公开(公告)号：US5539315A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-23

申请号：US410095

申请日：1995-03-24

申请人： David G. Cory ,  Joel T. Lewandowski ,  Werner E. Maas

发明人： David G. Cory ,  Joel T. Lewandowski ,  Werner E. Maas

IPC分类号： G01R33/34 ,  G01R33/20

CPC分类号： G01R33/3635 ,  G01R33/34053 ,  G01R33/3415 ,  G01R33/34092

摘要： A nuclear magnetic resonance cross polarization probe uses a dual-coil arrangement in which a single-turn inner coil is surrounded by a solenoid coil. The inner coil is tuned to the frequency of a relatively high Larmor frequency nuclei type, such as proton. The solenoid coil is tuned to a lower Larmor frequency nuclei type. An inner sample region surrounded by the inner coil has a first magnetic field component induced by an electrical signal at the relatively high frequency in the inner coil. An electrical signal at the lower frequency is input to the solenoid coil and results in the generation of a magnetic field alternating at the lower frequency. This field induces a current in the inner coil at the lower frequency that, in turn, induces a magnetic field component in the inner region at the lower frequency. Because the structure of the relatively high magnetic field component and the lower magnetic field component in the inner region are both dictated by the shape of the inner coil, a good spatial matching of the fields is obtained resulting in a good Hartman-Hahn match across the sample volume.

摘要翻译： 核磁共振交叉极化探针使用双线圈装置，其中单匝内线圈被电磁线圈包围。 内部线圈被调谐到相对较高的拉莫尔频率核型（例如质子）的频率。 电磁线圈调谐到较低的拉莫尔频率核型。 由内部线圈围绕的内部采样区域具有由内部线圈中较高频率的电信号感应的第一磁场分量。 较低频率的电信号被输入到螺线管线圈，并导致在较低频率下交替的磁场的产生。 该场以较低频率在内部线圈中感应出电流，这又导致较低频率的内部区域中的磁场分量。 由于内部区域的相对较高的磁场分量和较低的磁场分量的结构都是由内部线圈的形状决定的，所以获得了良好的场的空间匹配，从而导致了整个的Hartman-Hahn匹配 样品量。

公开(公告)号：US5872452A

公开(公告)日：1999-02-16

申请号：US794477

申请日：1997-02-04

申请人： David G. Cory ,  Joel T. Lewandowski

发明人： David G. Cory ,  Joel T. Lewandowski

IPC分类号： G01R33/30 ,  G01R33/385 ,  G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/307 ,  G01R33/385

摘要： A gradient magnetic field generator is provided for generating a spatially varying gradient magnetic field for use with a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy probe having a rotatable sample container. The gradient field generator has a plurality of straight line conductive segments which lie parallel to one another and perpendicular to a plane within which lies a rotation axis about which the sample container rotates. The straight line conductive segments each conduct a current which generates a component of the overall gradient magnetic field. The conductive segments preferably lie in a cylindrical distribution about a stator within which the sample container is rotated. The appropriate currents for the conductive segments may be determined by finding a solution for the Jacobian which defines the magnetic field variations in the three-dimensional space of the stator. Finding an appropriate solution is simplified by presuming the cylindrical distribution of conductive segments and allowing restriction due to the size and shape of the stator, and the physical space between the stator and an inner surface of the probe housing.

摘要翻译： 提供梯度磁场发生器用于产生用于具有可旋转样品容器的核磁共振光谱探测器的空间变化梯度磁场。 梯度场发生器具有多个直线导电段，它们彼此平行并且垂直于其中位于样品容器旋转的旋转轴线的平面。 直线导电段各自传导产生总梯度磁场分量的电流。 导电段优选位于围绕定子的圆柱形分布中，样品容器在其中旋转。 可以通过找到定义定子的三维空间中的磁场变化的雅可比方程来确定导电段的适当电流。 通过假设导电段的圆柱形分布并且由于定子的尺寸和形状以及定子和探针壳体的内表面之间的物理空间而允许限制，可以简化寻找合适的解决方案。

公开(公告)号：US5546000A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-13

申请号：US409641

申请日：1995-03-24

申请人： Werner E. Maas ,  David G. Cory ,  Frank H. Laukien

发明人： Werner E. Maas ,  David G. Cory ,  Frank H. Laukien

IPC分类号： G01R33/36 ,  G01R33/20

CPC分类号： G01R33/3671 ,  G01R33/3628 ,  G01R33/3621

摘要： A method of reducing radiation damping during free induction decay in NMR measurements of samples having a narrow line width uses the active switching of the quality factor value of the coil circuit of an NMR detection probe. After application of an excitation pulse to the sample, data acquisition is accomplished in periodic samples. The Q of the coil circuit is set to a high value while each sample is being taken, but is reduced significantly in between samples by detuning the coil circuit. Minimization of the high-Q state of the coil circuit and maximization of the difference between the high Q value and the low Q value greatly decrease the detrimental effects of radiation damping on free induction decay. The coil circuit Q is modified automatically by the application of a Q switching signal generated by a controller, such as a computer which controls other aspect of the NMR experiment.

摘要翻译： 在具有窄线宽的样品的NMR测量中，在自由感应衰减期间减小辐射阻尼的方法使用NMR检测探针的线圈电路的品质因数值的有效切换。 在向样品施加激发脉冲之后，在周期性样品中完成数据采集。 线圈电路的Q值被设定为高值，而每个样品被取出，但是通过使线圈电路失谐而在样品之间显着降低。 线圈电路的高Q状态的最小化和高Q值与低Q值之差的最大化大大降低了辐射阻尼对自由感应衰减的有害影响。 线圈电路Q通过应用由控制器（诸如控制NMR实验的另一方面的计算机）产生的Q开关信号而自动修改。

公开(公告)号：US5521504A

公开(公告)日：1996-05-28

申请号：US177761

申请日：1994-01-04

申请人： David G. Cory ,  Frank H. Laukien ,  Werner E. Maas

发明人： David G. Cory ,  Frank H. Laukien ,  Werner E. Maas

IPC分类号： G01R33/46 ,  G01R33/48 ,  G01R33/483 ,  G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/446 ,  G01R33/46 ,  G01R33/4831

摘要： A composite RF pulse is created from a sequence of conventional homogeneous RF pulses and conventional gradient RF pulses and the composite pulse generates a gradient magnetic field with a spatially varying amplitude, but a spatially independent phase. In one embodiment of the invention, the pulse sequence consists of four conventional gradient RF pulses interspersed with two conventional homogeneous RF pulses. In another embodiment of the invention, a conventional gradient RF pulse is combined with a conventional homogeneous RF pulse and the pulse pair is repeated in order to generate an effective magnetic field with a spatially varying amplitude, but a spatially independent phase.

摘要翻译： 复合RF脉冲是从传统的均匀RF脉冲序列和常规梯度RF脉冲序列产生的，并且复合脉冲产生具有空间变化幅度但空间上独立相位的梯度磁场。 在本发明的一个实施例中，脉冲序列由散布有两个常规均匀RF脉冲的四个常规梯度RF脉冲组成。 在本发明的另一个实施例中，传统的梯度RF脉冲与传统的均匀RF脉冲组合，并且重复脉冲对以便产生具有空间变化幅度但空间上独立相位的有效磁场。

公开(公告)号：US5532594A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-02

申请号：US223699

申请日：1994-04-06

申请人： David G. Cory ,  Werner E. Maas

发明人： David G. Cory ,  Werner E. Maas

IPC分类号： G01R33/46 ,  G01R33/483 ,  G01R33/20

CPC分类号： G01R33/4608

摘要： B.sub.1 (RF) gradient echo pulse sequences are combined with frequency-selective pulse sequences to selectively suppress a solvent resonance signal by preventing the formation of an echo for the solvent resonance, while allowing the formation of an echo for the sample resonances under study. The RF gradient pulses may be planar or radial pulses. A pulse sequence for suppressing a solvent resonance signal in NMR experiments comprises a pair of (RF) gradient pulses which sandwich a selective inversion pulse sequence. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, the RF gradient pulses are anti-symmetric (have opposite phase) and the selective inversion pulse sequence comprises a homogeneous frequency-selective inversion pulse, such as a .pi. pulse, applied in time between the two RF gradient pulses. In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the RF gradient pulses are symmetric (have the same phase) and the selective inversion pulse sequence comprises a pulse sequence which has an excitation profile with a null at the frequency of the resonance to be suppressed.

摘要翻译： B1（RF）梯度回波脉冲序列与频率选择脉冲序列组合，以通过阻止形成用于溶剂共振的回波而选择性地抑制溶剂共振信号，同时允许形成用于所研究的样品共振的回波。 RF梯度脉冲可以是平面或径向脉冲。 在NMR实验中用于抑制溶剂共振信号的脉冲序列包括夹着选择性反转脉冲序列的一对（RF）梯度脉冲。 根据本发明的一个实施例，RF梯度脉冲是反对称的（具有相反的相位），并且选择性反转脉冲序列包括均匀的频率选择性反转脉冲，诸如在两个RF之间的时间上施加的pi脉冲 梯度脉冲。 根据本发明的另一个实施例，RF梯度脉冲是对称的（具有相同的相位），并且选择性反转脉冲序列包括脉冲序列，该脉冲序列具有要抑制的谐振频率处的零点的激励分布。

公开(公告)号：US5325058A

公开(公告)日：1994-06-28

申请号：US30511

申请日：1993-03-12

申请人： David G. Cory ,  Frank H. Laukien ,  Werner E. Maas

发明人： David G. Cory ,  Frank H. Laukien ,  Werner E. Maas

IPC分类号： G01R33/46 ,  G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/4608

摘要： Coherence transformation selectivity is improved by using combinations of homogeneous RF pulses and "radial" RF pulses that have a uniform RF field strength throughout the sample, but whose phase (relative to the detection coil phase) has a spatial dependence such that all possible phase differences are equally represented throughout the sample. The use of radial pulses allows the spin coherences in the sample to evolve in spatial waves and the observation, or suppression, of a given coherence can be selected by using a receiver coil which has a predetermined symmetry relative to the symmetry of the spatial wave.

摘要翻译： 通过使用在整个样本中具有均匀RF场强的均匀RF脉冲和“径向”RF脉冲的组合，但是其相位（相对于检测线圈相位）具有空间依赖性使得所有可能的相位差 在整个样品中同样代表。 使用径向脉冲允许样品中的自旋相干在空间波中演化，并且可以通过使用相对于空间波的对称性具有预定对称性的接收器线圈来选择给定相干的观察或抑制。

公开(公告)号：US5323113A

公开(公告)日：1994-06-21

申请号：US30693

申请日：1993-03-12

申请人： David G. Cory ,  Frank H. Laukien ,  Werner E. Maas

发明人： David G. Cory ,  Frank H. Laukien ,  Werner E. Maas

IPC分类号： G01R33/34 ,  G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/34069 ,  G01R33/34061

摘要： An NMR probe is designed to generate both a homogeneous RF field over the sample volume and, alternatively, a "radial" field comprising two orthogonal gradient fields generated simultaneously in the transverse plane or a linear gradient field. The homogeneous field is generated by means of a known homogeneous coil construction, such as a Helmholtz coil or modified Helmholtz coil. The radial field can be generated by means of an inverted Helmholtz coil, either modified or unmodified, and the linear field can be generated by a Golay type coil, which coils are positioned coaxially with the homogeneous coil. The two coils are connected in parallel to the RF signal generator and switching can be accomplished either by means of an active switch or by detuning one of the coil resonant circuits when the other coil is in use.

摘要翻译： NMR探针被设计成在样本体积上产生均匀的RF场，或者可选地，包括在横向平面中同时产生的两个正交梯度场或线性梯度场的“径向”场。 均匀场通过已知的均匀线圈结构产生，例如亥姆霍兹线圈或改进的亥姆霍兹线圈。 径向场可以通过反转的亥姆霍兹线圈产生，其被修改或未修改，并且线性场可以由Golay型线圈产生，该线圈与均匀线圈同轴地定位。 两个线圈并联连接到RF信号发生器，并且切换可以通过有源开关来实现，或者当使用另一个线圈时使线圈谐振电路中的一个失谐。

公开(公告)号：US5317263A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-31

申请号：US32612

申请日：1993-03-17

申请人： David G. Cory ,  Werner E. Maas

发明人： David G. Cory ,  Werner E. Maas

IPC分类号： G01R33/46 ,  G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/4608

摘要： A composite RF pulse for NMR experiments is created by applying to a sample a radial pulse followed by a .pi. homogeneous pulse. The radial pulse has a uniform RF field strength throughout the sample and a phase relative to the detection coil phase with a spatial dependence such that all possible phase differences are equally represented throughout the sample. The composite pulse converts the radial RF pulse into a spatially-varying z rotation. The creation of a spatially-varying composite z pulse based on a radial pulse allows for a simple and direct application of a radial pulse in a manner analogous to many known B.sub.0 gradient NMR experiments (such as multiple-quantum filters, quadrature detection, and solvent suppression).

摘要翻译： 用于核磁共振实验的复合RF脉冲是通过向样本施加径向脉冲，然后是pi均匀脉冲而产生的。 径向脉冲在整个采样中具有均匀的RF场强，并且具有相对于具有空间依赖性的检测线圈相位的相位，使得在整个样本中均等地表示所有可能的相位差。 复合脉冲将辐射RF脉冲转换成空间变化的z旋转。 基于径向脉冲的空间变化的复合z脉冲的创建允许以类似于许多已知的B0梯度NMR实验（例如多量子滤波器，正交检测和溶剂）的方式简单且直接地施加径向脉冲 抑制）。

公开(公告)号：US09663358B1

公开(公告)日：2017-05-30

申请号：US13533390

申请日：2012-06-26

申请人： David G. Cory ,  Troy W. Borneman ,  Christopher E. Granade

发明人： David G. Cory ,  Troy W. Borneman ,  Christopher E. Granade

IPC分类号： G06F15/00 ,  G06F7/38 ,  G06F9/00 ,  G06F9/44 ,  B82Y10/00

CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 ,  G06F7/38 ,  G06F9/00 ,  G06N99/002 ,  H04L9/0855

摘要： A quantum information processor can include a control system and a system of processor nodes. Each of the processor nodes can include multiple qubits and an actuator. The control system can manipulate the qubits of multiple processor nodes based on cross-node quantum interactions between the qubits. In some instances, the control system may perform multi-qubit quantum gates on qubits of different processor nodes based on the cross-node quantum interactions. Within each processor node, the qubits interact with the actuator by an intra-node quantum coupling. Between processor nodes, the actuators interact with each other by an inter-node quantum coupling. The cross-node quantum interaction can be produced by non-commutivity of the intra-node quantum couplings and the inter-node quantum couplings. In some instances, the qubits can be manipulated by applying a control sequence that produces an interaction frame where the cross-node quantum interaction dominates the time evolution of the system.

公开(公告)号：US5260655A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-09

申请号：US860847

申请日：1992-03-31

申请人： David G. Cory

发明人： David G. Cory

IPC分类号： G01R33/54 ,  G01R33/20

CPC分类号： G01R33/4816

摘要： In an NMR solid-state imaging experiment, second averaging is carried out during the experiment to reduce the effects of unwanted interactions that obscure the results of an interaction of interest. The second averaging is arranged so that the second averaging interaction and the interaction of interest are along the same axis, but are separated in time. The second averaging interaction is further designed to introduce a multiple of .pi./2 phase offset between applications of the interaction of interest. In this way, even when the sum of the actual resonance frequency and the second averaging frequency are zero, the spin dynamics are still modulated and a second averaging takes place.An additional advantage is provided in that the resonance frequency can be sampled in such a fashion that the second averaging frequency does not appear in the observed resonance frequency.