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公开(公告)号：US06906304B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-14
申请号：US10305062
申请日：2002-11-27
IPC分类号： H01L27/00 , H01L27/146
CPC分类号： H01L27/14643
摘要： Pixels in an array of image sensor pixels contain photo-sensors and circuits having inputs connected to the photosensors. The circuits have feedback loops for reducing fixed pattern noise in the array. Output from each pixel is used to latch a multibit counter value supplied by a global counter. Each feedback loop preferably includes a pair of alternately-toggling switching transistors to minimize unwanted charge injection. An image sensor according to the invention can be used for, e.g., motion sensing.
摘要翻译： 图像传感器像素阵列中的像素包含具有连接到光电传感器的输入的光电传感器和电路。 这些电路具有用于减少阵列中固定模式噪声的反馈环路。 来自每个像素的输出用于锁存由全局计数器提供的多位计数器值。 每个反馈回路优选地包括一对交替切换开关晶体管，以最小化不需要的电荷注入。 根据本发明的图像传感器可以用于例如运动感测。
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公开(公告)号：US06963060B2
公开(公告)日：2005-11-08
申请号：US11049985
申请日：2005-02-04
IPC分类号： H01L27/00 , H01L27/146
CPC分类号： H01L27/14643
摘要： Pixels in an array of image sensor pixels contain photo-sensors and circuits having inputs connected to the photosensors. The circuits have feedback loops for reducing fixed pattern noise in the array. Output from each pixel is used to latch a multibit counter value supplied by a global counter. Each feedback loop preferably includes a pair of alternately-toggling switching transistors to minimize unwanted charge injection. An image sensor according to the invention can be used for, e.g., motion sensing.
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公开(公告)号：US06917030B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-12
申请号：US11022636
申请日：2004-12-28
申请人： Derek L. Knee , Thomas C. Oliver
发明人： Derek L. Knee , Thomas C. Oliver
CPC分类号： H01L27/14609 , G06F1/3203 , G06F1/3259 , G06F3/0421 , Y02D10/155
摘要： Pixels in an array of image sensor pixels contain photo-sensors. In response to illumination of a photo-sensor, an initial signal is generated. Multiple comparison signals are also generated based on the initial signal. One of the comparison signals remains internal to the pixel, and other comparison signals are transmitted to neighboring pixels. Within a pixel, the internal comparison signal is compared to a sum of comparison signals received from neighboring pixels. Based on the comparison, a data value may be latched and used for indicating a relative difference in pixel illumination.
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公开(公告)号：US06891143B2
公开(公告)日：2005-05-10
申请号：US10283264
申请日：2002-10-30
申请人： Derek L. Knee , Thomas C. Oliver
发明人： Derek L. Knee , Thomas C. Oliver
CPC分类号： H01L27/14609 , G06F1/3203 , G06F1/3259 , G06F3/0421 , Y02D10/155
摘要： Pixels in an array of image sensor pixels contain photo-sensors. In response to illumination of a photo-sensor, an initial signal is generated. Multiple comparison signals are also generated based on the initial signal. One of the comparison signals remains internal to the pixel, and other comparison signals are transmitted to neighboring pixels. Within a pixel, the internal comparison signal is compared to a sum of comparison signals received from neighboring pixels. Based on the comparison, a data value may be latched and used for indicating a relative difference in pixel illumination.
摘要翻译： 图像传感器像素阵列中的像素包含光电传感器。 响应于光电传感器的照明，产生初始信号。 还基于初始信号产生多个比较信号。 比较信号中的一个保持在像素的内部，并且其他比较信号被发送到相邻像素。 在一个像素内，将内部比较信号与从相邻像素接收的比较信号的和进行比较。 基于该比较，可以锁存数据值并用于指示像素照明中的相对差异。
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公开(公告)号：US07808485B2
公开(公告)日：2010-10-05
申请号：US11929606
申请日：2007-10-30
IPC分类号： G09G5/08
CPC分类号： G06F3/03543 , G06F3/0317 , G06F3/033 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/038
摘要： A method for controlling a computer cursor involves capturing a plurality of arrays of data in a hand held device representing light entering the device from an environment in which the device resides, processing at least some of the plurality of arrays of data in the device to estimate motion of the device with respect to the environment during each of a plurality of measurement cycles, and sending a series of estimated motion signals to a computer to move a cursor display in response to motion of the device relative to the environment, each such estimated motion signal representing the estimated motion of the handheld device during more than one of the plurality of measurement cycles.
摘要翻译： 一种用于控制计算机光标的方法涉及在手持设备中从表示从该设备驻留的环境进入设备的光的多个数据阵列，在设备中处理多个数据阵列中的至少一些以估计 在多个测量周期中的每一个期间设备相对于环境的运动，以及响应于设备相对于环境的运动而向计算机发送一系列估计运动信号以移动光标显示，每个这样的估计运动 表示多个测量周期期间多于一个的手持设备的估计运动的信号。
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公开(公告)号：US07194651B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-20
申请号：US10109480
申请日：2002-03-28
申请人： Derek L. Knee , Thomas N. Indermaur
发明人： Derek L. Knee , Thomas N. Indermaur
CPC分类号： G06F15/7832 , H03L7/06 , H04J3/0685
摘要： A link module architecture is disclosed for use with a multi-core central processing unit having a cross bar switch. The link module comprises timing recovery circuitry operably coupled to the central processing unit, wherein the timing recovery circuitry is positioned proximate to the cross bar switch. The link module further comprises a bit receiver operably coupled to the central processing unit, and a bit output driver operably coupled to the central processing unit. The bit receiver, preferably comprising a wide bandwidth amplifier, and the bit driver are preferably integrated with a sea of on-chip RAM.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种与具有横杆开关的多核心中央处理单元一起使用的链路模块架构。 链路模块包括可操作地耦合到中央处理单元的定时恢复电路，其中定时恢复电路定位成靠近交叉开关。 链路模块还包括可操作地耦合到中央处理单元的位接收器和可操作地耦合到中央处理单元的位输出驱动器。 优选地包括宽带宽放大器的位接收器和位驱动器优选地与片上RAM的海集成。
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公开(公告)号：US06281882B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-28
申请号：US09052046
申请日：1998-03-30
IPC分类号： G09G508
CPC分类号： G06F3/0325 , G06F3/0317 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/03543 , G06F3/038
摘要： An optical mouse images as an array of pixels the spatial features of generally any micro textured or micro detailed work surface below the mouse. The photo detector responses are digitized and stored as a frame into memory. Motion produces successive frames of translated patterns of pixel information, which are compared by autocorrelation to ascertain the direction and amount of movement. A hold feature suspends the production of movement signals to the computer, allowing the mouse to be physically relocated on the work surface without disturbing the position on the screen of the pointer. This may be needed if the operator runs out of room to physically move the mouse further, but the screen pointer still needs to go further. The hold feature may be implemented with an actual button, a separate proximity detector or by detecting the presence of a characteristic condition in the digitized data, such as loss of correlation or velocity in excess of a selected limit. A convenient place for an actual hold button is along the sides of the mouse near the bottom, where the thumb and the opposing ring finger grip the mouse. The gripping force used to lift the mouse engages the hold function. Hold may incorporate a brief delay upon either the release of the hold button, detection of proper proximity or the return of reasonable digitized values. During that delay any illumination control or AGC servo loops stabilize. A new reference frame is taken prior to the resumption of motion detection.
摘要翻译： 光学鼠标将像素的阵列图像通常位于鼠标下面的任何微纹理或微细的工作表面的空间特征。 光电检测器响应被数字化并作为帧存储到存储器中。 运动产生像素信息的平移图案的连续帧，其通过自相关比较以确定运动的方向和量。 保持功能将运动信号暂停生产到计算机，允许鼠标物理地重新定位在工作表面上，而不会干扰指示器屏幕上的位置。 如果操作者耗尽空间以进一步物理移动鼠标，则可能需要这一点，但是屏幕指针仍然需要进一步。 保持特征可以用实际按钮，单独的接近检测器或通过检测数字化数据中的特征状况的存在来实现，诸如超过所选极限的相关性或速度的损失。 实际按住按钮的一个方便的地方是靠近底部的鼠标的两侧，拇指和相对的无名指握住鼠标。 用于提升鼠标的夹紧力与保持功能接合。 保持可能会在保留按钮的释放，检测到适当的接近度或合理的数字化值的返回之间引入短暂的延迟。 在该延迟期间，任何照明控制或AGC伺服回路稳定。 在恢复运动检测之前采取新的参考系。
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公开(公告)号：US08350812B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-08
申请号：US13034242
申请日：2011-02-24
CPC分类号： G06F3/03543 , G06F3/0317 , G06F3/033 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/038
摘要： In an embodiment, a method of tracking movement relative to a surface involves comparing at least some data elements of a first array with at least some of data elements of a second array if it is determined, from an examination of the first array of data elements, that a characteristic condition does not exist in the first array of data elements, wherein the characteristic condition is related to the uniformity of at least a majority of the data elements of the first array.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，跟踪相对于表面的移动的方法涉及将第一阵列的至少一些数据元素与第二阵列的至少一些数据元素进行比较，如果从第一数据元素阵列的检查确定 在第一数据元素阵列中不存在特征条件，其中特征条件与第一阵列的至少大部分数据元素的均匀性有关。
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公开(公告)号：US08212778B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-03
申请号：US12634245
申请日：2009-12-09
CPC分类号： G06F3/03543 , G06F3/0317 , G06F3/033 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/038
摘要： A method for operating an optical pointing device involves capturing a plurality of arrays of data, representing light reflected from a surface to a two-dimensional array of photo detectors, processing at least some of the plurality of arrays of data to estimate movement of the surface during each of a plurality of measurement cycles, and sending a series of estimated movement update signals to a computer.
摘要翻译： 一种用于操作光学指向装置的方法涉及捕获表示从表面反射到二维光检测器阵列的光的多个数据阵列，处理多个数据阵列中的至少一些以估计表面的运动 在多个测量周期的每一个期间，并且向计算机发送一系列估计的移动更新信号。
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公开(公告)号：US07907120B2
公开(公告)日：2011-03-15
申请号：US11154008
申请日：2005-06-15
CPC分类号： G06F3/03543 , G06F3/0317 , G06F3/033 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/038
摘要： Movement of an optical mouse may be tracked by providing a source of non-coherent light in a movable housing for illuminating a work surface at a low angle of incidence, providing a two dimensional array of photo detectors for producing arrays of data elements responsive to light reflected from surface irregularities on the illuminated work surface and providing circuitry for capturing a first array of data elements from the two dimensional array of photo detectors at a first time, for detecting a characteristic condition in the first array, for capturing a second array of data elements at a second time, and for tracking movement of the housing relative to the work surface by comparing at least some of the data elements of the first array with at least some of the data elements of the second array if the characteristic condition is not detected in the first array. Movement may be tracked by providing a source of non-coherent light in a movable housing for illuminating a work surface at a low angle of incidence, providing a two dimensional array of photo detectors for producing arrays of data elements responsive to light reflected from surface irregularities on the illuminated work surface and providing circuitry for tracking movement of the housing relative to the work surface by comparing light reflected from the surface irregularities at a first time with light reflected there from at a second time unless the light reflected at the first time does not include a characteristic condition.
摘要翻译： 可以通过在可移动壳体中提供非相干光源来跟踪光学鼠标的移动，以便以低入射角照射工作表面，提供二维阵列的光电检测器，用于产生响应于光的数据元件阵列 从照明工作表面上的表面不规则反射并提供用于在第一时间从光电检测器的二维阵列捕获数据元素的第一阵列的电路，用于检测第一阵列中的特征状态，用于捕获第二数据阵列 如果没有检测到特征条件，则通过将第一阵列的至少一些数据元素与第二阵列的至少一些数据元素进行比较来跟踪壳体相对于工作表面的移动 在第一个数组。 可以通过在可移动壳体中提供非相干光源来跟踪运动，以便以低入射角照射工作表面，提供二维阵列的光电检测器，用于响应于从表面不规则反射的光而产生数据元素阵列 在照明工作表面上并且提供电路，用于通过将来自第一时间的表面凹凸反射的光与第二时间反射的光相比较来跟踪壳体相对于工作表面的移动，除非第一次反射的光不是 包括特征条件。
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