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    Strengthening, crack arrest and multiple cracking in brittle materials using residual stresses
    1.
    发明授权
    Strengthening, crack arrest and multiple cracking in brittle materials using residual stresses 有权
    使用残余应力加强脆性材料的裂纹停止和多次开裂

    公开(公告)号：US06516634B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-02-11

    申请号：US09502284

    申请日：2000-02-11

    申请人： David J. Green ,  Vincenzo M. Sglavo ,  Rajan Tandon

    发明人： David J. Green ,  Vincenzo M. Sglavo ,  Rajan Tandon

    IPC分类号： C03C1500

    CPC分类号： G01L1/06 ,  C03C21/00 ,  C03C21/002 ,  C03C23/00 ,  C03C23/0055 ,  C03C23/007 ,  G01L5/0047

    摘要： Embodiments include a method for forming a glass which displays visible cracking prior to failure when subjected to predetermined stress level that is greater than a predetermined minimum stress level and less than a failure stress level. The method includes determining a critical flaw size in the glass and introducing a residual stress profile to the glass so that a plurality of visible cracks are formed prior to failure when the glass is subjected to a stress that is greater than the minimum stress level and lower than the critical stress. One method for forming the residual stress profile includes performing a first ion exchange so that a first plurality of ions of a first element in the glass are exchanged with a second plurality of ions of a second element that have a larger volume than the first ions. A second ion exchange is also performed so that a plurality of the second ions in the glass are exchanged back to ions of the first element.

    摘要翻译： 实施例包括一种形成玻璃的方法，该玻璃在受到大于预定的最小应力水平且小于故障应力水平的预定应力水平时，在故障之前显示可见裂纹。 该方法包括确定玻璃中的临界裂纹尺寸并向玻璃引入残余应力分布，使得当玻璃受到大于最小应力水平的应力并且较低的应力时，在失效之前形成多个可见裂纹 比临界压力大。 用于形成残余应力分布的一种方法包括执行第一离子交换，使得玻璃中的第一元素的第一多个离子与具有比第一离子更大的体积的第二元素的第二多个离子交换。 还执行第二离子交换，使得玻璃中的多个第二离子被交换回第一元素的离子。

    Ceramic check for a fuel injector
    3.
    发明授权
    Ceramic check for a fuel injector 有权
    陶瓷检查燃油喷射器

    公开(公告)号：US06173913B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-01-16

    申请号：US09383287

    申请日：1999-08-25

    申请人： Scott F. Shafer ,  Rajan Tandon ,  Jayant B. Gondalia

    发明人： Scott F. Shafer ,  Rajan Tandon ,  Jayant B. Gondalia

    IPC分类号： F02M5900

    CPC分类号： F02M61/166 ,  F02M61/10 ,  Y10S239/19

    摘要： A fuel injector nozzle assembly comprises a nozzle defining a guide bore, a fuel pressurization chamber, a seat, and a nozzle orifice. A check valve member has an impact area and a guide portion. The guide portion slides within the guide bore to allow the check valve member to slide between an open position and a closed position. In the open position the fuel pressurization chamber is in fluid communication with the nozzle orifice. In the closed position the impact area of the check valve member is pressing against the seat of the nozzle, and the check valve member is blocking fluid communication between the fuel pressurization chamber and the nozzle orifice. The check valve member comprises a ceramic material having a coefficient of thermal expansion &agr;>8×10−6/° C. when averaged over a temperature range of 0° C. to 300° C.

    摘要翻译： 燃料喷射器喷嘴组件包括限定导向孔，燃料加压室，座和喷嘴孔的喷嘴。 止回阀构件具有冲击区域和引导部分。 引导部分在引导孔内滑动，以允许止回阀构件在打开位置和关闭位置之间滑动。 在打开位置，燃料加压室与喷嘴孔流体连通。 在关闭位置，止回阀构件的冲击面积压在喷嘴的座上，止回阀构件阻止燃料加压室和喷嘴孔之间的流体连通。 止回阀构件包括在0℃至300℃的温度范围内平均时具有> 8×10 -6 /℃的热膨胀系数的陶瓷材料。