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公开(公告)号：US5277851A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-11
申请号：US941376
申请日：1992-09-04
CPC分类号： D01D5/24 , B01D67/0025 , B01D67/003 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/081 , B01D69/085 , B01D69/088 , B01D71/26 , C08J9/28 , B01D2323/08 , C08J2201/052
摘要： A method of making a porous polymeric material by heating a mixture of a thermoplastic polymer and a cationic or non-ionic surfactant having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance range of 4.0 to 6.0 to a temperature and for a time sufficient for the polymer and surfactant to mutually dissolve. The mixture is then cooled to a temperature so that non-equilibrium liquid-liquid phase separation takes place to form a bi-continuous matrix of the polymer and surfactant so that the polymer and surfactant form two intermingled separate phases of large interfacial surface area. The surfactant is then removed from the polymer. The porous polymeric material produced by the above method has a lacey or filamentous structure consisting of a plurality of polymer strands connected together at spaced apart locations along each strand.
摘要翻译： 通过将热塑性聚合物和亲水 - 亲油平衡范围为4.0至6.0的阳离子或非离子表面活性剂的混合物加热至相对于聚合物和表面活性剂足够的温度和时间来制备多孔聚合物材料的方法 溶解。 然后将混合物冷却至温度，使得发生非平衡液相分离以形成聚合物和表面活性剂的双连续基质，使得聚合物和表面活性剂形成具有大界面表面积的两个混合的分离相。 然后从聚合物中除去表面活性剂。 通过上述方法生产的多孔聚合物材料具有花边或丝状结构，其由沿着每条链条间隔开的位置连接在一起的多个聚合物股组成。
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公开(公告)号：US4935143A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-19
申请号：US191164
申请日：1988-03-10
CPC分类号： B01D63/02 , B01D65/02 , B01D2313/48 , B01D2321/04 , B01D2321/18
摘要： A filter (10) has a shell (11) within which there is a bundle of microporous fibres (12). Pressurized feed suspension is introduced through inlet (15) and passes over the external walls of the fibers (12) with the clarified liquid being drawn from the lumens of the fibres (12) through outlet port (16) and the concentrated ffee being discharged through outlet (17). The solids retained within the shell are removed by a gaseous backwash cycle in which pressurized gas is introduced through the lumens and passes through the wall of the fibres (12) to dislodge solids retained on or in the fibre walls. The gaseous cleaning step is enhanced by varying the pressure within the housing (11) of the filter (10) while the gas is being introduced into the filter.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / AU87 / 00214 Sec。 371日期1988年3月10日 102（e）1988年3月10日PCT PCT 1987年7月13日PCT公布。 出版物WO89 / 日期：1988年1月28日。一种过滤器（10）具有外壳（11），其中存在一束微孔纤维（12）。 加压进料悬浮液通过入口（15）引入并通过纤维（12）的外壁，澄清的液体通过出口（16）从纤维（12）的腔中抽出，并且浓缩的ffee通过 出口（17）。 保留在壳体内的固体通过气体反冲洗循环除去，其中加压气体通过流明物引入并通过纤维（12）的壁，以去除保留在纤维壁上或纤维壁中的固体。 当气体被引入过滤器时，通过改变过滤器（10）的壳体（11）内的压力来增强气体清洁步骤。
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公开(公告)号：US5698101A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-16
申请号：US378523
申请日：1995-01-26
CPC分类号： B01D69/08 , B01D67/0013 , B01D69/02 , B01D71/26 , B01D2323/22
摘要： A hollow fiber membrane is produced having an outer surface, and inner surface enclosing a lumen, and a continuous network of interconnecting pores extending from the outer surface to the inner surface, wherein substantially all of the pores have an elongated dimension and a shortened dimension, the elongated dimension being oriented substantially parallel to the axis of the hollow fiber, wherein the ratio of the elongated dimension to the shortened dimension is substantially constant from the outer surface to the inner surface, and wherein the pores change shape to increase the shortened dimension in response to a high pressure differential imposed across the membrane by increasing fluid pressure within the lumen.
摘要翻译： 制造具有外表面和封闭内腔的内表面的中空纤维膜，以及从外表面延伸到内表面的互连孔的连续网络，其中基本上所有孔具有细长尺寸和缩短的尺寸， 细长尺寸基本上平行于中空纤维的轴线定向，其中细长尺寸与缩短尺寸的比例从外表面到内表面基本上恒定，并且其中孔改变形状以增加缩短尺寸 响应通过增加管腔内的流体压力而施加在膜上的高压差。
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公开(公告)号：US5395570A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-07
申请号：US13952
申请日：1993-02-05
CPC分类号： D01D5/24 , B01D67/0025 , B01D67/003 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/081 , B01D69/085 , B01D69/088 , B01D71/26 , C08J9/28 , B01D2323/08 , C08J2201/052
摘要： Extrusion of hollow membranes is improved by coextruding a coating fluid layer about the extrudate of heated polymer solution with its interior lumen forming extrudate. The coating fluid is disposed between the forming hollow fiber and a cooling fluid, and controls the rate of heat transfer to afford superior control over the structure and form of the hollow fiber produced in the invention. The coating fluid is typically the same material as the cooling fluid, and often is the same material as the solvent for the polymer in the heated polymer solution.
摘要翻译： 中空膜的挤出通过在其内腔形成挤出物的情况下通过将加热的聚合物溶液的挤出物周围的涂布液层共挤出而提高。 涂布液设置在成形中空纤维和冷却流体之间，并且控制传热速率以对本发明中生产的中空纤维的结构和形式提供优越的控制。 涂布液通常与冷却流体相同，并且通常是与加热的聚合物溶液中的聚合物的溶剂相同的材料。
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公开(公告)号：US5318417A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-07
申请号：US536650
申请日：1990-07-09
CPC分类号： D01D5/24 , B01D67/0025 , B01D67/003 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/081 , B01D69/085 , B01D69/088 , B01D71/26 , C08J9/28 , B01D2323/08 , C08J2201/052
摘要： A process for making a polymeric, porous hollow fibre (21) by heating a mixture of a thermoplastic polymer and a solvent to a temperature and for a time for the polymer and solvent to mutually dissolve, then introducing the molten mixture into an extrusion head (FIG. 1) adapted to shape the hollow fibre. The shaped fibre is then cooled in the extrusion head to a temperature so that non-equilibrium liquid-liquid phase separation takes place to form a bi-continuous matrix of the polymer and solvent in which the polymer and solvent form two intermingled separate phases of large interfacial surface area. Finally, the solvent is removed from the polymer.The extrusion head for forming the abovementioned polymeric, porous hollow fibre has an elongated body (17, 18) defining an axial passageway (11) for receiving a lumen-forming fluid (14) and a first annular passage (12) therearound for receiving the molten mixture (15) from which the hollow fibre (21) is formed. A second annular passageway (13) is radially outward of the first annular passageway (12) and receives a coating fluid (16). A third annular passageway (19) receives a cooling fluid and has means (20) for directing the cooling fluid towards the outer surface of the coating fluid (16). The porous polymeric material of the fibre produced by the abovementioned process has a lacey or filamentous structure consisting of a plurality of polymer strands connected together at spaced apart locations along each strand.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / AU89 / 00480 Sec。 371 1990年7月9日第 102（e）日1990年7月9日PCT 1989年11月10日PCT公布。 出版物WO90 / 05006 日期1990年5月17日。一种通过将热塑性聚合物和溶剂的混合物加热至聚合物和溶剂相互溶解的温度和时间来制备聚合物多孔中空纤维（21）的方法，然后将熔融 混合物变成适于成形中空纤维的挤出头（图1）。 然后将成形的纤维在挤出头中冷却至使得发生非平衡液相分离以形成聚合物和溶剂的双连续基质的温度，其中聚合物和溶剂形成两个相互混合的分离相 界面表面积。 最后，从聚合物中除去溶剂。 用于形成上述聚合物多孔中空纤维的挤出头具有限定用于接收管腔形成流体（14）的轴向通道（11）和其周围的第一环形通道（12）的细长体（17,18），用于接收 形成中空纤维（21）的熔融混合物（15）。 第二环形通道（13）在第一环形通道（12）的径向外侧并且接收涂覆流体（16）。 第三环形通道（19）接收冷却流体并具有用于将冷却流体引向涂布流体（16）的外表面的装置（20）。 通过上述方法制备的纤维的多孔聚合物材料具有花边或丝状结构，其由沿着每条链的间隔开的位置连接在一起的多个聚合物股组成。
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公开(公告)号：US5489406A
公开(公告)日：1996-02-06
申请号：US946496
申请日：1992-12-08
CPC分类号： C08J9/28 , B01D67/0011 , B01D67/0027 , B01D67/003 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/08 , B01D71/34 , B01D2323/08 , B01D2323/12 , C08J2327/16
摘要： A method of making a porous polymeric material by heating a mixture comprising polyvinylidene fluoride and a solvent system initially comprising a first component that is a latent solvent for polyvinylidene fluoride and a second component that is a non-solvent for polyvinylidene fluoride wherein, at elevated temperature, polyvinylidene fluoride dissolves in the solvent system to provide an optically clear solution. The solution is then rapidly cooled so that non-equilibrium liquid-liquid phase separation takes place to form a continuous polymer rich phase and a continuous polymer lean phase with the two phases being intermingled in the form of bicontinuous matrix of large interfacial area, and cooling is continued until the polymer rich phase solidifies. The polymer lean phase is removed from the solid polymeric material. A porous material so prepared is characterised by a lacey or filamentous structure consisting of a plurality of polymer strands (1) connected together at a number of locations (2) spaced apart along each strand.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / AU91 / 00198 Sec。 371日期：1992年12月8日 102（e）日期1992年12月8日PCT提交1991年5月9日PCT公布。 公开号WO91 / 17204 PCT 日本1991年11月14日。一种制备多孔聚合物材料的方法，该方法是加热包含聚偏二氟乙烯和溶剂体系的混合物，该溶剂体系最初包含作为聚偏二氟乙烯的潜在溶剂的第一组分和作为非氟溶剂的非溶剂的第二组分 聚偏氟乙烯，其中在升高的温度下，聚偏二氟乙烯溶解在溶剂体系中以提供光学透明的溶液。 然后将溶液快速冷却，使得发生非平衡液 - 液相分离以形成连续聚合物富相和连续的聚合物贫相，两相以大界面积的双连续基体的形式混合，冷却 继续进行，直到聚合物富集相凝固。 从固体聚合物材料中除去聚合物贫相。 如此制备的多孔材料的特征在于由沿着每条链间隔开的多个位置（2）连接在一起的多个聚合物股线（1）组成的花边或丝状结构。
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