E21B43/24 ,  E21B43/243

CPC classification number: E21B43/24 ,  E21B43/243

Abstract: A method for the recovery of low API gravity viscous oils or bitumen from a subterranean formation by the injection of steam followed by a mixture of an oxygen-containing gas and steam until an optimum amount of gas has been injected, followed by injection of steam alone.

Abstract translation: 一种通过注入蒸汽，接着加入含氧气体和蒸汽的混合物，直至注入最佳量的气体，然后单独注入蒸汽，从地下地层中回收低API重力粘性油或沥青的方法 。

公开(公告)号：US4006778A

公开(公告)日：1977-02-08

申请号：US481581

申请日：1974-06-21

Applicant: David A. Redford ,  Stephen M. Creighton

Inventor： David A. Redford ,  Stephen M. Creighton

IPC: E21B43/243 ,  E21B43/24

CPC classification number: E21B43/243

Abstract: A method for the recovery of low API gravity viscous oils or bitumens from a subterranean formation by the injection of a mixture of an oxygen-containing gas and steam at a temperature corresponding to the temperature of saturated steam at the pressure of the formation.

Abstract translation: 一种通过在对应于地层压力的饱和蒸汽温度的温度下注入含氧气体和蒸汽的混合物来从地下地层中回收低API重力粘稠油或沥青的方法。

公开(公告)号：US3974877A

公开(公告)日：1976-08-17

申请号：US483481

申请日：1974-06-26

Applicant: David A. Redford

Inventor： David A. Redford

IPC: C09K8/56 ,  E21B43/02 ,  E21B43/04 ,  E21B43/12

CPC classification number: E21B43/025 ,  C09K8/56 ,  E21B43/04

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for treating wells completed in subterranean formations to prevent the movement of unconsolidated sand particles from the formation into the well during recovery of formation fluid or away from the well during injection of an extraneous recovery fluid thereinto. The method is especially applicable to formations containing asphaltic or bituminous petroleum, such as tar sand deposits. In one embodiment, granular material such as sand or gravel is introduced into the formation adjacent to the well bore and saturated with bituminous or asphaltic petroleum. The bituminous petroleum naturally occurring in a tar sand material may be used, or bituminous petroleum may be pumped into the sand and gravel. Bituminous petroleum from tar sands is usually too viscous to be pumped in its natural state, so it must first be heated or diluted with a suitable solvent or incorporated into a bitumen-in-water emulsion prior to injection, with suitable subsequent treatment to evaporate the solvent or resolve the emulsion. Steam and air are injected in a controlled ratio to cause a low temperature, controlled oxidation to occur, creating a hydrocarbon cokelike material to form, which bonds the granular material together to form a permeable, rock-like substance which has sufficient permeability to permit flow of fluids therethrough but which has pore space of sufficiently small size to restrain movement of formation sand particles therethrough.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种处理在地下地层中完成的井的方法，以防止在回收地层流体期间或从井内注入外来的回收液体期间未固结的砂粒从地层中移动到井中。 该方法特别适用于含有沥青或沥青石油，如焦油砂沉积物的地层。 在一个实施例中，诸如沙子或砾石的颗粒材料被引入邻近井眼的地层中，并被沥青或沥青石油饱和。 可以使用天然存在于焦油砂材料中的沥青石油，或者可以将沥青石油泵入砂和砂砾中。 来自焦油砂的沥青石通常太粘稠，无法泵入其天然状态，因此必须首先用合适的溶剂进行加热或稀释，或者在注入之前将其掺入到水包油乳液中，并进行适当的随后处理以蒸发 溶剂或溶解乳液。 蒸汽和空气以受控的比例注入以引起低温，受控的氧化发生，产生形成的烃类似物质，将颗粒材料结合在一起形成可渗透的岩石状物质，其具有足够的渗透性以允许流动 的流体，但是具有足够小的孔隙空间以抑制地层砂粒子通过其移动。

公开(公告)号：US4121661A

公开(公告)日：1978-10-24

申请号：US837077

申请日：1977-09-28

Applicant: David A. Redford

Inventor： David A. Redford

IPC: E21B43/16 ,  E21B43/24

CPC classification number: E21B43/16 ,  E21B43/24

Abstract: Viscous petroleum may be recovered from viscous petroleum-containing formations such as tar sand deposits in a process employing a cyclical injection-production program in which first steam is injected and fluids are produced without restriction until live steam production occurs at the production well, followed by steam injection with production throttled until the formation pressure at the production well rises to a value between about 60% to 95% of the steam injection pressure, after which fluid production is permitted without restriction and steam injection is reduced to 50% or less of the original injection rate. The process should be applied to a viscous petroleum formation in which adequate communication exist or in which a communication path is first established. Optimum results are obtained if the pressurization and drawdown cycles are initiated shortly after the beginning of the steam injection program, and the benefits include substantially increased oil recovery efficiency at all values of steam pore volumes injected.

Abstract translation: 在使用循环注入生产程序的过程中，粘稠石油可以从粘稠的含石油的地层如焦油砂沉积物中回收，其中注入第一蒸汽，并且在生产井中直到产生活蒸汽产生时不限制流体，其次是 蒸汽注入生产节流，直到生产井的地层压力上升到蒸汽注入压力的约60％至95％之间，之后允许流体生产而不受限制，蒸汽注入降低至50％以下 原始注射率。 该过程应适用于其中存在充分通信或首先建立通信路径的粘性石油地层。 如果在蒸汽喷射程序开始后不久启动加压和牵引循环，则获得最佳结果，并且在所注入的蒸汽孔体积的所有值的情况下，益处包括显着提高的油回收效率。