公开(公告)号：US4965726A

公开(公告)日：1990-10-23

申请号：US260403

申请日：1988-10-20

Applicant: Dominic J. Heuscher ,  Rodney A. Mattson

Inventor： Dominic J. Heuscher ,  Rodney A. Mattson

IPC: A61B5/055 ,  A61B6/03 ,  G01T1/29 ,  G06T1/00

CPC classification number: A61B6/5205 ,  A61B6/032 ,  G01T1/2985

Abstract: A plurality of segmented radiation sensitive arrays (30) receive radiation from a radiation source (16) which has transversed an examination region (14) of a CT scanner (10). Each array includes a plurality of rows (A, B, C) of radiation sensitive cells, e.g. photodiodes, which produce an electrical signal indicative of the intensity of radiation received. Within each of the rows, there are larger cells and smaller cells. The electrical signals from each of the plurality of cells within each row are serialized (34) and amplified (36A, 36B, 36C). Selected combinations of the electrical signals from the various rows and larger and smaller elements within each row are combined (46) and reconstructed (50) into an image representation (52) for display on a video monitor or the like.

公开(公告)号：US5384861A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-24

申请号：US719827

申请日：1991-06-24

Applicant: Rodney A. Mattson ,  Todd J. Krochta ,  Dominic J. Heuscher

Inventor： Rodney A. Mattson ,  Todd J. Krochta ,  Dominic J. Heuscher

IPC: A61B6/03 ,  G06F17/17 ,  G06T1/00 ,  G06T5/20 ,  G06T11/80 ,  G06F15/00

CPC classification number: G06F17/175

Abstract: A source (A) of images, such as a CT scanner (10), a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus (12), and the like produces a plurality of basis images (I.sub.0, I.sub.1, I.sub.2, I.sub.3 . . . ). Two of the basis images are subtracted and divided (70, 72) by a number of interpolation increments (L.sub.1) to form a first differential image (I.sub..DELTA.1). The first and the third basis images are subtracted and divided (76, 78) by a number of available interpolation increments (L.sub.2) to form a second differential image (I.sub..DELTA.2). Four differential images are selectively combined and divided by a product of the first and second available increments (82, 84) to form a second order differential image (I.sup.2.sub..DELTA.12). An array of adders (D) selectively adds the first differential image to a currently displayed image stored in an image memory E each time a track ball (104) moves a cursor one increment in a horizontal position. Each time the track ball moves the cursor one increment up or down along the vertical column, the adder array adds or subtracts the second differential image to the currently displayed image. Each time the track ball steps the cursor between rows or between columns, the second order differential image is used to correct one of the first and second differential images. In this manner, only the currently displayed image, the first differential image, the second differential image, and the second order differential image need be stored to provide free interpolation among four basis images. The basis images themselves need not be stored.

Abstract translation: 诸如CT扫描器（10），磁共振成像设备（12）等的图像源（A）产生多个基本图像（I0，I1，I2，I3 ...）。 两个基本图像被减去并被分割（70,72）多个插值增量（L1）以形成第一差分图像（I DELTA 1）。 第一和第三基础图像被减去并被分割（76,78）多个可用的插值增量（L2）以形成第二差分图像（I DELTA 2）。 选择性地组合四个差分图像并将其除以第一和第二可用增量（82,84）的乘积以形成二阶差分图像（I2 DELTA 12）。 每当轨迹球（104）将光标移动到水平位置的一个增量时，加法器阵列（D）选择性地将第一差分图像添加到存储在图像存储器E中的当前显示的图像。 每次轨迹球沿着垂直列向上或向下移动光标时，加法器阵列将第二差分图像加到或减去当前显示的图像。 轨道球每次在行之间或列之间移动光标时，二阶差分图像用于校正第一和第二差分图像之一。 以这种方式，仅存储当前显示的图像，第一差分图像，第二差分图像和二阶差分图像，以在四个基本图像之间提供空闲内插。 基本图像本身不需要存储。

公开(公告)号：US07873144B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-18

申请号：US11721163

申请日：2005-12-05

Applicant: Randall P. Luhta ,  Marc A. Chappo ,  Brian E. Harwood ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Chris J. Vrettos

Inventor： Randall P. Luhta ,  Marc A. Chappo ,  Brian E. Harwood ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Chris J. Vrettos

IPC: H05G1/64

CPC classification number: A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/585 ,  G01T1/24

Abstract: A radiographic imaging apparatus (10) comprises a primary radiation source (14) which projects a beam of radiation into an examination region (16). A detector (18) converts detected radiation passing through the examination region (16) into electrical detector signals representative of the detected radiation. The detector (18) has at least one temporally changing characteristic such as an offset B(t) or gain A(t). A grid pulse means (64) turns the primary radiation source (14) ON and OFF at a rate between 1000 and 5000 pulses per second, such that at least the offset B(t) is re-measured between 1000 and 5000 times per second and corrected a plurality of times during generation of the detector signals. The gain A(t) is measured by pulsing a second pulsed source (86, 100, 138) of a constant intensity (XRef) with a second pulse means (88). The gain A(t) is re-measured and corrected a plurality of times per second during generation of the detector signals.

Abstract translation: 放射线照相成像装置（10）包括将辐射束投射到检查区域（16）中的主要辐射源（14）。 检测器（18）将通过检查区域（16）的检测到的辐射转换成代表检测到的辐射的电检测器信号。 检测器（18）具有至少一个时间上变化的特性，例如偏移B（t）或增益A（t）。 电网脉冲装置（64）以每秒1000至5000个脉冲之间的速率使主辐射源（14）接通和断开，使得至少偏移B（t）在每秒1000至5000次之间重新测量 并且在检测器信号的产生期间多次校正。 通过用第二脉冲装置（88）脉冲具有恒定强度（XRef）的第二脉冲源（86,100,138）来测量增益A（t）。 在检测器信号的产生期间，增益A（t）被重新测量和校正多次。

公开(公告)号：US07822173B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-26

申请号：US12159861

申请日：2007-01-04

Applicant: Rodney A. Mattson ,  Marc A. Chappo ,  Randall P. Luhta

Inventor： Rodney A. Mattson ,  Marc A. Chappo ,  Randall P. Luhta

IPC: G01N23/00

CPC classification number: A61B6/585 ,  A61B6/032

Abstract: An ionizing radiation detector module (22) includes a detector array (200), a memory (202), signal processing electronics (208), a communications interface (210), and a connector (212). The memory contains detector performance parameters (204) and detector correction algorithms (206). The signal processing electronics (208) uses the detector performance parameters (204) to correct signals from the detector array (200) in accordance with the detector correction algorithms (206).

Abstract translation: 电离辐射检测器模块（22）包括检测器阵列（200），存储器（202），信号处理电子器件（208），通信接口（210）和连接器（212）。 存储器包含检测器性能参数（204）和检测器校正算法（206）。 信号处理电子设备（208）根据检测器校正算法（206）使用检测器性能参数（204）来校正来自检测器阵列（200）的信号。

公开(公告)号：US07573035B2

公开(公告)日：2009-08-11

申请号：US11577604

申请日：2005-10-12

Applicant: Simha Levene ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Ami Altman

Inventor： Simha Levene ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Ami Altman

IPC: G01T1/20

CPC classification number: G01T1/201 ,  G01T1/2985

Abstract: A radiation detector (24) for an imaging system includes a two-dimensional array (50) of nondeliquescent ceramic scintillating fibers or sheets (52). The scintillating fibers (52) are manufactured from a GOS ceramic material. Each scintillating fiber (52) has a width (d2) between 0.1 mm and 1 mm, a length (h2) between 0.1 mm and 2 mm and a height (h8) between 1 mm and 2 mm. Such scintillating fiber (52) has a height (h8) to cross-sectional dimension (d2, h2) ratio of approximately 10 to 1. The scintillating fibers (52) are held together by layers (86, 96) of a low index coating material. A two-dimensional array (32) of photodiodes (34) is positioned adjacent and in optical communication with the scintillating fibers (52) to convert the visible light into electrical signals. A grid (28) is disposed by the scintillating array (50). The grid (28) has the apertures (30) which correspond to a cross-section of the photodiodes (34) and determine a spatial resolution of the imaging system.

Abstract translation: 用于成像系统的放射线检测器（24）包括非柔性陶瓷闪烁纤维或片（52）的二维阵列（50）。 闪烁纤维（52）由GOS陶瓷材料制成。 每个闪烁光纤（52）具有在0.1mm和1mm之间的宽度（d2），在0.1mm和2mm之间的长度（h2）和在1mm和2mm之间的高度（h8）。 这种闪烁纤维（52）具有大约10比1的高度（h8）至横截面尺寸（d2，h2）比。闪烁纤维（52）通过低折射率涂层（86,96）保持在一起 材料。 光二极管（34）的二维阵列（32）被定位成与闪烁光纤（52）相邻并与之相通，以将可见光转换为电信号。 格栅（28）由闪烁阵列（50）设置。 栅格（28）具有对应于光电二极管（34）的横截面的孔（30）并且确定成像系统的空间分辨率。

公开(公告)号：US06542576B2

公开(公告)日：2003-04-01

申请号：US09766777

申请日：2001-01-22

Applicant: Rodney A. Mattson

Inventor： Rodney A. Mattson

IPC: H01J3500

CPC classification number: H01J35/26

Abstract: An x-ray tube assembly (16) includes a vacuum envelope (52) and an x-ray permeable exit window (58). An anode (50) is positioned within the vacuum envelope (52) such that a near side is adjacent to the exit window (58) and a far side is opposite thereof. A cathode assembly (66) is also mounted within the vacuum envelope (52) which directs an electron beam (72) toward a focal spot or point (62) on the far side of the anode (50). The anode further includes a central cavity or indentation (70) which provides a location for mounting a set of radiation attenuating vanes (64) in addition to a shaped x-ray filter or compensator (68). Close placement of the vanes (64) and the filter (68) relative to the focal spot of the anode desirably reduce off focal radiation and allow beam shaping. An externally located collimator (18) further shapes the output x-ray beam.

Abstract translation: X射线管组件（16）包括真空外壳（52）和x射线可透过的出射窗（58）。 阳极（50）位于真空封壳（52）内，使得近侧与出射窗（58）相邻，远侧与其相反。 阴极组件（66）也安装在真空外壳（52）内，真空外壳（52）将电子束（72）引向阳极（50）的远侧上的焦点或点（62）。 阳极还包括中心腔或凹口（70），除了成形的x射线滤波器或补偿器（68）之外，还提供用于安装一组辐射衰减叶片（64）的位置。 叶片（64）和过滤器（68）相对于阳极的焦点的紧密放置期望地减少了聚焦辐射，并允许光束成形。 外部定位的准直器（18）进一步使输出的X射线束成形。

公开(公告)号：US06426991B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-30

申请号：US09714685

申请日：2000-11-16

Applicant: Rodney A. Mattson ,  Chris J. Vrettos

Inventor： Rodney A. Mattson ,  Chris J. Vrettos

IPC: A61B600

CPC classification number: H01L27/14661 ,  A61B6/032 ,  G01T1/2018

Abstract: A CT scanner (10) includes a reconstruction processor (32) for reconstructing an image from digital signals from detector arrays (20). Each detector array includes scintillation crystals (22) arranged in an array for converting x-ray radiation into light. An array of back-illuminated photo diodes (24) is mounted beneath the scintillation crystal array for converting the light emitted from the scintillation crystals into electrical charge. The electrical charge from the back-illuminated photodiodes is transmitted via a path orthogonal to the detector array (20, 40) to signal processing circuitry (66). The back-illuminated photodiode has a backside (26) which is in optical communication with the crystal array (22) and which is optically transmissive to photons of light emanating from the crystal. The converted electrical charge leaves the photodiode via electrical connections (28) or bump bonds (62, 72) on the front side of the photodiode. This arrangement allows a plurality of paths (46) through the substrate (42, 64) supporting the photodiode to provide electrical connectivity (44) from the array to processing circuitry (66), reducing or eliminating the bottleneck of electrical leads from conventional arrays.

Abstract translation: CT扫描器（10）包括用于从来自检测器阵列（20）的数字信号重建图像的重构处理器（32）。 每个检测器阵列包括以阵列布置的用于将x射线辐射转换成光的闪烁晶体（22）。 背光照明二极管（24）的阵列安装在闪烁晶体阵列下方，用于将从闪烁晶体发射的光转换成电荷。 来自背照式光电二极管的电荷经由与检测器阵列（20,40）正交的路径传输到信号处理电路（66）。 背照式光电二极管具有与晶体阵列（22）光学通信并且对从晶体发出的光的光子透光的背面（26）。 转换的电荷通过光电二极管正面上的电连接（28）或凸起键（62,72）离开光电二极管。 这种布置允许穿过支撑光电二极管的衬底（42,64）的多个路径（46）提供从阵列到处理电路（66）的电连接（44），从而减少或消除了来自常规阵列的电引线的瓶颈。

公开(公告)号：US6092928A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-25

申请号：US191094

申请日：1998-11-12

Applicant: Rodney A. Mattson ,  Pieter G. Roos

Inventor： Rodney A. Mattson ,  Pieter G. Roos

IPC: A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/08

CPC classification number: A61B6/583 ,  A61B6/08 ,  A61B6/4452 ,  A61B6/466 ,  A61B6/547 ,  A61B2562/0219 ,  A61B6/4464

Abstract: An x-ray source (30) transmits a beam of x-rays through an examination region (E). A detector (28), in an initial spatial orientation relative to the source, receives the beam and generates a view of image data indicative of the intensity of the beam received. A first accelerometer (40), capable of generating acceleration data in at least one dimension, is associated with the detector. A second accelerometer (42), capable of generating acceleration data in at least one dimension is associated with the source. A position calculator (60) mathematically calculates a position of both the source and detector based on the acceleration data generated by the accelerometers. An image reconstructor (62) receives the relative position data; electronically corrects for any misalignment or change in beam travel distance, and reconstructs the views into a volumetric image representation.

Abstract translation: X射线源（30）通过检查区域（E）传输一束x射线。 以相对于源的初始空间取向的检测器（28）接收波束并产生指示所接收的波束的强度的图像数据的视图。 能够在至少一个维度上产生加速度数据的第一加速度计（40）与检测器相关联。 能够在至少一个维度上生成加速度数据的第二加速度计（42）与源相关联。 位置计算器（60）基于由加速度计产生的加速度数据在数学上计算源和检测器的位置。 图像重构器（62）接收相对位置数据; 电子校正光束行进距离中的任何未对准或变化，并将视图重建为体积图像表示。

公开(公告)号：US4191892A

公开(公告)日：1980-03-04

申请号：US921010

申请日：1978-06-30

Applicant: Sung-Cheng Huang ,  Carl J. Brunnett ,  Rodney A. Mattson

Inventor： Sung-Cheng Huang ,  Carl J. Brunnett ,  Rodney A. Mattson

IPC: A61B6/03 ,  G01N21/34 ,  G01N23/04

CPC classification number: A61B6/035 ,  A61B6/032

Abstract: An improved method for computed tomographic scanning is disclosed. A beam of electromagnetic radiation subtending an angle .phi. is alternately translated and rotated past a patient. The intensity of the beam is detected by an array after the radiation passes the patient and a reconstructed image created from the detected intensities. Each rotation of the array is through an angle less than the angle .phi. subtended by the array producing redundant intensity readings for similarly oriented beam paths through the patient. This redundant intensity data is modified according to a scheme which tends to reduce motion and misalignment artifacts within the patient.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于计算机断层扫描的改进方法。 朝向角度phi的电磁辐射束交替地平移并旋转经过患者。 在辐射通过患者之后，通过阵列检测光束的强度，并且根据检测到的强度创建重建图像。 阵列的每次旋转通过小于由阵列对向的角度phi的角度，产生通过患者的类似定向的束路径的冗余强度读数。 这种冗余强度数据根据倾向于减少患者内的运动和不对准假象的方案进行修改。

公开(公告)号：US09000382B2

公开(公告)日：2015-04-07

申请号：US13128883

申请日：2009-10-29

Applicant: Rodney A. Mattson ,  Randall P. Luhta ,  Marc A. Chappo

Inventor： Rodney A. Mattson ,  Randall P. Luhta ,  Marc A. Chappo

IPC: G01T1/20 ,  G01T1/00

CPC classification number: G01T1/2018 ,  G01T1/00 ,  G01T1/161

Abstract: A one-dimensional multi-element photo detector (120) includes a photodiode array (122) with a first upper row of photodiode pixels and a second lower row of photodiode pixels. The photodiode array (122) is part of the photo detector (120). A scintillator array (126) includes a first upper row and a second lower row of scintillator pixels. The first upper and second lower rows of scintillator pixels are respectively optically coupled to the first upper and second lower rows of photodiode pixels. The photo detector (120) also includes readout electronics (124), which are also part of the photo detector (120). Electrical traces (512) interconnect the photodiode pixels and the readout electronics (124).

Abstract translation: 一维多元素光电检测器（120）包括具有第一上行光电二极管像素和第二下行光电二极管像素的光电二极管阵列（122）。 光电二极管阵列（122）是光电检测器（120）的一部分。 闪烁体阵列（126）包括第一上列和第二下列闪烁体像素。 闪烁体像素的第一上，下下排分别光耦合到光电二极管像素的第一上列和第二下行。 光检测器（120）还包括读出电路（124），其也是光电检测器（120）的一部分。 电迹线（512）将光电二极管像素和读出电路（124）互连。