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公开(公告)号：US5417740A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-23
申请号：US263518
申请日：1994-06-22
CPC分类号： C21C5/35 , C21C5/28 , C21C5/466 , C21C5/5217 , C21C5/527 , C21C5/562 , C21C2007/0093 , Y02P10/216
摘要： A method of steelmaking in an at least partially refractory lined furnace. The process includes the steps of retaining a portion of a hot liquid slag from a previous heat, and altering the retained slag with basic slag forming material to increase its basicity, melting temperature, and viscosity, and to reduce its melting temperature below the melting point. The altering step is performed before charging ferrous materials for a new heat. Altered slag is then positioned on the bottom of the furnace, or on the furnace walls, or both, using a slag coating technique. Ferrous metal is then charged, after which a second charge of basic slag forming materials may be added prior to and/or during the first controllable oxygen blow. A slagging off step is conducted after less than one-half of the oxygen is introduced into the heat and when the mass of oxygen already introduced is sufficient to oxidize approximately all of the silicon introduced with hot liquid metal charged into the furnace.
摘要翻译： 在至少部分耐火内衬炉中的炼钢方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：从先前的热量中保留一部分热液体渣，并且用碱性成渣材料改变保留的炉渣以增加其碱度，熔融温度和粘度，并将其熔融温度降低到熔点以下 。 更换步骤是在向黑色金属材料充电新热之前进行的。 然后，使用熔渣涂覆技术将改变后的炉渣定位在炉底或炉壁上，或两者上。 然后加入黑色金属，然后可以在第一次可控氧气吹扫之前和/或期间加入碱性炉渣形成材料的第二次装料。 在将少于一半的氧气引入热量中并且当已经引入的氧气质量足以氧化大部分被引入炉中的热液态金属引入的硅时，进行排渣步骤。
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公开(公告)号：US5378261A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-03
申请号：US67859
申请日：1993-05-26
CPC分类号： C21C5/562 , C21C5/35 , C21C5/5217 , C21C2007/0093 , Y02P10/216
摘要： A steel making process is disclosed that utilizes solid ferrous metallic material as a substantial part of the metallic charge and uses heat released by combustion of two different types of carbonaceous materials and steel scrap that have been strategically charged inside of at least a partially refractory lined steel making vessel. One of the carbonaceous materials contains a high content of volatile hydrocarbons and is primarily responsible for early preheating and partial melting of the solid ferrous material. The second carbonaceous material contains a low content of volatile hydrocarbons and is primarily responsible for providing a reducing capability to the slag, for carburizing the melt and for providing additional heat generated by combustion which is used to enhance heating and melting of solid ferrous materials. This method of steel making also consists of the controllable introduction of oxygen rich oxidizing gas which initially is used for combustion of said hydrocarbons in the carbonaceous materials to melt solid ferrous metallic material and further is used for ignition and burning of a part of preheated solid ferrous metallic material located in central zone of the furnace and for refining the accumulated molten pool of ferrous material before tapping. Slag forming material is used at the bottom of the furnace to provide for continuous refining of molten ferrous material including removal of phosphorus and sulfur throughout entire steel making process. Liquid ferrous materials also can be charged in some embodiments of this method of steel production. Electrical energy may be used as an additional heat source to increase the metallic yield.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种炼钢工艺，其使用固体黑色金属材料作为金属装料的主要部分，并且使用两种不同类型的含碳材料和废钢的燃烧释放的热量，该两种不同类型的碳质材料和废钢已被策略性地装入至少部分耐火内衬钢 制造船只。 其中一种碳质材料含有高含量的挥发性烃类，主要负责固体亚铁材料的早期预热和部分熔融。 第二碳质材料含有低含量的挥发性烃，主要负责提供炉渣的还原能力，用于渗碳熔体，并提供用于增强固体黑色金属材料的加热和熔化的燃烧产生的额外热量。 这种炼钢方法还包括可控地引入富氧氧化气体，其最初用于燃烧碳质材料中的所述烃以熔化固体有色金属材料，并且还用于点燃和燃烧部分预热的固体亚铁 位于炉的中心区域的金属材料，并且用于在攻丝之前精炼蓄积的铁质材料池。 在炉底使用炉渣形成材料以提供熔融铁质材料的连续精炼，包括在整个炼钢过程中除去磷和硫。 在这种钢铁生产方法的一些实施例中，也可以加入液体黑色金属材料。 电能可以用作额外的热源以增加金属产量。
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公开(公告)号：US5401003A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-28
申请号：US55423
申请日：1993-04-29
申请人： Rafik Aizatulov , Grigori Galperine , Gregory M. Gitman , Iakov Grenader , Boris Kustov , Anatoly M. Sizov , Stanislav I. Zhigach
发明人： Rafik Aizatulov , Grigori Galperine , Gregory M. Gitman , Iakov Grenader , Boris Kustov , Anatoly M. Sizov , Stanislav I. Zhigach
IPC分类号： F27D1/16
CPC分类号： F27D1/1652 , F27D1/1678
摘要： A method of applying a hot composite on top of the refractory lining of steel making and processing vessels is disclosed. The composite may be applied to the refractory wall in more than one layer, including a dense intermediate layer for adhesion, and a less dense layer on top that is designed to be consumed as a slag-forming component during steel making and refining. The composite is applied by discharging a carrier gas containing a mixture of small particles, including particles of silica, particles of at least one high-temperature oxide based material and particles of solid carbonaceous fuel, through a carrier gas discharge nozzle. Additional substances may be added to the mixture to enhance the slag-forming process. A controllable flow of oxidizing gas is charged at high and preferably supersonic speed through an essentially crescent-shaped nozzle partially surrounding the carrier gas discharge nozzle. The carbonaceous fuel is ignited and rapidly burned, causing silica based material to become fluid and to coat the high-temperature oxide particles, thereby enhancing the adhering properties of said hot particles and facilitating the reaction of high-temperature oxide with the silica. The resulting hot gaseous mixture and hot particles are impacted on the refractory wall, where at least some of the hot particles adhere. By controlling the flow of oxidizable gas, the supply of fuel, or both, the amount of solid carbon in the composite applied to the refractory wall, and hence, the porosity of the deposit, is controlled.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种将热复合材料应用于炼钢和加工容器的耐火衬里顶部的方法。 复合材料可以在多于一个层中施加到耐火壁上，包括用于粘合的致密中间层，以及设计成在炼钢和精炼期间作为炉渣形成部件消耗的较不致密的层。 通过载气排出喷嘴将包含二氧化硅颗粒，至少一种高温氧化物基材料颗粒和固体碳质燃料颗粒的小颗粒混合物的载气排出，从而施加复合材料。 可以向混合物中加入另外的物质以增强成渣过程。 氧化气体的可控流动以高且优选超音速的速度通过部分地围绕载气排出喷嘴的基本上月牙形的喷嘴进行充电。 碳质燃料被点燃并迅速燃烧，导致二氧化硅基材料变成流体并涂覆高温氧化物颗粒，从而提高所述热颗粒的粘附性能，并促进高温氧化物与二氧化硅的反应。 所得到的热气体混合物和热颗粒被撞击在耐火壁上，其中至少一些热颗粒粘附。 通过控制可氧化气体的流动，控制燃料或二者的供应，施加到耐火壁上的复合材料中的固体碳量以及沉积物的孔隙率。
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公开(公告)号：US5286277A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-15
申请号：US889018
申请日：1992-05-26
CPC分类号： C21C5/562 , C21C5/35 , C21C5/5217 , C21C2007/0093 , Y02P10/216
摘要： A steelmaking process is disclosed utilizes solid ferrous metallic material as a substantial part of the metallic charge and uses heat released by combustion of two different types of carbonaceous materials and steel scrap that have been strategically charged inside of at least a partially refractory lined steelmaking vessel. One of the carbonaceous materials contains a high content of volatile hydrocarbons and is primarily responsible for early preheating and partial melting of the solid ferrous material. The second carbonaceous material contains a low content of volatile hydrocarbons and is primarily responsible for providing a reducing capability to the slag, for carburizing the melt and for providing additional heat generated by combustion which is used to enhance heating and melting of solid ferrous materials. This method of steelmaking also consists of the controllable introduction of oxygen rich oxidizing gas which initially is used for combustion of said hydrocarbons in the carbonaceous materials to melt solid ferrous metallic material and further is used for refining the resultant molten pool of ferrous material before tapping. Slag forming material is used at the bottom of the furnace to provide for continuous refining of molten ferrous material throughout entire steelmaking process. Molten blast furnace ("hot") iron also can be charged in an embodiment of this method of steel production. Electrical energy may be used as an additional heat source to increase the metallic yield.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种炼钢工艺，其使用固体黑色金属材料作为金属装料的主要部分，并且使用两种不同类型的含碳材料和废钢（4）的燃烧释放的热量，该废钢已经在至少部分地 耐火钢衬炼钢船（1）。 其中一种碳质材料含有高含量的挥发性烃类，主要负责固体亚铁材料的早期预热和部分熔融。 第二碳质材料含有低含量的挥发性烃，主要负责提供炉渣的还原能力，用于渗碳熔体，并提供用于增强固体黑色金属材料的加热和熔化的燃烧产生的额外热量。
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