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公开(公告)号：US4293390A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-06
申请号：US90076
申请日：1979-10-31
CPC分类号： C10J3/002 , C10B7/02 , C10G1/02 , C10J3/32 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/84 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/1253 , C10J2300/1807 , C10J2300/1869 , C10J2300/1884 , C10J2300/1892
摘要： Process and apparatus are disclosed for recovering liquid and gaseous fuel from solid hydrocarbon-containing mineral material such as bitumen-containing mineral materials exemplified by tar sands or oil-bearing diatomites, without expensive pretreatment to separate the hydrocarbon containing material from material containing no hydrocarbon. The hydrocarbon-containing material is agglomerated into discrete pieces that are treated on a traveling grate such as a circular traveling grate and subjected to sequential treatments in which hot gases are passed upwardly or downwardly through a relatively deep permeable bed of the pieces on the grate, in several treating zones separated by transverse gas seals and sealed at the side edges by suitable gas seals. All, or essentially all, of the heat required is obtained in a coke burn-off zone from combustion of coke that remains in the material on the grate after the volatile hydrocarbons have been removed by distillation in an earlier distillation zone. Part of the gas from the distillation zone is continually recycled to pass through the hot material on the grate in a zone following the coke burn-off zone to transfer heat by the gas to the distillation zone and to cool the spent material on the grate before it leaves the grate. Water gas may be produced by passing steam through material containing residual coke, in a treating zone following and preferably near or adjacent the coke burn-off zone. Because of high temperatures in the coke burn-off zone the agglomerated pieces are sintered, and may be glazed, to provide spent pieces that are useful and of economic value.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于从固体含烃矿物材料（例如沥青砂或含油硅藻土示例的含沥青的矿物材料）中回收液体和气体燃料的方法和装置，而不需要昂贵的预处理以将含烃材料与不含烃的材料分离。 含烃材料被聚集成离散的碎片，其在诸如圆形移动炉排的行进炉排上进行处理，并进行连续处理，其中热气体通过上部或下部通过炉排上的相对较深的可渗透床进入， 在多个处理区域中，由横向气体密封分隔，并通过合适的气体密封在侧边缘密封。 所有或基本上所有的热量在焦炭燃烧区中获得，在焦炭燃烧过程中，在早期蒸馏区中通过蒸馏除去挥发性烃后，残留在炉排材料中的焦炭燃烧。 来自蒸馏区的气体的一部分被连续地再循环，以通过焦炭燃烧区之后的区域中的炉排上的热材料，以将气体的热量传递到蒸馏区，并在炉排之前冷却废料。 它离开了炉排。 水煤气可以通过使蒸汽通过含有残留焦炭的材料，在处理区之后，优选在焦炭燃烧区附近或附近。 由于焦炭燃烧区域的高温，附聚块被烧结并且可能会上釉，以提供有用且具有经济价值的废料。
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公开(公告)号：US4200517A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-29
申请号：US857131
申请日：1977-12-05
CPC分类号： C10G1/02
摘要： Process and apparatus are disclosed for recovering liquid and gaseous fuel from solid hydrocarbon-containing mineral material such as bitumen-containing mineral materials exemplified by tar sands or oil-bearing diatomites, without expensive pretreatment to separate the hydrocarbon containing material from material containing no hydrocarbon. The hydrocarbon-containing material is agglomerated into discrete pieces that are treated on a traveling grate such as a circular traveling grate and subjected to sequential treatments in which hot gases are passed upwardly or downwardly through a relatively deep permeable bed of the pieces on the grate, in several treating zones separated by transverse gas seals and sealed at the side edges by suitable gas seals. All, or essentially all, of the heat required is obtained in a coke burn-off zone from combustion of coke that remains in the material on the grate after the volatile hydrocarbons have been removed by distillation in an earlier distillation zone. Part of the gas from the distillation zone is continually recycled to pass through the hot material on the grate in a zone following the coke burn-off zone to transfer heat by the gas to the distillation zone and to cool the spent material on the grate before it leaves the grate. Water gas may be produced by passing steam through material containing residual coke, in a treating zone following and preferably near or adjacent the coke burn-off zone. Because of high temperatures in the coke burn-off zone the agglomerated pieces are sintered, and may be glazed, to provide spent pieces that are useful and of economic value.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于从固体含烃矿物材料（例如沥青砂或含油硅藻土示例的含沥青的矿物材料）中回收液体和气体燃料的方法和装置，而不需要昂贵的预处理以将含烃材料与不含烃的材料分离。 含烃材料被聚集成离散的碎片，其在诸如圆形移动炉排的行进炉排上进行处理，并进行连续处理，其中热气体通过上部或下部通过炉排上的相对较深的可渗透床进入， 在多个处理区域中，由横向气体密封分隔，并通过合适的气体密封在侧边缘密封。 所有或基本上所有的热量在焦炭燃烧区中获得，在焦炭燃烧过程中，在早期蒸馏区中通过蒸馏除去挥发性烃后，残留在炉排材料中的焦炭燃烧。 来自蒸馏区的气体的一部分被连续地再循环，以通过焦炭燃烧区之后的区域中的炉排上的热材料，以将气体的热量传递到蒸馏区，并在炉排之前冷却废料。 它离开了炉排。 水煤气可以通过使蒸汽通过含有残留焦炭的材料，在处理区之后，优选在焦炭燃烧区附近或附近。 由于焦炭燃烧区域的高温，附聚块被烧结并且可能会上釉，以提供有用且具有经济价值的废料。
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公开(公告)号：US4083944A
公开(公告)日：1978-04-11
申请号：US751658
申请日：1976-12-17
申请人： Franklin S. Chalmers
发明人： Franklin S. Chalmers
CPC分类号： C01B17/05 , B01D53/501
摘要： A continuous process is disclosed for removing sulfur dioxide from stack gases or other gaseous effluents without prior gas cleaning or dust removal and for converting the sulfur values to industrially useable elemental sulfur. The uncleaned gaseous effluent is scrubbed using a buffered absorbent to absorb the SO.sub.2 and remove particulate material, and the undissolved particulate material is removed from the scrubbing liquor as by filtration. The scrubbing liquor is then contacted with sulfide ion to form elemental sulfur while regenerating the absorbent in the liquor. Most of the liquor is separated from the precipitated sulfur and solid impurities, and the remaining material is heated to permit gravity separation of molten sulfur, scrubbing liquor and impurities. The separated scrubbing liquor is recycled for the scrubbing steps.The process is particularly advantageous when employing a sulfide ion source, such as sodium bisulfide or the like, to precipitate elemental sulfur. The NaHS solution is regenerated, for example by treating a portion of the scrubber effluent with calcium sulfide.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种连续的方法，用于在没有先前的气体清洁或除尘并且将硫值转化为工业上可用的元素硫的情况下从堆叠气体或其它气体流出物中除去二氧化硫。 使用缓冲吸收剂洗涤未清洁的气体流出物以吸收SO 2并除去颗粒物质，并且通过过滤从洗涤液中除去未溶解的颗粒物质。 然后将洗涤液与硫化物离子接触以形成元素硫，同时在液体中再生吸收剂。 大部分液体与沉淀的硫和固体杂质分离，并且剩余的材料被加热以允许重力分离熔融硫，洗涤液体和杂质。 将分离的洗涤液再循环用于洗涤步骤。
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