公开(公告)号：US4969385A

公开(公告)日：1990-11-13

申请号：US462871

申请日：1989-12-28

申请人： Anthony G. Williams ,  David T. Starkey

发明人： Anthony G. Williams ,  David T. Starkey

IPC分类号： G10H1/18 ,  G10H1/22

CPC分类号： G10H1/183 ,  G10H1/22 ,  Y10S84/02

摘要： A method for operating a digital synthesizer type of electronic musical instrument to rapidly make available digital oscillators to produce newly keyed notes even when all digital oscillators are currently active with previous assignments. The method contains a way of maintaining a record of the digital oscillator with the lowest amplitude, and reassigning this lowest amplitude digital oscillator to produce the new note on the rationale that the output of the lowest digital oscillator will be the least missed if an output has to be prematurely curtailed. Beside just a straight amplitude critereon, the method also allows for prioritizing some low amplitude outputs over others to make a more pleasing performance. The invention also includes an apparatus for performing the method.

摘要翻译： 一种用于操作数字合成器类型的电子乐器的方法，以便即使当所有数字振荡器当前处于先前分配的状态时，也可以快速使可用的数字振荡器产生新的键控音符。 该方法包含一种保持具有最低幅度的数字振荡器的记录的方法，并且重新分配该最低振幅的数字振荡器以产生新的音符，理由是如果输出具有最小的数字振荡器的输出将是最小的 被过早地限制。 除了直接的振幅暴击之外，该方法还允许将某些低幅度输出优先于其他输出，以获得更令人愉快的性能。 本发明还包括一种用于执行该方法的装置。

公开(公告)号：US4375176A

公开(公告)日：1983-03-01

申请号：US156359

申请日：1980-06-04

申请人： David T. Starkey

发明人： David T. Starkey

IPC分类号： G10H1/18 ,  G10H1/00

CPC分类号： G10H1/182 ,  Y10S84/02

摘要： An electronic organ having a scanned keyboard manual (10) includes a keyboard latch (24) interposed between the scanning apparatus (12) and the organ keyers (26). The keyboard latch (24) comprises a gate (42) for comparing the serial data pulses, each of which represents a respective depressed key, produced at the output of the scanning apparatus (12) during each scan of the keyboard manual (10) with the serial data pulses produced during the immediately preceding scan for developing a control signal representing the detection of a depressed keyboard key during the on-going scan which was not depressed during the immediately preceding scan. An output circuit (52, 54, 56) is provided for continuously developing an output signal reflecting the keys depressed during the last scan in which a control signal was developed whereby the tone signals corresponding thereto are continuously sounded even though the keys have subsequently been released.

摘要翻译： 具有扫描的键盘手册（10）的电子琴包括夹在扫描装置（12）和器官键控件（26）之间的键盘闩锁（24）。 键盘闩锁（24）包括用于比较串行数据脉冲的门（42），每个串行数据脉冲代表在键盘手册（10）的每次扫描期间在扫描设备（12）的输出处产生的相应的按下的键， 在紧接在前的扫描期间产生的串行数据脉冲，用于开发表示在正在进行的扫描期间的按下的键盘键的检测的控制信号，其在紧接着的扫描期间未被按下。 输出电路（52,54,56）用于连续显示反映在最后扫描期间按下的键的输出信号，其中显示控制信号，由此即使按键随后被释放，与此对应的音调信号也连续发声 。

公开(公告)号：US5231283A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-27

申请号：US618154

申请日：1990-11-26

申请人： David T. Starkey ,  Anthony G. Williams

发明人： David T. Starkey ,  Anthony G. Williams

IPC分类号： G01V8/12 ,  G10C3/12 ,  G10H1/34

CPC分类号： G10C3/12 ,  G01V8/12 ,  G10H1/344

摘要： A new, inexpensive and unobtrusive opto-electronic sensor which requires no manual adjustments after installation under the keys of the piano keyboard. Post-installation manual adjustments are unnecessary because a method embodied in a computer program and performed by a microprocessor digitally adjusts the operating ranges of the keys. After electronic adjustment, the opto-electronic sensors are scanned and sampled according to another portion of the method to determine the current key position and velocity. The key position and the velocity determined by the method are then transmitted in a MIDI compatible data stream.

摘要翻译： 一种新的，便宜且不引人注目的光电传感器，安装在钢琴键盘下方，无需人工调整。 安装后的手动调整是不必要的，因为在计算机程序中体现并由微处理器执行的方法数字地调整键的操作范围。 电子调整后，根据方法的另一部分扫描和采样光电传感器，以确定当前的键位置和速度。 然后通过该方法确定的关键位置和速度在MIDI兼容数据流中传输。

公开(公告)号：US5001339A

公开(公告)日：1991-03-19

申请号：US329008

申请日：1989-03-27

申请人： David T. Starkey ,  Anthony G. Williams

发明人： David T. Starkey ,  Anthony G. Williams

IPC分类号： G01V8/12 ,  G10C3/12 ,  G10H1/34

CPC分类号： G10C3/12 ,  G01V8/12 ,  G10H1/344

摘要： A new, inexpensive and unobtrusive opto-electronic sensor which requires no manual adjustments after installation under the keys of the piano keyboard. Post-installation manual adjustments are unnecessary because a method embodied in a computer program and performed by a microprocessor digitally adjusts the operating ranges of the keys. After electronic adjustment, the opto-electronic sensors are scanned and sampled according to another portion of the method to determine the current key position and velocity. The key position and the velocity determined by the method are then transmitted in a MIDI compatible data stream.

摘要翻译： 一种新的，便宜且不引人注目的光电传感器，安装在钢琴键盘下方，无需人工调整。 安装后的手动调整是不必要的，因为在计算机程序中体现并由微处理器执行的方法数字地调整键的操作范围。 电子调整后，根据方法的另一部分扫描和采样光电传感器，以确定当前的键位置和速度。 然后通过该方法确定的关键位置和速度在MIDI兼容数据流中传输。

公开(公告)号：US08159683B1

公开(公告)日：2012-04-17

申请号：US12889926

申请日：2010-09-24

申请人： David T. Starkey

发明人： David T. Starkey

IPC分类号： G01B11/14

CPC分类号： G01B11/026 ,  G10H1/0553 ,  G10H2220/305

摘要： A scanner for a keyboard device having a reflective surface for each key has a sensor associated with each key that includes an LED and a photo-transistor. The LED is turned ON for a first measurement, followed by a second measurement with the LED turned off, and a subtraction of the second measurement from the first yields an illumination value for a key x. The LEDs and associated photo-transistors are sequentially enabled in groups of n, thereby eliminating optical interference. Each key x has associated correction parameters of LinRest(x) associated with illumination value with the key in the rest (up) position, LinDown(x) associated with illumination value with the key in the down position, TrebErr(x) associated with the reflectivity effect of one adjacent key(x+1), and BassErr(x) associated with the reflectivity effect of another adjacent key(x−1). By reading a single illumination value in combination with these correction parameters, the key position may be accurately extracted and the effect of ambient light and surrounding key interference removed.

摘要翻译： 用于具有每个键的反射表面的键盘装置的扫描器具有与包括LED和光电晶体管的每个键相关联的传感器。 LED被开启进行第一次测量，随后在LED关闭的情况下进行第二次测量，并且从第一次测量中减去第二次测量可得到关键字x的照明值。 LED和相关的光电晶体管以n组的顺序启用，从而消除光学干扰。 每个键x具有与照亮值相关联的LinRest（x）的关联校正参数，其余的（向上）位置处的键，与关键处于下降位置的照明值相关联的LinDown（x），与相关联的TrebErr（x） 一个相邻键（x + 1）的反射效应和与另一个相邻键（x-1）的反射效应相关联的BassErr（x）。 通过读取与这些校正参数相结合的单个照明值，可以精确地提取关键位置，消除环境光和周围的关键干扰的影响。

公开(公告)号：US5196639A

公开(公告)日：1993-03-23

申请号：US633475

申请日：1990-12-20

申请人： J. Robert Lee ,  David T. Starkey

发明人： J. Robert Lee ,  David T. Starkey

IPC分类号： G10H7/06

CPC分类号： G10H7/06 ,  G10H2250/235

摘要： A technique for digitally processing a counterpart of a musical sound first transforms a set of time-domain samples of the sound into frequency-domain counterparts and then gradually coerces the frequency-domain counterparts into integer multiples of a fundamental frequency of the sound.

摘要翻译： 用于数字处理音乐声音的对手的技术首先将声音的一组时域样本变换为频域对应物，然后逐渐强迫频域对应物变为声音的基频的整数倍。

公开(公告)号：US4953437A

公开(公告)日：1990-09-04

申请号：US297887

申请日：1989-01-17

申请人： David T. Starkey

发明人： David T. Starkey

IPC分类号： G10H1/057 ,  G10H7/00 ,  G10H7/12

CPC分类号： G10H7/002 ,  G10H1/057 ,  G10H7/12 ,  G10H2210/305 ,  G10H2250/621 ,  G10H2250/631 ,  Y10S84/10

摘要： An electronic musical instrument of the digital synthesis type that uses digital processing techniques to impart not only the desired harmonic structure and pitch, but also to impart the correct amplitude and envelope. Only after all of the harmonic structure processing, all amplitude scaling, and all panning/mixing has been performed in digital circuitry, are the four outputs converted by digital to analog converters into analog musical outputs. Part of the digital processing includes a digital scaling circuit using a barrel interpolator to scale each sample from 1/2 to 31/32 and a shift right register to scale each sample between 1 and 1/32,768.

摘要翻译： 数字合成型的电子乐器，其使用数字处理技术，不仅赋予所需的谐波结构和音调，而且赋予正确的振幅和包络。 只有在所有的谐波结构处理之后，所有的幅度缩放以及所有的平移/混合都已经在数字电路中执行，是由数模转换器转换成模拟音频输出的四个输出。 数字处理的一部分包括使用圆筒内插器将每个样本从1/2缩放到31/32的数字缩放电路以及在1和1 / 32,768之间缩放每个样本的右移寄存器。

公开(公告)号：US4602545A

公开(公告)日：1986-07-29

申请号：US694373

申请日：1985-01-24

申请人： David T. Starkey

发明人： David T. Starkey

IPC分类号： G10H7/08 ,  G10H7/00 ,  G06F7/38

CPC分类号： G10H7/08 ,  G10H2250/621 ,  G10H2250/631

摘要： A digital tone generator for a keyboard electronic musical instrument is described. The generator is of the waveshape memory type and repetitively interpolates between successive stored sample points thereby to effectively multiply the number of samples representing the waveshape so as to produce an output tone signal having reduced quantization error. Envelope errors are minimized by using cascade-connected multiplying digital-to-analog converters for multiplying the waveshapes derived from the interpolation with digital signals representative of an envelope waveshape. The system also includes a novel modification of a known multiplying digital-to-analog converter which greatly increases its speed of operation and makes possible the generation of clean output tone signals at the extremely high bit rates required to accomplish the interpolation.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于键盘电子乐器的数字乐音发生器。 发生器是波形存储器类型，并且在连续存储的采样点之间重复插值，从而有效地乘以表示波形的样本数，以产生具有降低的量化误差的输出音调信号。 通过使用级联连接的乘法数模转换器将来自内插的波形乘以代表包络波形的数字信号，使信封误差最小化。 该系统还包括已知的乘法数模转换器的一种新颖的修改，其极大地增加其操作速度，并且可以以实现内插所需的极高比特率产生干净的输出音信号。

公开(公告)号：US4208939A

公开(公告)日：1980-06-24

申请号：US25880

申请日：1979-04-02

申请人： William Wangard ,  David T. Starkey

发明人： William Wangard ,  David T. Starkey

IPC分类号： G10H1/18 ,  G10H1/38 ,  G10H1/00 ,  G10H5/10

CPC分类号： G10H1/38 ,  G10H1/182 ,  G10H2210/175 ,  G10H2210/616 ,  Y10S84/22

摘要： A data encoder for use with a time multiplexed electronic organ or the like comprises a multiple stage shift register, means for simultaneously loading a predetermined pattern of logic bits in the shift register in response to a key down representative data pulse and means for coupling the output of the shift register to one of the data channels of the organ. In a first mode, the data encoder is operable as a fill-note generator wherein the shift register is loaded in response to an upper manual key down representative data pulse and lower manual key down representative data pulses are coupled to the upper manual data channel of the organ according to the output of the shift register. In a second mode, the data encoder is operable as a chimes generator wherein the shift register is loaded in response to an upper manual key down representative data pulse and the output of the shift register is coupled to the upper manual data channel of the organ. In a final mode, the data encoder is operable as a chord function generator wherein the shift register is loaded in response to a lower manual key down representative data pulse and the output of the shift register is coupled to the lower manual data channel of the organ.

摘要翻译： 一种与时分复用电子机器等一起使用的数据编码器包括多级移位寄存器，用于响应于键降低代表数据脉冲同时加载移位寄存器中的预定模式的逻辑位的装置，以及用于将输出 的移位寄存器到器官的数据通道之一。 在第一模式中，数据编码器可操作为填充笔记发生器，其中移位寄存器响应于上部手动按键代表数据脉冲被加载，而较低的手动按键代表数据脉冲耦合到上部手动数据通道 器官根据移位寄存器的输出。 在第二模式中，数据编码器可操作为铃声发生器，其中移位寄存器响应于上部手动按键代表数据脉冲而被加载，并且移位寄存器的输出耦合到器官的上部手动数据信道。 在最终模式中，数据编码器可用作和弦函数发生器，其中响应于较低的手动按键代表数据脉冲加载移位寄存器，并且移位寄存器的输出耦合到器官的下部手动数据通道 。

公开(公告)号：US08013234B1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-06

申请号：US12889403

申请日：2010-09-23

申请人： David T. Starkey

发明人： David T. Starkey

IPC分类号： G10H1/00

CPC分类号： G01B11/026 ,  G10H1/0553 ,  G10H2220/305

摘要： A scanner for a keyboard device having a reflective surface for each key has a sensor associated with each key that includes an LED and a photo-transistor. The LED is turned ON for a first measurement, followed by a second measurement with the LED turned off, and a subtraction of the second measurement from the first yields an illumination value for a key x. The LEDs and associated photo-transistors are sequentially enabled in groups of n, thereby eliminating optical interference. Each key x has associated correction parameters of LinRest(x) associated with illumination value with the key in the rest (up) position, LinDown(x) associated with illumination value with the key in the down position, TrebErr(x) associated with the reflectivity effect of one adjacent key(x+1), and BassErr(x) associated with the reflectivity effect of another adjacent key(x−1). By reading a single illumination value in combination with these correction parameters, the key position may be accurately extracted and the effect of ambient light and surrounding key interference removed.

摘要翻译： 用于具有每个键的反射表面的键盘装置的扫描器具有与包括LED和光电晶体管的每个键相关联的传感器。 LED被开启进行第一次测量，随后在LED关闭的情况下进行第二次测量，并且从第一次测量中减去第二次测量可得到关键字x的照明值。 LED和相关的光电晶体管以n组的顺序启用，从而消除光学干扰。 每个键x具有与照亮值相关联的LinRest（x）的关联校正参数，其余的（向上）位置处的键，与关键处于下降位置的照明值相关联的LinDown（x），与相关联的TrebErr（x） 一个相邻键（x + 1）的反射效应和与另一个相邻键（x-1）的反射效应相关联的BassErr（x）。 通过读取与这些校正参数相结合的单个照明值，可以精确地提取关键位置，消除环境光和周围的关键干扰的影响。