公开(公告)号：US3622265A

公开(公告)日：1971-11-23

申请号：US3622265D

申请日：1968-06-14

Applicant: HYDROCARBON RESEARCH INC

Inventor： WEBER CARL L ,  WOLK RONALD H ,  CHERVENAK MICHAEL C

IPC: B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/12 ,  C01G1/00 ,  C10G13/18 ,  C10G23/06

CPC classification number: B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/12

Abstract: A method for improved separation of liquids, gases and particulate solid materials in a liquid gas contacting process wherein a liquid feed and gas usually hydrogen are passed upwardly through a bed composed of a particulate contact agent, the velocity of the gas and the liquid being such that the particles are put in a state of random motion and the volume of the bed is expanded over its static volume and wherein an area of high liquid gas and liquid turbulence and mixing is created and wherein liquid effluent and gaseous effluents are removed from the contact zone. The method consists of effecting essentially complete disengagement of the gas from the mixture of particulate solids and liquid. The gas-free liquid-solid mixture is then introduced to a zone of relatively low turbulence and liquid is then removed from this zone at a rate whose lineal velocity is less than the settling velocity of the solid, thereby allowing substantial settling of the solid and resulting in the removal of a clarified liquid. The disengaged gaseous effluent may then be removed separately or recombined and removed with the liquid effluent. Apparatus for efficiently carrying out this process are described.

公开(公告)号：US3705850A

公开(公告)日：1972-12-12

申请号：US3705850D

申请日：1971-01-08

Applicant: HYDROCARBON RESEARCH INC

Inventor： WOLK RONALD H

IPC: C10G49/12 ,  C10G13/18 ,  C10G23/02 ,  C10G25/06

CPC classification number: C10G49/12

Abstract: A PROCESS FOR CONTACTING LIQUID AND GASEOUS REACTANTS WITH TWO DIFFERENT PARTICULATE CONTACT SOLIDS, EACH HAVING A DIFFERENT SPECIFIC PHYSIOCHEMICAL FUNCTION RELATIVE TO SAID REACTANTS. THE REACTANTS ARE PASSED UPWARDLY THROUGH A BED OF ONE OF THE SOLIDS WHICH IS COMPOSED OF PARTICLES HAVING SIZES GREATER THAN 40 MESH, U.S., AT VELOCITIES WHEREBY THE BED IS EXPANDED AND DESIGNATED AS EBULLATED. THE SECOND SOLID IS A POWDER, THE PARTICLES OF WHICH ARE IN A SIZE RANGE LESS THAN 40 MESH, U.S., AND HAS A TRANSPORT VELOCITY EQUIVALENT TO THAT REQUIRED FOR 20 TO 100% EXPANSION OF THE LARGER SOLIDS WHICH CONSTITUTE THE EBULLATED BED. THE POWDER IS INTRODUCED TO THE LIQUID FEDD PRIOR TO ITS ENTERING THE CONTACT ZONE AND THE POWDER TRANSVERSES THROUGH AND IS REMOVED FROM THE CONTACT ZONE ALONG WITH THE REACTION PRODUCTS, WHILE THE LARGER CONTACT SOLIDS ARE RETAINED IN THE ZONE.

公开(公告)号：US3630888A

公开(公告)日：1971-12-28

申请号：US3630888D

申请日：1970-03-02

Applicant: HYDROCARBON RESEARCH INC

Inventor： ALPERT SEYMOUR B ,  WOLK RONALD H ,  MARUHNIC PETER ,  CHERVENAK MICHAEL C

IPC: B01J37/00 ,  C10G49/04 ,  C10G23/02 ,  C10G13/02

CPC classification number: B01J37/0018 ,  C10G2300/107

Abstract: A PROCESS FOR CARRYING OUT CATALYTIC REACTIONS, SUCH AS, HYDROGENATION, DESULFURIZATION, HYDROCRACKING, INCLUDING HALOGENTAION, OXIDATION, SULFONATIN, NITRATION, AND AMIDIZATION OF HYDROCARBONS OR THE LIKE IN FIXED, SLURRIED, FLUIDIZED, AND EBULLATED BEDS UTILIZING A CATALYST HAVING MICOROPORES AND ACCESS CHANNEL; AND WHEREIN THE ACCESS CHANNELS ARE INTERSTITALLY SPACED THROUGOUT THE MICROPORES; AND WHEREIN 10 TO 40% OF THE TOTAL PORE VOLUME IS COMPOSED OF ACCESS CHANNELS HAVNG DIAMETERS GREATER THAN 1000 ANGSTROMS; AND WHEREIN 10 TO 40% OF THE TOTAL PORE VOLUME IS COMPOSED OF ACCESS CHANNELS HAVING DIAM-

ETERS BETWEEN ABOUT 100 AND 1000 ANGSTROMS; AND WHEREIN THESE ACCESS CHANNELS ARE SUBSTANTIALLY UNIFORM AS TO THEIR PARAMETERS AND ARE RELATIVELY STRAIGHT WITH MINUMUM BENDING AND CONSTRICTION; AND WHEREIN THE REMAINDER OF THE CATALYST PORE VOLUME COMPRISES MICROPORES WITH DIAMETERS LESS THAN 100 ANGSTROMS WITH THE REAMINDER BEING 20 TO 80% OF THE TOTAL PORE VOLUME. METHODS FOR PREPARING THIS CATALYST WITH RESPECT OT ORIENTATION OF THE ACCESS CHANNELS ARE DESCRIBED.

公开(公告)号：US3519553A

公开(公告)日：1970-07-07

申请号：US3519553D

申请日：1968-04-08

Applicant: HYDROCARBON RESEARCH INC

Inventor： JOHANSON EDWIN S ,  SCHUMAN SEYMOUR C ,  STOTLER HAROLD H ,  WOLK RONALD H

IPC: C10G1/00 ,  C10G1/04 ,  C10G1/08

CPC classification number: C10G1/083 ,  C10G1/002 ,  C10G1/045

公开(公告)号：US3622500A

公开(公告)日：1971-11-23

申请号：US3622500D

申请日：1970-04-21

Applicant: HYDROCARBON RESEARCH INC

Inventor： ALPERT SEYMOUR B ,  CHERVENAK MICHAEL C ,  WOLK RONALD H

IPC: B01J8/22 ,  C10G47/12 ,  C10G47/28 ,  C10G49/02 ,  C10G13/02 ,  C10G13/18

CPC classification number: C10G49/02 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G47/12 ,  C10G47/28

Abstract: Hydrocarbon fractions boiling below 975* F. are obtained by hydrocracking heavy hydrocarbon oils, containing 40-100 percent by volume of hydrocarbon fractions boiling above 975* F., in the liquid state in the presence of ebullated catalytic macroporous microspheres. These microspheres are smaller than 60 mesh (U.S. Standard) and larger than 325 mesh. They have a pore volume of at least 0.10 cc./g. in pores larger than 250 Angstroms (A) and at least 0.30 cc./g. in pores less than 250 A. The macroporous, microspheres have an average size such that 80 weight percent fall within a narrow size range and are ebullated by the upward flow of oil and hydrogen through the reactor during hydroconversion. The pore volume of the microspheres is critical as there must be a penetration of the hydrocarbon oil into the catalyst for at least a 3 percent gain in weight.

公开(公告)号：US3519555A

公开(公告)日：1970-07-07

申请号：US3519555D

申请日：1968-11-08

Applicant: HYDROCARBON RESEARCH INC

Inventor： KEITH PERCIVAL C ,  JOHANSON EDWIN S ,  WOLK RONALD H ,  ALPERT SEYMOUR B ,  SCHUMAN SEYMOUR C

IPC: C10G1/08

CPC classification number: C10G1/083

公开(公告)号：US3338820A

公开(公告)日：1967-08-29

申请号：US61149666

申请日：1966-11-29

Applicant: HYDROCARBON RESEARCH INC

Inventor： WOLK RONALD H ,  ALPERT SEYMOUR B

IPC: B01J8/22 ,  C10G47/30

CPC classification number: B01J8/22 ,  C10G47/30

公开(公告)号：US3183180A

公开(公告)日：1965-05-11

申请号：US34563964

申请日：1964-02-18

Applicant: HYDROCARBON RESEARCH INC

Inventor： SCHUMAN SEYMOUR C ,  WOLK RONALD H ,  CHERVENAK MICHAEL C

IPC: C10G1/08 ,  C10G47/26

CPC classification number: C10G1/083 ,  C10G47/26

公开(公告)号：US3926783A

公开(公告)日：1975-12-16

申请号：US45080474

申请日：1974-03-13

Applicant: HYDROCARBON RESEARCH INC

Inventor： WOLK RONALD H

IPC: B01J8/22 ,  B01J8/32 ,  C10G49/12 ,  C10G23/10

CPC classification number: B01J8/32 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/12

Abstract: A process which prevents the loss of fluidization in an ebullated catalyst bed when two liquid phases are present by adding a solid to the bed which will pass through the bed at a rate greater than the normal catalyst replacement rate for the main material in the bed. This added material will be constructed so as to allow the second liquid phase to preferentially be adsorbed on its surface.

公开(公告)号：US3901792A

公开(公告)日：1975-08-26

申请号：US48232274

申请日：1974-06-24

Applicant: HYDROCARBON RESEARCH INC

Inventor： WOLK RONALD H ,  NONGBRI GOVANON ,  ROVESTI WILLIAM C

IPC: C10G45/16 ,  C10G23/02

CPC classification number: C10G45/16 ,  C10G2300/107

Abstract: The high level desulfurization of petroleum residuums normally having at least 100 ppm of metals from the groups of vanadium and nickel is accomplished by an initial contact stage with a contact material such as Porocel, having extensive macroporosity with more than 0.15 cc/gram pore volume in pores greater than 125A in diameter operating as an ebullated bed under optimum demetallization conditions in the range of 730*-825*F (preferably 760*-780*F), and hydrogen partial pressure of 1000-2500 psi (preferably 1500-2000 psi), followed by a removal of effluent vapors and a further ebullated bed contact of the liquid with a highly active hydrodesulfurization catalyst which would ordinarily be rapidly poisoned by these residuums. By control of the first stage reaction conditions including space velocity, in the range of 0.20 to 1.5 volume of feed per hour per volume of reactor, and obtaining a high degree of demetallization in the order of 50-80% or more deposit of metals on the first stage contact particles, so that the amount of vanadium removed from the oil and taken up on the catalyst in the second stage was no more than 20 ppm, the life of the catalyst in the second stage was very greatly lengthened. The catalyst in the second stage has little macroporosity with no more than 0.10 cc/gram in pores greater than 125A in diameter so as to exclude most of the metal containing molecules which were not contacted in the first stage. This combination of the reaction steps makes it possible to achieve in excess of 75% desulfurization of these residuums.