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公开(公告)号：US5395162A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-07
申请号：US252982
申请日：1994-06-03
CPC分类号： A47C7/021 , A47C27/085 , A47C27/10 , A47C27/18 , A47C4/54 , A47C7/022 , A61G5/1043 , A61G5/1045 , A61G5/1091 , A61G7/05715 , Y10S5/922
摘要： A seating system for wheelchairs and other applications. The seating system includes a base member with an upper surface and a fluid pad positioned on the upper surface. The upper surface is preferably contoured and dimensioned to have areas corresponding to the user's ischial tuberosities and coccyx as well as the user's femurs including trochanters. The fluid pad in the preferred embodiment is one piece and has at least three separate and distinct pouches filled with fluid. Each pouch includes seals to contain the fluid in each pouch and to isolate and prevent fluid communication with the fluid in the other two pouches. Each pouch of the pad is then respectively positioned on the upper surface of the base member under the user's ischial tuberosities and coccyx. In this manner, each of the user's ischial tuberosities and coccyx is thereby supported on its own separate and distinct fluid pouch.
摘要翻译： 轮椅和其他应用的座椅系统。 座椅系统包括具有上表面的基座构件和位于上表面上的流体衬垫。 优选地，上表面具有轮廓和尺寸以具有对应于使用者的坐骨结节和尾骨的区域以及包括转子的使用者股骨。 在优选实施例中的流体垫是一体的并且具有填充有流体的至少三个独立且不同的袋。 每个袋包括用于容纳每个袋中的流体的密封件，并且隔离并防止与其它两个袋中的流体的流体连通。 然后将垫的每个袋分别定位在使用者的坐骨结节和尾骨下面的基底构件的上表面上。 以这种方式，用户的坐骨结节和尾骨中的每一个由此支撑在其自己独立且不同的流体袋上。
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公开(公告)号：US5201780A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-13
申请号：US756320
申请日：1991-09-06
IPC分类号： A61G7/057
CPC分类号： A47C27/148 , A47C27/144 , A61G7/05715 , A61G7/05738 , Y10S5/909 , Y10S5/922 , Y10S5/926
摘要： A mattress pad primarily intended for use with a standard hospital bed frame to reduce the development of decubitus ulcers or bed sores in patients using the pad. The pad is multi-layered and includes a cover or casing containing interior strata of a plastic film layer atop a fluid bladder layer supported on an underlying layer of foam. The pad is specially designed to reduce lateral and normal pressures and forces on the patient which can lead to the development of such ulcers. The reduction of the lateral shearing forces is accomplished in a number of ways including by oversizing the plastic film layer and fluid bladder layer on the underlying layer of foam and by positioning microbeads between the plastic film layer and fluid bladder layer to dramatically reduce the frictional drag or lateral shearing forces between the layers. Similarly, the normal pressures and forces are reduced and controlled in a number of manners including oversizing, modifying the configuration, filling, and size of the discrete fluid pouches of the fluid bladder layer, and varying the spring characteristics of the support columns in the underlying foam layer by hollowing them out to differing degrees, adjusting their spacing, and selectively tying adjacent columns together.
摘要翻译： 床垫，主要用于标准医院床架，以减少使用垫的患者褥疮溃疡或褥疮的发展。 衬垫是多层的，并且包括盖或壳体，其包含在支撑在泡沫的下层上的流体囊层顶部的塑料膜层的内部层。 该垫专门设计用于减轻患者的侧向和正常压力和力，这可能导致这种溃疡的发展。 横向剪切力的减少以多种方式实现，包括通过在塑料薄膜层和流体囊层之间放置塑料薄膜层和泡沫层的下游层上的塑料薄膜层和流体囊层，以显着降低摩擦阻力 或层之间的横向剪切力。 类似地，常规压力和力以多种方式减少和控制，包括过大尺寸，改变流体囊层的离散流体袋的构型，填充和尺寸，以及改变底层中的支撑柱的弹簧特性 泡沫层通过将其中空化到不同程度，调节它们的间距，并且选择性地将相邻的柱结合在一起。
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公开(公告)号：US5511260A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-30
申请号：US229369
申请日：1994-04-18
CPC分类号： A47C27/148 , A47C27/144 , A61G7/05715 , A61G7/05738 , Y10S5/909 , Y10S5/922 , Y10S5/926
摘要： A mattress pad primarily intended for use with a standard hospital bed frame to reduce the development of decubitus ulcers or bed sores in patients using the pad. The pad is multi-layered and includes a cover or casing containing interior strata of a plastic film layer atop a fluid bladder layer supported on an underlying layer of foam. The pad is specially designed to reduce lateral and normal pressures and forces on the patient which can lead to the development of such ulcers. The reduction of the lateral shearing forces is accomplished in a number of ways including by oversizing the plastic film layer and fluid bladder layer on the underlying layer of foam and by positioning microbeads between the plastic film layer and fluid bladder layer to dramatically reduce the frictional drag or lateral shearing forces between the layers. Similarly, the normal pressures and forces are reduced and controlled in a number of manners including oversizing, modifying the configuration, filling, and size of the discrete fluid pouches of the fluid bladder layer, and varying the spring characteristics of the support columns in the underlying foam layer by hollowing them out to differing degrees, adjusting their spacing, and selectively tying adjacent columns together.
摘要翻译： 床垫，主要用于标准医院床架，以减少使用垫的患者褥疮溃疡或褥疮的发展。 衬垫是多层的，并且包括盖或壳体，其包含在支撑在泡沫的下层上的流体囊层顶部的塑料膜层的内部层。 该垫专门设计用于减轻患者的侧向和正常压力和力，这可能导致这种溃疡的发展。 横向剪切力的减少以多种方式实现，包括通过在塑料薄膜层和流体囊层之间放置塑料薄膜层和泡沫层的下游层上的塑料薄膜层和流体囊层，以显着降低摩擦阻力 或层之间的横向剪切力。 类似地，常规压力和力以多种方式减少和控制，包括过大尺寸，改变流体囊层的离散流体袋的构型，填充和尺寸，以及改变底层中的支撑柱的弹簧特性 泡沫层通过将其中空化到不同程度，调节它们的间距，并且选择性地将相邻的柱结合在一起。
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公开(公告)号：US5303436A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-19
申请号：US4137
申请日：1993-01-13
CPC分类号： A47C27/148 , A47C27/144 , A61G7/05715 , A61G7/05738 , Y10S5/909 , Y10S5/922 , Y10S5/926
摘要： A mattress pad primarily intended for use with a standard hospital bed frame to reduce the development of decubitus ulcers or bed sores in patients using the pad. The pad is multi-layered and includes a cover or casing containing interior strata of a plastic film layer atop a fluid bladder layer supported on an underlying layer of foam. The pad is specially designed to reduce lateral and normal pressures and forces on the patient which can lead to the development of such ulcers. The reduction of the lateral shearing forces is accomplished in a number of ways including by oversizing the plastic film layer and fluid bladder layer on the underlying layer of foam and by positioning microbeads between the plastic film layer and fluid bladder layer to dramatically reduce the frictional drag or lateral shearing forces between the layers. Similarly, the normal pressures and forces are reduced and controlled in a number of manners including oversizing, modifying the configuration, filling, and size of the discrete fluid pouches of the fluid bladder layer, and varying the spring characteristics of the support columns in the underlying foam layer by hollowing them out to differing degrees, adjusting their spacing, and selectively tying adjacent columns together.
摘要翻译： 床垫，主要用于标准医院床架，以减少使用垫的患者褥疮溃疡或褥疮的发展。 衬垫是多层的，并且包括盖或壳体，其包含在支撑在泡沫的下层上的流体囊层顶部的塑料膜层的内部层。 该垫专门设计用于减轻患者的侧向和正常压力和力，这可能导致这种溃疡的发展。 横向剪切力的减少以多种方式实现，包括通过在塑料薄膜层和流体囊层之间放置塑料薄膜层和泡沫层的下游层上的塑料薄膜层和流体囊层，以显着降低摩擦阻力 或层之间的横向剪切力。 类似地，常规压力和力以多种方式减少和控制，包括过大尺寸，改变流体囊层的离散流体袋的构型，填充和尺寸，以及改变底层中的支撑柱的弹簧特性 泡沫层通过将其中空化到不同程度，调节它们的间距，并且选择性地将相邻的柱结合在一起。
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公开(公告)号：US5255404A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-26
申请号：US4080
申请日：1993-01-13
CPC分类号： A47C27/148 , A47C27/144 , A61G7/05715 , A61G7/05738 , Y10S5/909 , Y10S5/922 , Y10S5/926
摘要： A mattress pad primarily intended for use with a standard hospital bed frame to reduce the development of decubitus ulcers or bed sores in patients using the pad. The pad is multi-layered and includes a cover or casing containing interior strata of a plastic film layer atop a fluid bladder layer supported on an underlying layer of foam. The pad is specially designed to reduce lateral and normal pressures and forces on the patient which can lead to the development of such ulcers. The reduction of the lateral shearing forces is accomplished in a number of ways including by oversizing the plastic film layer and fluid bladder layer on the underlying layer of foam and by positioning microbeads between the plastic film layer and fluid bladder layer to dramatically reduce the frictional drag or lateral shearing forces between the layers. Similarly, the normal pressures and forces are reduced and controlled in a number of manners including oversizing, modifying the configuration, filling, and size of the discrete fluid pouches of the fluid bladder layer, and varying the spring characteristics of the support columns in the underlying foam layer by hollowing them out to differing degrees, adjusting their spacing, and selectively tying adjacent columns together.
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5857749A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-12
申请号：US654102
申请日：1996-05-28
CPC分类号： A47C7/022 , A61G5/1043 , A61G5/1045 , A61G5/1091
摘要： A seat assembly (21) for a wheelchair including a relatively rigid seat base (12) of substantially uniform thickness with an upwardly facing contoured top surface (14) and a cushion assembly mounted on the seat base. The cushion assembly includes a relatively soft foam member (30) substantially covering the seat base (12) for localized deformation of the foam member and for communication of the influence of contours on the seat base (12) through the foam member (30) to the user. In the preferred form, a flexible pouch (40) having a viscous fluid-like material contained therein is positioned in a recess (38) in the foam member (30) in the area of the user's ischial tuberosities and coccyx, and a water-impervious, flexible elastomeric envelope (50) completely surrounds the foam member (30) and the fluid-containing pouch (40). The fluid pouch (40) has a size greater than the plan area of recess (38) in the foam member (30) and is placed in a semi-collapsed condition in the recess so as to be displaceable without hammocking. Additionally, elastomeric envelope (50) has a sheet area greater than the area of the semi-collapsed fluid pouch (40) to ensure that the envelope (50) does not hammock under the user's weight. Finally, a hydrophobic cover (60) can be mounted over the cushion assembly and to the seat base (12). A method of supporting a user on a wheelchair seat assembly is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 一种用于轮椅的座椅组件（21），其包括具有基本均匀厚度的相对刚性的座椅底座（12），具有向上的轮廓顶部表面（14）和安装在座椅底座上的缓冲组件。 衬垫组件包括基本上覆盖座椅基座（12）的相对软的泡沫构件（30），用于泡沫构件的局部变形，并且用于通过泡沫构件（30）将座椅基座（12）上的轮廓的影响传递到 用户。 在优选形式中，其中容纳有粘性流体状材料的柔性袋（40）位于使用者坐骨结节和尾骨的区域中的泡沫构件（30）中的凹部（38）中， 不透水的柔性弹性体外壳（50）完全包围泡沫构件（30）和流体容纳袋（40）。 流体袋（40）具有大于泡沫构件（30）中的凹部（38）的平面面积的尺寸，并且在凹部中以半折叠状态放置，以便能够不起吊床地移动。 此外，弹性体外壳（50）具有大于半塌陷流体袋（40）的面积的片区域，以确保信封（50）在使用者的重量下不吊床。 最后，可以将疏水盖（60）安装在衬垫组件和座椅底座（12）上。 还公开了一种在轮椅座椅组件上支撑使用者的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US5390384A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-21
申请号：US106420
申请日：1993-08-13
CPC分类号： A47C7/021 , A47C7/022 , A61G5/1045
摘要： A seating system primarily intended for use with wheelchairs. The seating system includes a relatively rigid, shaped tray and a fluid pad. The tray has a forward section to support the user's thighs and a rearward section with a depressed, contoured seating well to support the user's buttocks including his ischial tuberosities. The seating well includes a bottom portion and a U-shaped rim portion extending about it. The fluid pad contains a fixed volume of incompressible fluid and is provided and dimensioned to be bunched up and received in the seating well of the tray. The seating system also includes a self-adjusting feature to automatically and properly fit a user based on his weight. This is accomplished in the preferred embodiments by adding a layer of resilient, compressible foam over the upper surface of the rim portion of the seating well between the fluid pad and the rim portion. The foam is dimensioned and chosen to selectively occupy varying amounts of the volume of the seating well (i.e., creating an effective seating well volume) in proportion to the weight of the user. In all embodiments, the resulting seating system automatically modifies the effective seating well volume of the tray in proportion to the user's weight for a safe and proper fit for all users including both light and heavier ones.
摘要翻译： 主要用于轮椅的座椅系统。 座椅系统包括相对刚性的成形托盘和流体垫。 托盘具有前部以支撑使用者的大腿和具有凹陷的轮廓座位的后部，以支撑包括他的坐骨结节在内的使用者的臀部。 座位井包括底部和围绕其延伸的U形边缘部分。 流体垫包含固定体积的不可压缩流体，并且其设置和尺寸设计成被聚束并容纳在托盘的安放孔中。 座椅系统还包括自调整功能，可根据自己的重量自动适当地使用户适合。 这在优选实施例中通过在座垫的边缘部分的上表面上在流体垫和边缘部分之间添加一层弹性的可压缩泡沫来实现。 泡沫的尺寸和尺寸被选择成与使用者的重量成比例地选择性地占据了不同数量的座位孔的体积（即，产生有效的就座体积）。 在所有实施例中，所得到的座椅系统与用户的重量成比例地自动修改托盘的有效座椅孔体积，以便安全和适当地适合于包括轻型和较重型的所有用户。
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公开(公告)号：US5836654A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-17
申请号：US915351
申请日：1997-08-20
CPC分类号： A47C7/022 , A61G5/1043 , A61G5/1045 , A61G5/1091
摘要： A seat assembly (21) for a wheelchair including a relatively rigid seat base (12) of substantially uniform thickness with an upwardly facing contoured top surface (14) and a cushion assembly mounted on the seat base. The cushion assembly includes a relatively soft foam member (30) substantially covering the seat base (12) for localized deformation of the foam member and for communication of the influence of contours on the seat base (12) through the foam member (30) to the user. In the preferred form, a flexible pouch (40) having a viscous fluid-like material contained therein is positioned in a recess (38) in the foam member (30) in the area of the user's ischial tuberosities and coccyx, and a water-impervious, flexible elastomeric envelope (50) completely surrounds the foam member (30) and the fluid-containing pouch (40). The fluid pouch (40) has a size greater than the plan area of recess (38) in the foam member (30) and is placed in a semi-collapsed condition in the recess so as to be displaceable without hammocking. Additionally, elastomeric envelope (50) has a sheet area greater than the area of the semi-collapsed fluid pouch (40) to ensure that the envelope (50) does not hammock under the user's weight. Finally, a hydrophobic cover (60) can be mounted over the cushion assembly and to the seat base (12). A method of supporting a user on a wheelchair seat assembly is also disclosed.
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公开(公告)号：US5556168A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-17
申请号：US261529
申请日：1994-06-17
CPC分类号： A61G5/1067 , A61G5/12 , Y10S297/04
摘要： A wheelchair back assembly suitable for detachable mounting to the back-supporting posts of a wheelchair. The back assembly includes a relatively rigid shell member carrying post-engaging hooks and a plurality of mounting units formed to be mounted on the wheelchair posts. The mounting units are further formed to slidably receive and automatically releasably lock a pair of the post-engaging hooks on the shell member to the posts against unintentional removal of the back assembly from the wheelchair during normal use of the wheelchair. The mounting units are also formed for single-handed automatic unlocking and release of the pair of hooks from the mounting units and posts upon rotation of the shell member forwardly over the wheelchair seat by an amount in excess of any displacement occurring during normal use of the wheelchair.
摘要翻译： 一种轮椅背部组件，适用于可拆卸地安装到轮椅的后支撑柱上。 背部组件包括承载后接合钩的相对刚性的外壳构件和形成为安装在轮椅柱上的多个安装单元。 安装单元进一步形成为在轮椅的正常使用期间可滑动地容纳并自动地将一对后接合钩锁定在壳构件上，从而防止背组件从轮椅上脱离。 安装单元还形成为用于在外壳构件在轮椅座椅上向前旋转超过在正常使用期间发生的任何位移的量时，将一对钩从安装单元和柱上单手自动解锁和释放 轮椅。
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公开(公告)号：US6032300A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-07
申请号：US226311
申请日：1999-01-07
CPC分类号： A63B71/08 , A41D13/015 , A41D13/065 , A41D31/0044 , A42B3/125 , A41D13/0568 , A41D13/0593 , Y10S5/911 , Y10T428/239 , Y10T428/249953
摘要： Protective padding primarily intended for use in sports gear. In a first set of preferred embodiments, the pads include flexible, outer casings of porous, breathable, inelastic material overfilled with resilient, discrete beads of elastic material. The beads are initially in compressed states within the casing and place the outer, inelastic casing in tension. When a blow or force is applied, the beads are further compressed to absorb and dissipate the impact. Additionally, the applied blow or force will increase the tension in the outer casing to even further compress the elastic beads for better absorption and dissipation of the impact. In use, the porous pads are compressed and rebound to create a pumping effect that circulates air into and out of the pads drawing heat and perspiration from the athlete's body and keeping the athlete cool and dry. If desired, the pad can be secured directly to the athlete's jersey to enhance this pumping effect as well as the dissipation of the force of any impact. In an alternate embodiment, the outer casing is made of an elastic material that is overfilled to its elastic limit to act in the manner of the preferred embodiments. In a second set of preferred embodiments, the outer casings of the pads are actually filled no more than a simple gravity fill (i.e., 100%) and preferably are underfilled (e.g., 90%) to less than a gravity fill. This second set of pads is preferably used in combination with a hard, outer shell. Variations of the basic features of the first and second sets of pads are also disclosed. All of the pads of the present invention are lightweight and washable and can be adapted and integrated into a wide variety of items.
摘要翻译： 防护垫主要用于运动装备。 在第一组优选实施例中，垫包括多孔的，透气的非弹性材料的柔性外壳，其过度填充有弹性的离散的弹性材料珠。 珠子最初处于壳体内的压缩状态，并使外部非弹性套管处于张力状态。 当施加吹力或力时，珠被进一步压缩以吸收和消散冲击。 此外，施加的吹力或力将增加外壳中的张力，以进一步压缩弹性珠以更好地吸收和消散冲击。 在使用中，多孔垫被压缩和反弹以产生泵送效果，其将空气循环进入和吸出垫，从运动员的身体吸收热量和出汗并保持运动员的凉爽和干燥。 如果需要，垫可以直接固定到运动衫的球衣上，以增强这种泵送效果以及任何冲击力的消散。 在替代实施例中，外壳由弹性材料制成，该弹性材料超过其弹性极限以按照优选实施例的方式起作用。 在第二组优选实施例中，垫的外壳实际上填充不超过简单的重力填充（即，100％），并且优选地未填充（例如，90％）以小于重力填充。 该第二组垫优选与硬的外壳结合使用。 还公开了第一组和第二组焊盘的基本特征的变化。 本发明的所有垫都是轻质且可洗涤的，并且可以适应和集成到各种各样的物品中。
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