公开(公告)号：US3940515A

公开(公告)日：1976-02-24

申请号：US316805

申请日：1972-12-20

申请人： Fritz Mayer ,  Rudolf Keller ,  Werner Kunz

发明人： Fritz Mayer ,  Rudolf Keller ,  Werner Kunz

IPC分类号： C08J7/00 ,  C08J7/12 ,  D06M23/00 ,  D06M101/00 ,  D06M101/02 ,  C08J1/44 ,  D06P7/00

CPC分类号： D06M23/00

摘要： An improved dry process for the finishing of organic material, particularly textile material made from natural or synthetic organic fibres ist described, which comprises applying to an inert carrier preparations containing at least one textile finishing agent transferring at atmospheric pressure above 80.degree.C to the organic material, optionally a bonding agent stable below 250.degree.C, water and/or an organic solvent; drying of the said preparation; bringing into contact then of the treated side of the inert carrier with the surface of the organic material to be finished; subjecting thereupon of carrier and the material to be finished, optionally under mechanical pressure, to a heat treatment at a temperature of at least 80.degree.C until the said textile finishing agent has transferred to the material to be finished, and separating of the finished material from the carrier.The advantage of the new process is that, since there is no effluent produced, it is possible to use also textile finishing agents which are not biologically decomposable and it offers the possibility of obtaining finishing effects on the inside which differ from those on the outside surface of a fabric, such as is desired in the practice.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于整理有机材料，特别是由天然或合成有机纤维制成的纺织材料的改进的干燥方法，其包括将至少一种在80℃以上的大气压下转移的至少一种纺织整理剂的惰性载体制剂施用于有机 材料，任选的稳定在250℃以下的粘合剂，水和/或有机溶剂; 干燥所述制剂; 使惰性载体的处理侧与待完成的有机材料的表面接触; 任选地在机械压力下对载体和待完成材料进行处理，在至少80℃的温度下进行热处理，直到所述纺织品整理剂转移到待完成的材料，并将成品材料分离 从承运人。

公开(公告)号：US5810993A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-22

申请号：US831652

申请日：1997-04-09

申请人： Rudolf Keller ,  Kirk T. Larimer

发明人： Rudolf Keller ,  Kirk T. Larimer

IPC分类号： C25C3/34

CPC分类号： C25C3/34

摘要： A method of producing neodymium in an electrolytic cell without formation of perfluorinated carbon gases (PFCs), the method comprising the steps of providing an electrolyte in the electrolytic cell and providing an anode in an anode region of the electrolyte and providing a cathode in a cathode region of the electrolytic cell. Dissolving an oxygen-containing neodymium compound in the electrolyte in the anode region and maintaining a more intense electrolyte circulation in the anode region than in the cathode region. Passing an electrolytic current between said anode and said cathode and depositing neodymium metal at the cathode, preventing the formation of perfluorinated carbon gases by limiting anode over voltage.

摘要翻译： 一种在不形成全氟化碳气体的情况下在电解槽中生产钕的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：在电解池中提供电解质，并在电解质的阳极区域提供阳极，并在阴极中提供阴极 电解池的区域。 在阳极区域溶解电解质中的含氧钕化合物，并在阳极区域保持比在阴极区域更强的电解质循环。 在所述阳极和所述阴极之间传递电解电流并在阴极沉积钕金属，通过限制阳极过电压来防止全氟化碳气体的形成。

公开(公告)号：US5538604A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-23

申请号：US375790

申请日：1995-01-20

申请人： Rudolf Keller ,  C. Norman Cochran ,  David B. Stofesky

发明人： Rudolf Keller ,  C. Norman Cochran ,  David B. Stofesky

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/30 ,  A62D3/36 ,  A62D3/37 ,  A62D101/45 ,  C25C3/08

CPC分类号： A62D3/37 ,  A62D3/30 ,  C25C3/08 ,  A62D2101/45

摘要： Disclosed is an improved carbonaceous material suitable for use as a liner in an aluminum producing electrolytic cell, the cell using an electrolyte comprised of sodium containing compounds and the carbonaceous material penetrable by sodium or nitrogen and resistant to formation or accumulation of sodium cyanide during operation of the cell. The carbonaceous material is comprised of carbon and a reactive compound capable of reacting with one of sodium, nitrogen and sodium cyanide during operation of the cell to produce aluminum, the reactive compound present in an amount sufficient to suppress formation or accumulation of cyanide compounds in the liner.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种改进的碳质材料，适合用作铝生产电解槽中的衬垫，该电池使用由含钠化合物组成的电解质和可渗透钠或氮的碳质材料，并且在运行期间耐氰化钠形成或积聚 细胞。 碳质材料由碳和能够在电池操作期间与钠，氮和氰化钠中的一种反应生成铝的反应性化合物构成，反应性化合物的存在量足以抑制氰化物在 衬垫。

公开(公告)号：US3997295A

公开(公告)日：1976-12-14

申请号：US521957

申请日：1974-11-08

申请人： Rudolf Keller ,  Olaf Frei

发明人： Rudolf Keller ,  Olaf Frei

IPC分类号： G01N33/00 ,  C25C3/20 ,  G01N13/00 ,  G01N33/20

CPC分类号： G01N33/203 ,  G01N13/00 ,  Y10S436/908

摘要： A process for determining the oxide content of a molten salt charge, in particular the aluminum oxide content of cryolite-based melts. The rate of dissolution of a test piece of a material which can dissolve in the melt is determined.

摘要翻译： 用于确定熔融盐电荷的氧化物含量的方法，特别是基于冰晶石的熔体的氧化铝含量。 确定可溶解在熔体中的材料的试片的溶解速率。

公开(公告)号：US5961811A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-05

申请号：US943024

申请日：1997-10-02

申请人： Rudolf Keller

发明人： Rudolf Keller

IPC分类号： C25C3/08 ,  H01B1/06

CPC分类号： C25C3/08

摘要： Disclosed is an improved carbonaceous material suitable for use as a cathode in an aluminum producing electrolytic cell, the cell using an electrolyte comprised of sodium containing compounds. The carbonaceous material is comprised of carbon and a reactive compound capable of suppressing the formation or accumulation of sodium cyanide during operation of the cell, of reacting with sodium to reduce problems associated with sodium intercalation, and of reacting with one of titanium or zirconium to form titanium or zirconium diboride during operation of the cell to produce aluminum.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种改进的碳质材料，其适合用作制铝电解槽中的阴极，该电池使用由含钠化合物组成的电解质。 含碳材料由碳和能够抑制氰化钠在电池运行期间的形成或积聚的反应性化合物组成，与钠反应以减少与钠嵌入相关的问题，并与钛或锆之一反应形成 钛或二硼化锆在电池操作期间产生铝。

公开(公告)号：US4265716A

公开(公告)日：1981-05-05

申请号：US048332

申请日：1979-06-14

申请人： Raouf O. Loutfy ,  Rudolf Keller ,  Neng-Ping Yao

发明人： Raouf O. Loutfy ,  Rudolf Keller ,  Neng-Ping Yao

IPC分类号： C22B21/02 ,  C01F7/70 ,  C22B21/00 ,  C25C3/06

CPC分类号： C01F7/70 ,  C22B21/0053 ,  C25C3/06

摘要： Aluminous ore such as bauxite containing alumina is blended with coke or other suitable form of carbon and reacted with sulfur gas at an elevated temperature. For handling, the ore and coke can be extruded into conveniently sized pellets. The reaction with sulfur gas produces molten aluminum sulfide which is separated from residual solid reactants and impurities. The aluminum sulfide is further increased in temperature to cause its decomposition or sublimation, yielding aluminum subsulfide liquid (AlS) and sulfur gas that is recycled. The aluminum monosulfide is then cooled to below its disproportionation temperature to again form molten aluminum sulfide and aluminum metal. A liquid-liquid or liquid-solid separation, depending on the separation temperature, provides product aluminum and aluminum sulfide for recycle to the disproportionation step.

摘要翻译： 含铝矾土的铝矿与焦炭或其他合适形式的碳混合，并在高温下与硫气反应。 为了处理，矿石和焦炭可以挤出成方便尺寸的颗粒。 与硫气的反应产生熔融硫化铝，其与残留的固体反应物和杂质分离。 硫化铝的温度进一步升高，使其分解或升华，产生再循环的二硫化铝（ALS）和硫气。 然后将一硫化铝冷却至低于其歧化温度，以再次形成熔融硫化铝和铝金属。 取决于分离温度，液 - 液或液 - 固分离提供产物铝和硫化铝以再循环到歧化步骤。

公开(公告)号：US3935150A

公开(公告)日：1976-01-27

申请号：US476242

申请日：1974-06-04

申请人： Josef Oxe ,  Rudolf Keller

发明人： Josef Oxe ,  Rudolf Keller

IPC分类号： D06M11/64 ,  D06M13/322 ,  D06M13/402 ,  D06M13/46 ,  D06M15/233 ,  D06M16/00 ,  D06M13/38 ,  D06M15/26

CPC分类号： D06M13/46 ,  D06M11/64 ,  D06M13/322 ,  D06M13/402 ,  D06M15/233 ,  D06M16/00 ,  Y10S260/19 ,  Y10S260/21 ,  Y10S428/907 ,  Y10S524/911 ,  Y10S524/912 ,  Y10S524/913 ,  Y10S8/929 ,  Y10T442/2295 ,  Y10T442/2459 ,  Y10T442/2525

摘要： Disclosed is an aqueous acid solution or suspension of a preparation as well as the production thereof for the permanent finishing of fibre materials, especially dyed carpets, to render them antistatic, dirt-repellent and, optionally, antimicrobial, which aqueous preparation contains:A. 10 to 20 per cent by weight of at least one antistatic agent,B. 3 to 35 per cent by weight of a stabilised, aqueous non-film-forming dispersion of polystyrene,C. 1 to 6 percent by weight of at least one acid, especially o-phosphoric acid, andD. 0 to 5 percent by weight of further components, such as an antimicrobic agent and a solubility-promoting agent.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种制剂的酸性水溶液或悬浮液及其生产用于纤维材料，特别是染色地毯的永久整理，以使其具有抗静电，防污和任选的抗微生物剂，该含水制剂包含：

公开(公告)号：US4504369A

公开(公告)日：1985-03-12

申请号：US578021

申请日：1984-02-08

申请人： Rudolf Keller

发明人： Rudolf Keller

IPC分类号： C25C3/00 ,  C25C3/06 ,  C25C3/12

CPC分类号： C25C3/00 ,  C25C3/06 ,  C25C3/12

摘要： In the electrolytic production of metal employing nonconsumable anodes, the performance of these anodes is improved by adding predetermined measured amounts of anode constituent materials to the electrolyte melt in a controlled manner in order to control the corrosion and solubility of the anode.

摘要翻译： 在使用非消耗性阳极的金属的电解生产中，为了控制阳极的腐蚀和溶解度，以可控方式向电解质熔体中加入预定量的阳极组成材料来改善这些阳极的性能。

公开(公告)号：US3966659A

公开(公告)日：1976-06-29

申请号：US476243

申请日：1974-06-04

申请人： Josef Oxe ,  Rudolf Keller

发明人： Josef Oxe ,  Rudolf Keller

IPC分类号： D06M11/64 ,  D06M13/322 ,  D06M13/402 ,  D06M13/46 ,  D06M15/233 ,  D06M16/00 ,  C08F112/08 ,  C09K3/16

CPC分类号： D06M13/322 ,  D06M11/64 ,  D06M13/402 ,  D06M13/46 ,  D06M15/233 ,  D06M16/00 ,  Y10S524/913

摘要： Disclosed is an aqueous acid solution or suspension of a preparation as well as the production thereof for the permanent finishing of fiber materials, especially dyed carpets, to render them antistatic, dirt-repellent and, optionally, antimicrobial, which aqueous preparation contains:A. 10 to 20 per cent by weight of at least one antistatic agent,B. 3 to 35 per cent by weight of a stabilized, aqueous non-film-forming dispersion of polystyrene,C. 1 to 6 per cent by weight of at least one acid, especially o-phosphoric acid, andD. 0 to 5 per cent by weight of further components, such as an antimicrobic agent and a solubility-promoting agent.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种制剂的酸性水溶液或悬浮液及其生产用于纤维材料，特别是染色地毯的永久整理，以使其具有抗静电，防污和任选的抗微生物剂，该含水制剂包含：

公开(公告)号：US06616829B2

公开(公告)日：2003-09-09

申请号：US09834190

申请日：2001-04-13

申请人： Rudolf Keller ,  David G. Gatty ,  Brian J. Barca

发明人： Rudolf Keller ,  David G. Gatty ,  Brian J. Barca

IPC分类号： C25C308

CPC分类号： C25C3/08

摘要： A method of preparing carbonaceous blocks or bodies for use in a cathode in an electrolytic cell for producing aluminum wherein the cell contains an electrolyte and has molten aluminum contacting the cathode, the cathode having improved wettability with molten aluminum. The method comprises the steps of providing a carbonaceous block and a boron oxide containing melt. The carbonaceous block is immersed in the melt and pressure is applied to the melt to impregnate the melt into pores in the block. Thereafter, the carbonaceous block is withdrawn from the melt, the block having boron oxide containing melt intruded into pores therein, the boron oxide capable of reacting with a source of titanium or zirconium or like metal to form titanium or zirconium diboride during heatup or operation of said cell.