公开(公告)号：US06388615B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-14

申请号：US09587758

申请日：2000-06-06

申请人： Donald C. D. Chang ,  Ying Feria ,  Weizheng Wang ,  Alan Cha ,  Ming Chang ,  Frank A. Hagen ,  Kar W. Yung

发明人： Donald C. D. Chang ,  Ying Feria ,  Weizheng Wang ,  Alan Cha ,  Ming Chang ,  Frank A. Hagen ,  Kar W. Yung

IPC分类号： H01Q322

CPC分类号： H04B7/18504 ,  H04B7/0617 ,  H04B7/086

摘要： A system and method for tracking a user. The system is adapted for use in a wireless communication system and creates a plurality of beams within a coverage area. A first beam is directed at a user in a first microcell and a number of additional beams illuminate microcells immediately adjacent the first microcell. The system is equipped with a mechanism for detecting movement of the user from the first microcell to one of the immediately adjacent microcells. On the detection of movement of the user, the system redirects the first beam from the first microcell to a second microcell, the second microcell being one of the adjacent microcells. In the illustrative embodiment, the system is implemented in a stratospheric platform based communication system including a hub adapted to communicate with a stratospheric platform. A transceiver and a phased array antenna are disposed on the platform to communicate with the hub and with the user. A second antenna is provided on the platform to communicate with the hub. Beamforming and direction are implemented on the hub and communicated to the platform. The user's position is detected with a global positioning system receiver, by measuring the strength of a signal received from the user, or by other suitable means. On detection of user movement from the first microcell, the beamforming system redirects the beam to follow the user into a second microcell. Additional beams around the user's microcell are illuminated to facilitate detection of the users movement.

公开(公告)号：US06914557B2

公开(公告)日：2005-07-05

申请号：US09947422

申请日：2001-09-05

申请人： Donald C. D. Chang ,  Ying Feria ,  Weizheng Wang ,  Alan G. Cha ,  Ming U. Chang ,  Frank A. Hagen ,  Kar W. Yung

发明人： Donald C. D. Chang ,  Ying Feria ,  Weizheng Wang ,  Alan G. Cha ,  Ming U. Chang ,  Frank A. Hagen ,  Kar W. Yung

IPC分类号： H04B7/06 ,  H04B7/08 ,  H04B7/185

CPC分类号： H04B7/18504 ,  H04B7/0617 ,  H04B7/086

摘要： A system and method for tracking a user. The system is adapted for use in a wireless communication system and creates a plurality of beams within a coverage area. A first beam is directed at a user in a first microcell and a number of additional beams illuminate microcells immediately adjacent the first microcell. The system is equipped with a mechanism for detecting movement of the user from the first microcell to one of the immediately adjacent microcells. On the detection of movement of the user, the system redirects the first beam from the first microcell to a second microcell, the second microcell being one of the adjacent microcells. In the illustrative embodiment, the system is implemented in a stratospheric platform based communication system including a hub adapted to communicate with a stratospheric platform. A transceiver and a phased array antenna are disposed on the platform to communicate with the hub and with the user. A second antenna is provided on the platform to communicate with the hub. Beamforming and direction are implemented on the hub and communicated to the platform. The user's position is detected with a global positioning system receiver, by measuring the strength of a signal received from the user, or by other suitable means. On detection of user movement from the first microcell, the beamforming system redirects the beam to follow the user into a second microcell. Additional beams around the user's microcell are illuminated to facilitate detection of the users movement.

摘要翻译： 用于跟踪用户的系统和方法。 该系统适用于无线通信系统，并在覆盖区域内创建多个波束。 第一光束被引导到第一微小区中的用户，并且多个附加光束照亮紧邻第一微小区的微小区。 该系统配备有用于检测用户从第一微小区到紧邻的微小区之一的移动的机制。 在检测用户的移动时，系统将第一光束从第一微小区重定向到第二微小区，第二微小区是相邻微小区之一。 在说明性实施例中，该系统在基于平流层平台的通信系统中实现，其包括适于与平流层平台通信的集线器。 收发器和相控阵天线设置在平台上以与集线器和用户通信。 在平台上提供第二天线以与集线器通信。 波束形成和方向在集线器上实现并传达到平台。 通过测量从用户接收的信号的强度，或通过其他合适的方式，用全球定位系统接收机检测用户的位置。 在检测到来自第一微小区的用户移动时，波束成形系统重定向波束以跟随用户进入第二微小区。 用户微单元周围的附加光束被照亮以便于检测用户的移动。

公开(公告)号：US06757546B1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-29

申请号：US09644225

申请日：2000-08-21

申请人： Frank A. Hagen ,  Kar W. Yung ,  Ying Feria ,  Donald C. D. Chang

发明人： Frank A. Hagen ,  Kar W. Yung ,  Ying Feria ,  Donald C. D. Chang

IPC分类号： H04B1500

CPC分类号： H04B7/18504 ,  H04B7/18506 ,  H04B7/18532 ,  H04B7/18534 ,  H04B7/212

摘要： A mobile wireless communications system including a plurality of individual transponding nodes of various types, all in communication with a central processing hub. A local user signal is processed by the central processing hub and radiated through multiple paths to a plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms simultaneously. The signal is then re-radiated by each of the plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms to a mobile terminal that receives the re-radiated signal from the plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms coherently and in phase. The central hub synchronizes both the signals received and transmitted from each user through one or more of the transponding nodes. This synchronization is such that the relative arrival time of the PN encoded data in the user signals is synchronized to within a fraction of a chip in both the forward and return links. The central hub also synchronizes the carrier phase of the user signals to within a fraction of a wavelength in both the forward and return links.

摘要翻译： 一种移动无线通信系统，包括多个各种类型的单个转发节点，全部与中央处理集线器通信。 本地用户信号由中央处理集线器处理，并通过多个路径同时辐射到多个单独的转发平台。 然后，信号被多个多个单独的转发平台中的每一个重新辐射到移动终端，该移动终端相干地并且相位地从多个多个单独的转发平台接收再发射的信号。 中心枢纽同时通过一个或多个转发节点从每个用户接收和发送的信号。 这种同步使得PN编码数据在用户信号中的相对到达时间在前向链路和返回链路中同步到芯片的一小部分内。 中央集线器还将用户信号的载波相位同步到前向链路和返回链路中的波长的一小部分内。

公开(公告)号：US06756937B1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-29

申请号：US09588395

申请日：2000-06-06

申请人： Donald C. D. Chang ,  Ming U. Chang ,  Ying Feria ,  Weizheng Wang ,  Alan Cha ,  Kar W. Yung ,  Frank A. Hagen

发明人： Donald C. D. Chang ,  Ming U. Chang ,  Ying Feria ,  Weizheng Wang ,  Alan Cha ,  Kar W. Yung ,  Frank A. Hagen

IPC分类号： H04B7185

CPC分类号： H04B7/18504 ,  H04B7/2041

摘要： A communication system including a first transceiver located on a first platform at a predetermined altitude. A first antenna is located on the first platform and connected to the first transceiver. A second antenna is connected to the other end of the first transceiver. A second transceiver is located on a ground hub physically and independent of the first platform. A third antenna is located on the ground hub and connected to the second transceiver. The third antenna is adapted to communicate with the second antenna. The first platform is maintained in a stratospheric orbit. A beamforming system is connected to the second transceiver and mounted on the ground hub. The beamforming system provides a beamformed signal from the second transceiver to the first transceiver effective to drive the first array antenna to radiate multiple beams to a surface, whereby the multiple beams create time varying and dissimilar footprints thereon. A second antenna is mounted on the first platform to receive the beamformed signal from the ground hub. The beamforming system is adapted to drive the first antenna to generate plural beams on the earth's surface, each beam providing a respective footprint or cell. Each beam tracks a respective user located at a center of each cell. The system allows for narrow beams to be created which, in turn, enables frequency reuse. A code is assigned to each beam and a mechanism is provided for preventing a user from receiving more than one beam with a given code. This mechanism is adapted to anticipate a condition by which a user will move to a location at which the user would receive more than one beam with a given code. The mechanism will quickly assign a second code to at least one beam prior to the arrival of the user at that position.

摘要翻译： 一种通信系统，包括位于第一平台上的预定高度的第一收发器。 第一天线位于第一平台上并连接到第一收发器。 第二天线连接到第一收发器的另一端。 第二收发器位于物理上和独立于第一平台的地面集线器上。 第三个天线位于地面集线器上并连接到第二个收发器。 第三天线适于与第二天线通信。 第一个平台保持在平流层轨道上。 波束成形系统连接到第二收发器并且安装在地面集线器上。 波束形成系统提供来自第二收发器的波束形成的信号到第一收发器，其有效地驱动第一阵列天线以将多个波束辐射到表面，由此多个波束在其上产生时变和不同的足迹。 第二天线安装在第一平台上以从地面集线器接收波束形成的信号。 波束形成系统适于驱动第一天线以在地球表面上产生多个波束，每个波束提供相应的覆盖区或小区。 每个光束跟踪位于每个单元的中心的相应用户。 该系统允许创建窄波束，这反过来使得能够进行频率重用。 代码被分配给每个波束，并且提供了一种用于防止用户以给定代码接收多于一个波束的机制。 该机制适于预测用户将移动到用户将使用给定代码接收多于一个的一个位置的状况。 该机制将在用户到达该位置之前在至少一个波束上快速分配第二代码。

公开(公告)号：US5142291A

公开(公告)日：1992-08-25

申请号：US563129

申请日：1990-08-03

申请人： Donald C. D. Chang ,  Joseph G. Gurley ,  Frank A. Hagen ,  Samuel C. Reynolds ,  Kar W. Yung

发明人： Donald C. D. Chang ,  Joseph G. Gurley ,  Frank A. Hagen ,  Samuel C. Reynolds ,  Kar W. Yung

IPC分类号： G01K11/00

CPC分类号： G01K11/006

摘要： A technique for near-field tomographic imaging using a multiple-receiver correlating interferometer. A target object or scene to be imaged is located in a near-field or Fresnel region of a receiver system. The target object radiates or reflects a signal that is sensed by a plurality of antennas. The received signals are correlated using conventional correlation algorithms. An image pixel for a focal point is then computed by correcting a differential time delay between a signal emitted at the focal point and received at first and second antennas. The system is focused on the target object by correcting a phase term of the correlation algorithms. The phase term is corrected by multiplying the correlation algorithms by a phase factor. A peak correlated value is developed when the focal point is at the target object location. A series of snapshots is generated from data produced by the focussing process, as the focal point is moved through the scene. The snapshots are successively superimposed, using tomographic techniques, to form a high resolution image map. The system achieves extremely high resolutions, rivalling those of synthetic aperture radar.

公开(公告)号：US07215954B1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-08

申请号：US09587960

申请日：2000-06-06

申请人： Kar W. Yung ,  Frank A. Hagen ,  Donald C. D. Chang

发明人： Kar W. Yung ,  Frank A. Hagen ,  Donald C. D. Chang

IPC分类号： H04Q7/20

CPC分类号： H04B7/18539

摘要： A mobile wireless communications system including a plurality of individual transponding nodes of various types, all in communication with a central processing hub. A local user signal is processed by the central processing hub and radiated through multiple paths to a plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms simultaneously. The signal is then re-radiated by each of the plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms to a mobile terminal that receives the re-radiated signal from the plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms coherently and in phase. The number of transponders and codes used to transmit each user signal can be readily adapted to user requirements. Additionally, each user is assigned a profit value by the central processing hub depending upon certain user characteristics. The assigned user profit value allows the total system utility/profitability to be maximized.

摘要翻译： 一种移动无线通信系统，包括多个各种类型的单个转发节点，全部与中央处理集线器通信。 本地用户信号由中央处理集线器处理，并通过多个路径同时辐射到多个单独的转发平台。 然后，信号被多个多个单独的转发平台中的每一个重新辐射到移动终端，该移动终端相干地并且相位地从多个多个单独的转发平台接收再发射的信号。 用于发送每个用户信号的转发器和代码的数量可以容易地适应用户需求。 此外，根据某些用户特征，每个用户被中央处理集线器分配利润值。 分配的用户利润值允许最大化整个系统效用/盈利能力。

公开(公告)号：US06909875B1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-21

申请号：US09576648

申请日：2000-05-22

申请人： Kar W. Yung ,  Frank A. Hagen ,  Donald C. D. Chang

发明人： Kar W. Yung ,  Frank A. Hagen ,  Donald C. D. Chang

IPC分类号： H01Q3/26 ,  H04B7/185 ,  H04B7/212 ,  H04B7/26

CPC分类号： H04B7/18504 ,  H04B7/18506 ,  H04B7/18532 ,  H04B7/18534 ,  H04B7/212

摘要： A mobile wireless communications system including a plurality of individual transponding nodes of various types, all in communication with a central processing hub. A local user signal is processed by the central processing hub and radiated through multiple paths to a plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms simultaneously. The signal is then re-radiated by each of the plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms to a mobile terminal that receives the re-radiated signal from the plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms coherently and in phase. The number of transponders and codes used to transmit each user signal can be readily adapted to user requirements.

摘要翻译： 一种移动无线通信系统，包括多个各种类型的单个转发节点，全部与中央处理集线器通信。 本地用户信号由中央处理集线器处理，并通过多个路径同时辐射到多个单独的转发平台。 然后，信号被多个多个单独的转发平台中的每一个重新辐射到移动终端，该移动终端相干地并且相位地从多个多个单独的转发平台接收再发射的信号。 用于发送每个用户信号的转发器和代码的数量可以容易地适应用户需求。

公开(公告)号：US06785553B2

公开(公告)日：2004-08-31

申请号：US09841110

申请日：2001-04-24

申请人： Donald C. D. Chang ,  Kar W. Yung ,  David C. Cheng ,  Ming U. Chang ,  Frank A. Hagen

发明人： Donald C. D. Chang ,  Kar W. Yung ,  David C. Cheng ,  Ming U. Chang ,  Frank A. Hagen

IPC分类号： H04Q720

CPC分类号： G01S19/40 ,  G01S5/14 ,  G01S19/07 ,  G01S19/15 ,  H04B7/18504 ,  H04B7/18532 ,  H04B7/18534

摘要： A method and system for using two-way ranging navigation to accurately determine the location of a transponder platform above-Earth or a fixed or mobile target on the ground or on water. The two-way ranging navigation measurements are used as calibration references, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of GPS. The system includes GPS and a two-way ranging navigation system for taking position measurements of a target. A correction factor is determined as a function of the measurements and the GPS position is adjusted by the correction factor. The method for calibrating GPS using two-way ranging navigation involves taking a two-way ranging navigation measurement and a GPS measurement of a target, determining a correction factor as a function of the measurements, and correcting the GPS position by taking a second GPS measurement and adjusting it by the correction factor.

摘要翻译： 一种使用双向测距导航准确地确定地球上的应答器平台或地面或水上固定或移动目标的位置的方法和系统。 双向测距导航测量用作校准参考，从而提高GPS的定位精度。 该系统包括GPS和用于对目标进行位置测量的双向测距导航系统。 作为测量的函数确定校正因子，并且通过校正因子来调整GPS位置。 使用双向测距导航来校准GPS的方法包括进行目标的双向测距导航测量和GPS测量，确定作为测量的函数的校正因子，以及通过进行第二GPS测量来校正GPS位置 并通过校正因子进行调整。

公开(公告)号：US07089000B1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-08

申请号：US09584012

申请日：2000-05-30

申请人： Ming U. Chang ,  Kar W. Yung ,  Frank A. Hagen ,  Donald C. D. Chang

发明人： Ming U. Chang ,  Kar W. Yung ,  Frank A. Hagen ,  Donald C. D. Chang

IPC分类号： H04Q7/20

CPC分类号： H04B7/18534

摘要： A mobile wireless communications system including a plurality of individual transponding platforms all in communication with a central processing hub. A signal processed by the central processing hub is radiated simultaneously through multiple paths to a plurality of the individual transponding platforms. The signal transmitted to each transponding platform by the hub is appropriately delayed by the hub so as to equalize the differential delay of all such signals from a given receiver location. The radiated signal is then re-radiated by each of the plurality of individual transponding platforms to a mobile satellite terminal that receives the re-radiated signal from the plurality of individual transponding platforms. The signals from the plurality of transponding platforms are all received coherently by the intended user, and incoherently by all other users.

摘要翻译： 一种移动无线通信系统，包括与中央处理集线器通信的多个单独的转发平台。 由中央处理集线器处理的信号同时通过多个路径被辐射到多个单独的转发平台。 由集线器传输到每个转发平台的信号由集线器适当地延迟，以便均衡来自给定接收机位置的所有这些信号的差分延迟。 然后，辐射信号被多个单独的转发平台中的每一个重新辐射到从多个单独的转发平台接收再发射信号的移动卫星终端。 来自多个转发平台的信号都被预期用户相干接收，并且被所有其他用户不连贯地接收。

公开(公告)号：US06990314B1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-24

申请号：US09576652

申请日：2000-05-22

申请人： Frank A. Hagen ,  Richard Flammang ,  Kar W. Yung ,  Donald C. D. Chang

发明人： Frank A. Hagen ,  Richard Flammang ,  Kar W. Yung ,  Donald C. D. Chang

IPC分类号： H04B7/19

CPC分类号： H04B7/18534

摘要： A wireless communication system includes a satellite constellation consisting of a plurality of satellites. Each of the plurality of satellites is in an orbit whose eccentricity and inclination are perturbed relative to the same geosynchronous orbit. Each of the satellites in the constellation is capable of relaying signals in either direction between a central ground hub and a plurality of mobile user terminals. The plurality of satellites are configured such that the period of their geosynchronous orbit remains substantially constant at one sidereal day.

摘要翻译： 无线通信系统包括由多个卫星组成的卫星星座。 多个卫星中的每一个都在相对于相同的地球同步轨道扰动其偏心和倾斜的轨道中。 星座中的每颗卫星能够在中央地面集线器和多个移动用户终端之间的任一方向上中继信号。 多个卫星被配置为使得它们的地球同步轨道的周期在一个恒星天数保持基本恒定。