公开(公告)号：US3897308A

公开(公告)日：1975-07-29

申请号：US35382273

申请日：1973-04-23

Applicant: EXXON RESEARCH ENGINEERING CO

Inventor： LI NORMAN N ,  BRUSCA DONALD R ,  MOHAN RAAM R

IPC: B01D61/40 ,  C07G7/02

CPC classification number: B01D61/40

Abstract: The instant invention relates to immobilized enzymes which comprise an enzyme containing-solution emulsified in immiscible liquid. Preferably the enzyme containing-solution is aqueous and will comprise from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent enzyme. A surfactant is provided in the immiscible liquid to stabilize the emulsion, the surfactant comprising from 0.01 to 90 weight percent, preferably 0.5 to 20 weight percent of the immiscible liquid. The instant invention also relates to a general procedure for preparing immobilized enzymes by emulsifying a solution containing said enzyme in an immiscible liquid. The emulsions of the instant invention are designed to be stable at the conditions at which the immobilized enzymes will be utilized. For example, in a chemical conversion process wherein phenol is oxidized in the presence of the immobilized enzymes of the instant invention, e.g. an aqueous phenol oxidase containing solution emulsified in a hydrocarbon, e.g. cyclohexane, sufficient surfactant is added to said hydrocarbon liquid so as to provide an emulsion which does not break down during the contact with the phenol reactant.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及包含在不混溶液体中乳化的含酶溶液的固定化酶。 优选地，含酶溶液是水性的，并且将包含约0.1至约10重量％的酶。 在不混溶液体中提供表面活性剂以稳定乳液，所述表面活性剂占混溶液体的0.01至90重量％，优选0.5至20重量％。 本发明还涉及通过在不混溶液体中乳化含有所述酶的溶液来制备固定化酶的一般方法。 本发明的乳液被设计为在固定化酶将被利用的条件下是稳定的。 例如，在其中苯酚在本发明的固定化酶的存在下被氧化的化学转化过程中，例如， 在烃中乳化的含有酚氧化酶的水溶液，例如 环己烷，将足够的表面活性剂加入到所述烃液体中，以提供在与酚反应物接触期间不会分解的乳液。

公开(公告)号：US3410794A

公开(公告)日：1968-11-12

申请号：US53393366

申请日：1966-03-14

Applicant: EXXON RESEARCH ENGINEERING CO

Inventor： LI NORMAN N

IPC: B01D61/40 ,  C07C7/144 ,  C10G31/11 ,  C10M159/22

CPC classification number: C07C7/144 ,  B01D61/40 ,  C10G31/11 ,  C10M159/22

公开(公告)号：US3617546A

公开(公告)日：1971-11-02

申请号：US3617546D

申请日：1970-04-13

Applicant: EXXON RESEARCH ENGINEERING CO

Inventor： LI NORMAN N ,  CAHN ROBERT P ,  SHRIER ADAM L

IPC: B01D61/40 ,  C02F1/26 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C10G21/00 ,  B01D13/00

CPC classification number: C10G21/00 ,  B01D61/40 ,  C02F1/26 ,  C02F1/66

Abstract: Organic compounds are removed from waste water streams by treatment with an emulsion of aqueous droplets containing a reagent coated by an organic liquid membrane containing surfactants through which the organic compounds in waste water will permeate and react in the aqueous droplets to form new chemical compounds and from which they can be recovered eventually by flashing off or emulsion breakup. The formation of new chemical compounds in the aqueous droplets prevents the organic compounds from permeating out of the emulsion. In a preferred embodiment of the invention phenol is removed from waste water streams.

公开(公告)号：US3389078A

公开(公告)日：1968-06-18

申请号：US53758066

申请日：1966-01-20

Applicant: EXXON RESEARCH ENGINEERING CO

Inventor： ELZINGA EUGENE R ,  LI NORMAN N

IPC: B01D61/40 ,  C10G31/11 ,  C10M159/22

CPC classification number: C10M159/22 ,  B01D61/40 ,  C10G31/11

公开(公告)号：US3303121A

公开(公告)日：1967-02-07

申请号：US37967764

申请日：1964-07-01

Applicant: EXXON RESEARCH ENGINEERING CO

Inventor： LI NORMAN N ,  TOROBIN LEONARD B

IPC: B01D9/00 ,  C10G31/06 ,  C10G73/06

CPC classification number: C10G73/06 ,  B01D9/0009 ,  B01D9/005 ,  B01D9/0059 ,  C10G31/06 ,  Y10S159/20

Abstract: 1,086,156. Crystallizing wax. ESSO RESEARCH & ENGINEERING CO. June 30, 1965 [July 1, 1964], No. 27760/65. Addition to 1,022,234. Heading B1G. Wax is crystallized from solution in a hydrocarbon fraction on cooling by passing the solution as a dispersion of essentially uniform size droplets countercurrently to a continuous phase aqueous coolant containing an additive comprising a polyglycol and/or a protein together with a surfactant. The polyglycol may be polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of 500-12,000. The protein may be gelatine or scleroprotein. The surfactant may be saponin or alkyl phenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) ethanol. The additive may contain 50-70 parts of polyglycol, 20-30 parts of protein, and 8-20 parts of surfactant. 0.01-1.0% of additive based on additive plus coolant may be present. The hydrocarbon fraction may have a b.p. below 900‹F. The coolant may be water or an aqueous solution of sodium or calcium chloride. The droplets may have a particle size of 1/32-3/8 in. The system may be operated at a pressure of 15-1500 psig. According to the Fig. warm feed is introduced upwardly through an orifice plate 3 into a tower 2 and is passed countercurrently to a coolant and past a compression impeller to an outlet 24. The coolant is introduced into the tower through a ring of orifices 17, is removed through outlet 7, and is recycled after recooling.

公开(公告)号：US3650091A

公开(公告)日：1972-03-21

申请号：US3650091D

申请日：1969-04-22

Applicant: EXXON RESEARCH ENGINEERING CO

Inventor： LI NORMAN N

IPC: B01D53/18 ,  B01D53/22 ,  B01D61/38 ,  B01D61/40 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C07C7/144

CPC classification number: B01D53/22 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D61/38 ,  B01D61/40 ,  C01B3/503 ,  C01B2203/0405 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/048 ,  C07C7/144

Abstract: A gaseous mixture is passed through a layer of liquid surfactant membrane; gradually, a foam of bubbles is generated. The bubbles are coated with liquid membrane and have an interior of the gaseous mixture. Component(s) of the mixture permeate more rapidly through the membrane and pass into the foam. To remove the more rapidly permeating components an inert gas is passed through the foam; the inert gas entrains the more rapidly permeating components and serves to transport it out of the system.

Abstract translation: 气体混合物通过一层液体表面活性剂膜; 逐渐产生气泡泡沫。 气泡涂有液膜并具有气体混合物的内部。 混合物的组分通过膜更快地渗透并进入泡沫体。 为了去除更快速渗透的组分，惰性气体通过泡沫; 惰性气体携带更快速渗透的组分并用于将其输送出系统。

公开(公告)号：US3637488A

公开(公告)日：1972-01-25

申请号：US3637488D

申请日：1970-05-12

Applicant: EXXON RESEARCH ENGINEERING CO

Inventor： LI NORMAN N ,  CAHN ROBERT P ,  SHRIER ADAM L

IPC: B01D61/40 ,  C02F1/26 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C10G21/00 ,  B01D13/00

CPC classification number: C10G21/00 ,  B01D61/40 ,  C02F1/26 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/5236

Abstract: Inorganic species are removed from liquid streams such as waste water streams by treatment with an emulsion of reagent-containing aqueous droplets suspended in an organic liquid containing surfactant which forms a membrane around said aqueous droplets. The inorganic species, such as phosphates in waste water will permeate the membrane; the reagent within the droplet is such that it will react with the permeating inorganic species to form a new compound which will precipitate and remain within the droplets. The emulsion is then removed from the system.

Abstract translation: 通过用悬浮在含有表面活性剂的有机液体中的含有试剂的水性液滴的乳液进行处理，从液体流如废水流中除去无机物质，所述表面活性剂形成围绕所述水滴的膜。 无机物质，如废水中的磷酸盐将渗透膜; 液滴内的试剂使其与渗透性无机物质反应形成新的化合物，其将沉淀并保留在液滴内。 然后将乳液从体系中除去。

公开(公告)号：US3566580A

公开(公告)日：1971-03-02

申请号：US3566580D

申请日：1968-11-27

Applicant: EXXON RESEARCH ENGINEERING CO

Inventor： LI NORMAN N

IPC: B01D53/22 ,  B01D53/26 ,  B01D59/12

CPC classification number: B01D53/268 ,  B01D53/22 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D61/36

Abstract: The separation of mixtures; in which the various elements have different degrees of solubility in a liquid is enhanced by concurrently permeating vapor from said liquid and the membrane must have an attraction for said liquid.