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公开(公告)号：US09677956B2
公开(公告)日：2017-06-13
申请号：US13509425
申请日：2010-11-11
IPC分类号： G02B6/02 , G01N9/00 , G01N21/47 , G01L1/24 , G01D5/353 , G01H9/00 , G01L11/02 , G02B6/44 , G02B6/032
CPC分类号： G01L1/243 , G01D5/3538 , G01H9/004 , G01L11/025 , G01V1/208 , G01V1/52 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/443 , G02B2006/0325
摘要： Fiber optic cables with improved performance for use in distributed sensing, for instance in distributed acoustic sensors, are disclosed. In one embodiment a fiber optic cable (210) comprises a core (208) and cladding (206) disposed within a buffer material (202) and surrounded by a jacket (204) and arranged so that the core is offset from the center of the cable. By offsetting the core from the center of the jacket any bending effects on the core can be maximised compared with the core being located at the center of the cable.
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公开(公告)号：US20120222487A1
公开(公告)日：2012-09-06
申请号：US13509425
申请日：2010-11-11
CPC分类号： G01L1/243 , G01D5/3538 , G01H9/004 , G01L11/025 , G01V1/208 , G01V1/52 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/443 , G02B2006/0325
摘要： Fibre optic cables with improved performance for use in distributed sensing, for instance in distributed acoustic sensors, are disclosed. In one embodiment a fibre optic cable (210) comprises a core (208) and cladding (206) disposed within a buffer material (202) and surrounded by a jacket (204) and arranged so that the core is offset from the centre of the cable. By offsetting the core from the centre of the jacket any bending effects on the core can be maximised compared with the core being located at the centre of the cable.
摘要翻译： 公开了在分布式感测中使用具有改进性能的光缆，例如在分布式声学传感器中。 在一个实施例中，光纤电缆（210）包括设置在缓冲材料（202）内并由护套（204）围绕的芯体（208）和包层（206），并布置成使得芯部从 电缆。 通过将芯从夹套的中心偏移，与位于电缆中心的芯相比，可以最大限度地提高芯的弯曲效果。
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公开(公告)号：US09599489B2
公开(公告)日：2017-03-21
申请号：US12282784
申请日：2007-03-08
CPC分类号： G01D5/35383 , G01D5/35303
摘要： A fiber-optic sensor array (100) comprises a line array of fiber-optic sensor packages (AX, BX, CX, DX, AY, BY, CY, DY, AZ, BZ, CZ, DZ) each having a package input/output (i/o) fiber and each being arranged to output a finite output pulse series of optical output pulses via the package i/o fiber in response to input thereto of one or more interrogating optical pulses. The array further comprises a fiber-optic bus (104,106, 108, 110) extending along the length of the line array, each package i/o fiber being optically coupled to the fiber-optic bus at a respective positions along the line array. The array allows interrogation at a higher frequency than is the case for a serial array of the same number of fiber-optic sensing packages.
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公开(公告)号：US09739645B2
公开(公告)日：2017-08-22
申请号：US13509415
申请日：2010-11-11
CPC分类号： G01D5/35361 , G01D5/35348
摘要： A method of distributed fiber optic sensing is described in which an optical fiber (104) is interrogated with electromagnetic radiation; back-scattered radiation is detected; and the returns are processed to provide a measurement signal (310) for each of a plurality of longitudinal sensing portions of the optical fiber. The method comprises analyzing the measurement signals of a first subset of longitudinal sensing portions to provide a first zone (306a) having a first sensing function and analyzing the measurement signals of at least a second subset of longitudinal sensing portions to provide at least a second zone (306b) having a second, different, sensing function. The different sensing functions may include detecting different events of interest. In some embodiments the geometry of the fiber may provide different sensing zones (406a, 406b).
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公开(公告)号：US20110139538A1
公开(公告)日：2011-06-16
申请号：US13059806
申请日：2009-08-20
IPC分类号： G01S15/00
摘要： Methods and apparatus for tracking objects in conduits, especially for tracking the movement of a pig in a pipeline, are disclosed. Distributed acoustic sensing is used to obtain signal returns from a plurality of discrete longitudinal sensing portions of a fibre optic cable which is laid along the length of the conduit. The method involves detecting an acoustic signature corresponding to the object moving in the conduit. The acoustic signature may comprise a series of pressure pulses caused by the object traversing joints etc. in the conduit. Preferably the method involves detecting pressure waves caused by the object as it moves through the conduit. Detecting the characteristic pressure wave signal provides discrimination of the object from other acoustic disturbances. In pipeline applications a pig can be tracked in real time, if the pig stops moving an alert can be generated and the location of the pig will be known.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于跟踪管道中的物体的方法和装置，特别是用于跟踪管道中的猪的运动。 分布式声学感测用于从沿着导管长度放置的光纤电缆的多个离散的纵向感测部分获得信号返回。 该方法涉及检测对应于在导管中移动的对象的声学签名。 声学特征可以包括由导管中的物体横穿接头等引起的一系列压力脉冲。 优选地，该方法包括检测由物体在通过导管移动时引起的压力波。 检测特征压力波信号提供对象与其他声学干扰的区别。 在管道应用中，可以实时跟踪猪，如果猪停止移动，则可以产生警报，并且知道猪的位置。
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公开(公告)号：US20110069302A1
公开(公告)日：2011-03-24
申请号：US12883755
申请日：2010-09-16
摘要： A method for monitoring for seismic events by interrogating an optic fibre which forms part of an existing communications infrastructure to provide distributed acoustic sensing (DAS). The signals provided by the distributed sensing provide measurements at each of a plurality of discrete portions along the fibre, which may be many tens of kilometres in length. Warning or measurement and consequently prediction of seismic activity can be provided by collecting data over a wide area, without the need to deploy a correspondingly large fibre network.
摘要翻译： 通过询问形成现有通信基础设施的一部分以提供分布式声学感测（DAS）的光纤来监测地震事件的方法。 由分布式感测提供的信号在沿着光纤的多个离散部分中的每一个处提供测量，其长度可以是数十公里。 可以通过在广泛的区域收集数据来提供地震活动的警告或测量，从而预测地震活动，而无需部署相应的大型光纤网络。
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公开(公告)号：US09625348B2
公开(公告)日：2017-04-18
申请号：US13059810
申请日：2009-08-21
摘要： This invention relates to the fiber optic distributed acoustic sensing to detect P and S waves in a solid medium. Distributed acoustic sensing can be achieved using an unmodified fiber optic by launching optical pulses into the fiber and detecting radiation which is Rayleigh backscattered there from. By analyzing the returns in analysis bins, acoustic disturbances can be detected in a plurality of discrete longitudinal sections of the fiber. The present invention extends such fiber distributed acoustic sensing to detection of S and P waves.
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公开(公告)号：US09617848B2
公开(公告)日：2017-04-11
申请号：US13320884
申请日：2010-05-27
CPC分类号： E21B47/16 , E21B43/11857 , E21B43/26 , E21B47/101 , E21B47/123 , G01H9/004 , G01V1/50 , G01V2210/1429 , G01V2210/646
摘要： This application describes methods and apparatus for downhole monitoring in real-time. The method involves interrogating an unmodified optic fiber (102) arranged along the path of a well bore (106) to provide a distributed acoustic sensor and sampling data gathered from a plurality of sensing portions of the fiber. The sampled data is then processed to provide a real-time indication of the acoustic signals detected by the sensing portions of the fiber. The real-time indication provides information to an operator or controller of the downwell process with real-time feedback data regarding what is happening during the downwell process which allows the identification of any problems and adjustment of the process parameters.
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公开(公告)号：US20130233537A1
公开(公告)日：2013-09-12
申请号：US13988839
申请日：2011-11-30
IPC分类号： E21B43/26
CPC分类号： E21B47/101 , E21B43/26 , E21B43/267 , E21B47/123 , E21B49/00
摘要： This application relates to methods and apparatus for monitoring hydraulic fracturing in well formation and fracture characterisation using distributed acoustic sensing (DAS). The method involves interrogating a optic fibre (102) arranged down the path of a bore hole (106) to provide a distributed acoustic sensor and also monitoring flow properties of fracturing fluid pumped (114) into the well. The acoustic data from the distributed acoustic sensor is processed together with the flow properties data to provide an indication of at least one fracture characteristic.
摘要翻译： 本申请涉及使用分布式声学传感（DAS）监测井形成和裂缝特征的水力压裂的方法和装置。 该方法包括询问沿钻孔（106）的路径布置的光纤（102），以提供分布式声学传感器，并且还监测泵送到井中的压裂流体（114）的流动性质。 来自分布式声学传感器的声学数据与流量特性数据一起被处理以提供至少一个断裂特征的指示。
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公开(公告)号：US20120230628A1
公开(公告)日：2012-09-13
申请号：US13509402
申请日：2010-11-12
IPC分类号： G02B6/00
CPC分类号： G01D5/353 , G01D5/35361 , G02B6/00
摘要： The invention relates to a distributed fibre optic sensor (104, 106) having a first spatial resolution (301, 303) and a second, different, spatial resolution (302, 304). The sensor, which may be a distributed acoustic sensor, has an optical source (112) configured to interrogate an optical fibre (104) with optical radiation and a detector (116) configured to detected optical radiation back-scattered from within the fibre. A processor (108) is configured to process the detected back-scatter radiation to provide a plurality of longitudinal sensing portions of fibre. The optical source and processor are adapted to provide the first and second spatial resolutions, for instance by changing the duration and/or separation of the optical pulses and analysis bins. The first and second spatial resolutions may be provided sequentially or simultaneously and the spatial resolution used may be varied as part of a default pattern or in response to a detection event.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有第一空间分辨率（301,303）和第二不同的空间分辨率（302,304）的分布式光纤传感器（104,106）。 可以是分布式声学传感器的传感器具有被配置为用光辐射来询问光纤（104）的光源（112）和被配置为检测从光纤内部反向散射的光辐射的检测器（116）。 处理器（108）被配置为处理检测到的反向散射辐射以提供光纤的多个纵向感测部分。 光源和处理器适于提供第一和第二空间分辨率，例如通过改变光脉冲和分析箱的持续时间和/或分离。 可以顺序地或同时地提供第一和第二空间分辨率，并且使用的空间分辨率可以作为默认模式的一部分或响应于检测事件而变化。
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