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公开(公告)号：US08682171B1
公开(公告)日：2014-03-25
申请号：US12485440
申请日：2009-06-16
IPC分类号： H04B10/11
CPC分类号： H04B10/11 , H04B10/0795 , H04B10/1123 , H04B10/1125 , H04J14/02 , H04Q11/0067 , H04Q2011/0026 , H04Q2011/0081
摘要： A communication system includes a plurality of nodes and a plurality of point-to-point links that interconnect the plurality of nodes into a network. Each node includes an optical switch to controllably route a plurality of in-ports of the optical switch into a plurality of out-ports of the optical switch. Each point-to-point link includes a free space optical channel. A first free space optical channel couples to a first node through a receive path and through a transmit path. The receive path couples to a respective in-port of the optical switch of the first node, and the transmit path coupled to a respective out-port of the optical switch of the first node. In an alternative embodiment, a communication hub includes a plurality of neighborhood links, and a trunk coupled between the optical switch and a free space optical channel link to the network. A method of communicating in a network having plural links includes sensing the presence of a received signal failure resulting from at least one of rain and fog. The method further includes sending data in a free space optical channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to rain and sending the data in an RF channel of the first link when the received signal failure is due to fog.
摘要翻译： 通信系统包括将多个节点互连到网络中的多个节点和多个点对点链路。 每个节点包括光开关，用于将光开关的多个入口可控地路由到光开关的多个输出端口中。 每个点对点链路包括自由空间光通道。 第一自由空间光信道通过接收路径并通过发送路径耦合到第一节点。 接收路径耦合到第一节点的光交换机的相应入口，并且发送路径耦合到第一节点的光开关的相应输出端口。 在替代实施例中，通信集线器包括多个邻域链路，以及耦合在光学交换机和到网络的自由空间光信道链路之间的中继。 在具有多个链路的网络中进行通信的方法包括：检测由雨和雾中的至少一个导致的接收信号故障的存在。 该方法进一步包括当接收到的信号故障由于下雨而在第一链路的RF信道中发送数据时，在接收到的信号失效是由于雾时，在第一链路的自由空间光信道中发送数据。
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公开(公告)号：US07010227B1
公开(公告)日：2006-03-07
申请号：US10691949
申请日：2003-10-23
IPC分类号： H04J14/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/1125
摘要： A communication system includes a plurality of nodes and a plurality of point-to-point links that interconnect the plurality of nodes into a network. Each node includes an optical switch to controllably route a plurality of in-ports of the optical switch into a plurality of out-ports of the optical switch. Each point-to-point link includes a free space optical channel. A first free space optical channel couples to a first node through a receive path and through a transmit path. The receive path couples to a respective in-port of the optical switch of the first node, and the transmit path couples to a respective out-port of the optical switch of the first node. In an alternative embodiment, a communication hub includes a plurality of neighborhood links to corresponding users, an optical switch coupled to the plurality of neighborhood links, and a trunk coupled between the optical switch and a free space optical channel link to the network. A method of communicating in a network having plural links includes sensing the presence of a received signal failure by monitoring channel losses in a first link the received signal failure resulting from at least one of rain and fog. The method further includes sending data in a free space optical channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to rain and sending the data in an RF channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to fog.
摘要翻译： 通信系统包括将多个节点互连到网络中的多个节点和多个点对点链路。 每个节点包括光开关，用于将光开关的多个入口可控地路由到光开关的多个输出端口中。 每个点对点链路包括自由空间光通道。 第一自由空间光信道通过接收路径并通过发送路径耦合到第一节点。 接收路径耦合到第一节点的光交换机的相应入口，并且发送路径耦合到第一节点的光开关的相应输出端口。 在替代实施例中，通信集线器包括到相应用户的多个邻居链路，耦合到多个邻居链路的光学交换机以及耦合在光学交换机和到网络的自由空间光信道链路之间的中继。 在具有多个链路的网络中进行通信的方法包括通过监视第一链路中的信道损失来检测接收到的信号故障的存在，所述信号损失是由雨和雾中的至少一个导致的。 所述方法还包括当所感测到的接收到的信号故障是由于雨而在第一链路的RF信道中发送数据时发送数据在第一链路的自由空间光信道中，并且当所感测的接收信号故障是由于雾而发送的。
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公开(公告)号：US07565081B1
公开(公告)日：2009-07-21
申请号：US11894928
申请日：2007-08-22
IPC分类号： H04J14/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/11 , H04B10/0795 , H04B10/1123 , H04B10/1125 , H04J14/02 , H04Q11/0067 , H04Q2011/0026 , H04Q2011/0081
摘要： A communication system includes a plurality of nodes and a plurality of point-to-point links that interconnect the plurality of nodes into a network. Each node includes an optical switch to controllably route a plurality of in-ports of the optical switch into a plurality of out-ports of the optical switch. Each point-to-point link includes a free space optical channel. A first free space optical channel couples to a first node through a receive path and through a transmit path. The receive path couples to a respective in-port of the optical switch of the first node, and the transmit path coupled to a respective out-port of the optical switch of the first node. In an alternative embodiment, a communication hub includes a plurality of neighborhood links, and a trunk coupled between the optical switch and a free space optical channel link to the network. A method of communicating in a network having plural links includes sensing the presence of a received signal failure resulting from at least one of rain and fog. The method further includes sending data in a free space optical channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to rain and sending the data in an RF channel of the first link when the received signal failure is due to fog.
摘要翻译： 通信系统包括将多个节点互连到网络中的多个节点和多个点对点链路。 每个节点包括光开关，用于将光开关的多个入口可控地路由到光开关的多个输出端口中。 每个点对点链路包括自由空间光通道。 第一自由空间光信道通过接收路径并通过发送路径耦合到第一节点。 接收路径耦合到第一节点的光交换机的相应入口，并且发送路径耦合到第一节点的光开关的相应输出端口。 在替代实施例中，通信集线器包括多个邻域链路，以及耦合在光学交换机和到网络的自由空间光信道链路之间的中继。 在具有多个链路的网络中进行通信的方法包括：检测由雨和雾中的至少一个导致的接收信号故障的存在。 该方法进一步包括当接收到的信号故障由于下雨而在第一链路的RF信道中发送数据时，在接收到的信号失效是由于雾时，在第一链路的自由空间光信道中发送数据。
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公开(公告)号：US06788898B1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-07
申请号：US09641083
申请日：2000-08-17
IPC分类号： H04J1400
CPC分类号： H04B10/1125
摘要： A communication system includes a plurality of nodes and a plurality of point-to-point links that interconnect the plurality of nodes into a network. Each node includes an optical switch to controllably route a plurality of in-ports of the optical switch into a plurality of out-ports of the optical switch. Each point-to-point link includes a free space optical channel. A first free space optical channel couples to a first node through a receive path and through a transmit path. The receive path couples to a respective in-port of the optical switch of the first node, and the transmit path couples to a respective out-port of the optical switch of the first node. In an alternative embodiment, a communication hub includes a plurality of neighborhood links to corresponding users, an optical switch coupled to the plurality of neighborhood links, and a trunk coupled between the optical switch and a free space optical channel link to the network. A method of communicating in a network having plural links includes sensing the presence of a received signal failure by monitoring channel losses in a first link, the received signal failure resulting from at least one of rain and fog. The method further includes sending data in a free space optical channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to rain and sending the data in an RF channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to fog.
摘要翻译： 通信系统包括将多个节点互连到网络中的多个节点和多个点对点链路。 每个节点包括光开关，用于将光开关的多个入口可控地路由到光开关的多个输出端口中。 每个点对点链路包括自由空间光通道。 第一自由空间光信道通过接收路径并通过发送路径耦合到第一节点。 接收路径耦合到第一节点的光交换机的相应入口，并且发送路径耦合到第一节点的光开关的相应输出端口。 在替代实施例中，通信集线器包括到相应用户的多个邻居链路，耦合到多个邻居链路的光学交换机以及耦合在光学交换机和到网络的自由空间光信道链路之间的中继。 在具有多个链路的网络中进行通信的方法包括通过监视第一链路中的信道损耗来检测接收到的信号故障的存在，所述接收信号由雨和雾中的至少一个导致。 所述方法还包括当所感测到的接收到的信号故障是由于雨而在第一链路的RF信道中发送数据时发送数据在第一链路的自由空间光信道中，并且当所感测的接收信号故障是由于雾而发送的。
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公开(公告)号：US07295777B1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-13
申请号：US11442924
申请日：2006-05-30
CPC分类号： H04J14/02 , H04B10/1125 , H04J14/0227 , H04J14/0246 , H04J14/025 , H04J14/0282 , H04J14/0283 , H04J14/0298 , H04Q11/0067 , H04Q2011/0016 , H04Q2011/003
摘要： A communication system includes a plurality of nodes and a plurality of point-to-point links that interconnect the plurality of nodes into a network. Each node includes an optical switch to controllably route a plurality of in-ports of the optical switch into a plurality of out-ports of the optical switch. Each point-to-point link includes a free space optical channel. A first free space optical channel couples to a first node through a receive path and through a transmit path. The receive path couples to a respective in-port of the optical switch of the first node, and the transmit path couples to a respective out-port of the optical switch of the first node. In an alternative embodiment, a communication hub includes a plurality of neighborhood links to corresponding users, an optical switch coupled to the plurality of neighborhood links, and a trunk coupled between the optical switch and a free space optical channel link to the network. A method of communicating in a network having plural links includes sensing the presence of a received signal failure by monitoring channel losses in a first link, the received signal failure resulting from at least one of rain and fog. The method further includes sending data in a free space optical channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to rain and sending the data in an RF channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to fog.
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公开(公告)号：US07274877B1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-25
申请号：US11215903
申请日：2005-08-31
IPC分类号： H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/1125
摘要： A communication system includes a plurality of nodes and a plurality of point-to-point links that interconnect the plurality of nodes into a network. Each node includes an optical switch to controllably route a plurality of in-ports of the optical switch into a plurality of out-ports of the optical switch. Each point-to-point link includes a free space optical channel. A first free space optical channel couples to a first node through a receive path and through a transmit path. The receive path couples to a respective in-port of the optical switch of the first node, and the transmit path couples to a respective out-port of the optical switch of the first node. In an alternative embodiment, a communication hub includes a plurality of neighborhood links to corresponding users, an optical switch coupled to the plurality of neighborhood links, and a trunk coupled between the optical switch and a free space optical channel link to the network. A method of communicating in a network having plural links includes sensing the presence of a received signal failure by monitoring channel losses in a first link, the received signal failure resulting from at least one of rain and fog. The method further includes sending data in a free space optical channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to rain and sending the data in an RF channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to fog.
摘要翻译： 通信系统包括将多个节点互连到网络中的多个节点和多个点对点链路。 每个节点包括光开关，用于将光开关的多个入口可控地路由到光开关的多个输出端口中。 每个点对点链路包括自由空间光通道。 第一自由空间光信道通过接收路径并通过发送路径耦合到第一节点。 接收路径耦合到第一节点的光交换机的相应入口，并且发送路径耦合到第一节点的光开关的相应输出端口。 在替代实施例中，通信集线器包括到相应用户的多个邻居链路，耦合到多个邻居链路的光学交换机以及耦合在光学交换机和到网络的自由空间光信道链路之间的中继。 在具有多个链路的网络中进行通信的方法包括通过监视第一链路中的信道损耗来检测接收到的信号故障的存在，所述接收信号由雨和雾中的至少一个导致。 所述方法还包括当所感测到的接收到的信号故障是由于雨而在第一链路的RF信道中发送数据时发送数据在第一链路的自由空间光信道中，并且当所感测的接收信号故障是由于雾而发送的。
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公开(公告)号：US07095957B1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-22
申请号：US10933134
申请日：2004-09-02
CPC分类号： H04B10/11 , H04B10/0795 , H04B10/1123 , H04B10/1125 , H04J14/02 , H04Q11/0067 , H04Q2011/0026 , H04Q2011/0081
摘要： A communication system includes a plurality of nodes and a plurality of point-to-point links that interconnect the plurality of nodes into a network. Each node includes an optical switch to controllably route a plurality of in-ports of the optical switch into a plurality of out-ports of the optical switch. Each point-to-point link includes a free space optical channel. A first free space optical channel couples to a first node through a receive path and through a transmit path. The receive path couples to a respective in-port of the optical switch of the first node, and the transmit path couples to a respective out-port of the optical switch of the first node. In an alternative embodiment, a communication hub includes a plurality of neighborhood links to corresponding users, an optical switch coupled to the plurality of neighborhood links, and a trunk coupled between the optical switch and a free space optical channel link to the network. A method of communicating in a network having plural links includes sensing the presence of a received signal failure by monitoring channel losses in a first link, the received signal failure resulting from at least one of rain and fog. The method further includes sending data in a free space optical channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to rain and sending the data in an RF channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to fog.
摘要翻译： 通信系统包括将多个节点互连到网络中的多个节点和多个点对点链路。 每个节点包括光开关，用于将光开关的多个入口可控地路由到光开关的多个输出端口中。 每个点对点链路包括自由空间光通道。 第一自由空间光信道通过接收路径并通过发送路径耦合到第一节点。 接收路径耦合到第一节点的光交换机的相应入口，并且发送路径耦合到第一节点的光开关的相应输出端口。 在替代实施例中，通信集线器包括到相应用户的多个邻居链路，耦合到多个邻居链路的光学交换机以及耦合在光学交换机和到网络的自由空间光信道链路之间的中继。 在具有多个链路的网络中进行通信的方法包括通过监视第一链路中的信道损耗来检测接收到的信号故障的存在，所述接收信号由雨和雾中的至少一个导致。 所述方法还包括当所感测到的接收到的信号故障是由于雨而在第一链路的RF信道中发送数据时发送数据在第一链路的自由空间光信道中，并且当所感测的接收信号故障是由于雾而发送的。
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公开(公告)号：US06731878B1
公开(公告)日：2004-05-04
申请号：US09640576
申请日：2000-08-17
IPC分类号： H04J1402
CPC分类号： H04B10/1121 , H04B10/1125 , H04J14/02
摘要： A free space communication system includes first and second terminals, and the first terminal includes a transmitter to transmit an input signal. The transmitter has plural laser sources, at least one optical delay line and a telescope. Each laser source modulates the input signal onto a wavelength that is distinct from a wavelength of each other laser source. The plural laser sources include a first laser source and at least one other laser source, and the at least one optical delay line is coupled to a respective output of the at least one other laser source. The telescope projects an output of the first laser source and an output of each of the at least one optical delay line toward the second terminal. Alternatively, a free space communication system includes first and second terminals, and the first terminal includes a transmitter to transmit an input signal. The transmitter has at least one electrical delay line, plural laser sources and a telescope. The at least one electrical delay line delays the input signal. The plural laser sources include a first laser source and at least one other laser source, the first laser source modulates the input signal onto a first wavelength, and each of the at least one other laser source modulates an output of a corresponding electrical delay line onto a wavelength that is distinct from the first wavelength. The telescope projects an output of each of the plural laser sources toward the second terminal.
摘要翻译： 自由空间通信系统包括第一和第二终端，并且第一终端包括用于发送输入信号的发射机。 发射机具有多个激光源，至少一个光学延迟线和望远镜。 每个激光源将输入信号调制成与每个其它激光源的波长不同的波长。 所述多个激光源包括第一激光源和至少一个其它激光源，并且所述至少一个光学延迟线耦合到所述至少一个其它激光源的相应输出。 望远镜将第一激光源的输出和至少一个光延迟线中的每一个的输出朝向第二端投影。 或者，自由空间通信系统包括第一和第二终端，并且第一终端包括用于发送输入信号的发射机。 发射机具有至少一个电延迟线，多个激光源和望远镜。 至少一个电延迟线延迟输入信号。 所述多个激光源包括第一激光源和至少一个其它激光源，所述第一激光源将所述输入信号调制到第一波长上，并且所述至少一个其它激光源中的每一个将相应的电延迟线的输出调制到 与第一波长不同的波长。 望远镜将多个激光源中的每一个的输出朝向第二终端投影。
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公开(公告)号：US06427038B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-30
申请号：US09639635
申请日：2000-08-15
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G02B6/3588 , G02B6/29311 , G02B6/29395 , G02B6/3518 , G02B6/3546 , G02B6/356 , G02B6/3586 , G02B2006/12104
摘要： An optical switch includes an input optical fiber, an output optical fiber and a mirror that is either inclinable or rotatable or both and reflects a lightwave signal from the input optical fiber into the output optical fiber. The switch further includes a control circuit to sense a misalignment error and to adjust the mirror to correct the misalignment error. The misalignment error may be either an inclination misalignment error, a rotation misalignment error or both. In an alternative embodiment, an optical switch includes an input optical fiber that includes an input core and an input cladding, an output optical fiber that includes an output core and an output cladding, an input GRISM to insert a calibration signal into the input cladding and a mirror that is adjustable. The mirror reflects a lightwave signal from the input core into the output core and reflects the calibration signal from the input cladding into the output cladding. The optical switch further includes an output GRISM to extract the calibration signal from the output cladding and a control circuit to sense a misalignment error based on the extracted calibration signal. The misalignment error includes an inclination misalignment error or a rotation misalignment error or both. The control circuit includes circuitry to adjust the mirror to correct the misalignment error. In an alternative embodiment, an optical switch includes an input optical fiber, an output optical fiber and a rotatable mirror that has diffraction gratings etched thereon. The mirror reflects a lightwave signal from the input optical fiber into the output optical fiber. The optical switch further includes a control circuit to adjust a rotation angle of the mirror to select a wavelength that can be diffracted into the output optical fiber according to a spacing of the diffraction gratings.
摘要翻译： 光开关包括输入光纤，输出光纤和可倾斜或可旋转的两者的反射镜，并将来自输入光纤的光波信号反射到输出光纤中。 开关还包括用于感测不对准误差的控制电路，并且调整反射镜以校正不对准误差。 不对准误差可能是倾斜失准误差，旋转失准误差或两者。 在替代实施例中，光开关包括输入光纤，其包括输入芯和输入包层，包括输出芯和输出包层的输出光纤，输入GRISM以将校准信号插入到输入包层中，以及 一个可调的镜子。 反射镜将来自输入核心的光波信号反射到输出核心，并将来自输入包层的校准信号反射到输出包层中。 光开关还包括输出GRISM以从输出包层提取校准信号，以及控制电路，用于基于所提取的校准信号感测到未对准误差。 不对准误差包括倾斜失准误差或旋转失准误差或两者。 控制电路包括调整反射镜以校正不对准误差的电路。 在替代实施例中，光开关包括输入光纤，输出光纤和在其上刻蚀衍射光栅的可旋转镜。 反射镜将来自输入光纤的光波信号反射成输出光纤。 光开关还包括控制电路，用于调节反射镜的旋转角度，以根据衍射光栅的间隔选择可衍射成输出光纤的波长。
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10.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06735356B2
公开(公告)日：2004-05-11
申请号：US09849342
申请日：2001-05-07
IPC分类号： G02B600
CPC分类号： G02B6/2938 , G02B6/32 , H04B10/1125
摘要： A free space wavelength duplexed system includes a first and second terminals where each terminal includes a receiver part and a transmitter part, and the receiver includes a telescope, and optical-to-electrical converter, and an optical amplifier coupled between the telescope and the optical-to-electrical converter.
摘要翻译： 自由空间波长双工系统包括第一和第二端子，其中每个端子包括接收器部分和发射器部分，并且接收器包括望远镜和光电转换器以及耦合在望远镜和光学器件之间的光放大器 电转换器。
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