公开(公告)号：US5854862A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-29

申请号：US865532

申请日：1997-05-29

申请人： Halvor Skeie

发明人： Halvor Skeie

IPC分类号： G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/31 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02F1/01

CPC分类号： G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/3136 ,  G02F2001/311 ,  G02F2203/19

摘要： A plurality of optic modulators implemented using segmented electrodes and nonparallel waveguide structures are cascaded using optical couplers to provide a linearization of the overall electro-optic transfer function. Each of the optical modulators which are coupled in cascade have an electrode structure which is divided into a plurality of relatively small segments. The segments are connected via bond wires and transmission lines on an adjoining microwave circuit board. Each of the optical modulators includes a pair of waveguides which are sloped so as to result in a nonparallel waveguide structure which reduces acoustic effects, e.g., ripple. By using a plurality of small segments to implement the electrode structure a high degree of sensitivity is achieved as compared to when a single lengthy electrode structure is used. The combination of the non-parallel waveguides and a segmented electrode provides for a relatively large flat frequency response, e.g., in excess of 1 GHz. The electrode structure is also designed to minimize the effective capacitance of the electrode structure to thereby broaden the bandwidth of the optic modulator of the present invention as compared to devices using solid center electrodes.

摘要翻译： 使用分段电极和非平行波导结构实现的多个光学调制器使用光耦合器级联以提供总体电光传递函数的线性化。 串联耦合的每个光调制器具有被分成多个相对较小的段的电极结构。 这些段通过接合线和传输线连接在相邻的微波电路板上。 每个光调制器包括一对波导，它们是倾斜的，以便导致不平行的波导结构，这减少了声效，例如纹波。 与使用单个长度的电极结构相比，通过使用多个小段来实现电极结构，实现了高度的灵敏度。 非平行波导和分段电极的组合提供了比较大的平坦频率响应，例如超过1GHz。 与使用固体中心电极的装置相比，电极结构也被设计成使电极结构的有效电容最小化，从而拓宽本发明的光调制器的带宽。

公开(公告)号：US5249243A

公开(公告)日：1993-09-28

申请号：US886733

申请日：1992-05-21

申请人： Halvor Skeie

发明人： Halvor Skeie

IPC分类号： G02F1/03 ,  G02F1/313

CPC分类号： G02F1/0327 ,  G02F1/3136 ,  G02F2203/19

摘要： An integrated cascaded optical phase modulator for providing linearized complementary modulated light output signals consists of the successive cascade of a first phase modulator stage, first fixed optical coupler, second phase modulator stage, and second fixed optical coupler Rf modulating signals applied to each phase modulator stage are adjusted in amplitude, for compensating for errors in the coupling angles of the first and second optical couplers. The levels of DC bias voltages applied to each phase modulator stage are adjusted for compensating for asymmetric phase modulation.

摘要翻译： 用于提供线性互补调制光输出信号的集成级联光相位调制器由施加到每个相位调制器级的第一相位调制器级，第一固定光耦合器，第二相位调制器级和第二固定光耦合器Rf调制信号的连续级联组成 被调整为幅度，用于补偿第一和第二光耦合器的耦合角度的误差。 调整施加到每个相位调制器级的DC偏置电压的电平以补偿不对称相位调制。

公开(公告)号：US4605929A

公开(公告)日：1986-08-12

申请号：US509521

申请日：1983-06-30

申请人： Halvor Skeie

发明人： Halvor Skeie

IPC分类号： G01S13/34 ,  G01S13/75 ,  H03H9/145 ,  G01S13/80 ,  H01L41/04 ,  H03H9/42

CPC分类号： G01S13/755 ,  G01S13/343 ,  H03H9/02637 ,  H03H9/14552 ,  H03H9/6406

摘要： A passive transponder for use in an interrogation/transponder system comprises a substrate having a substrate surface defining a path of travel for surface acoustic waves; a launch transducer element arranged on the surface for converting interrogating signals into surface acoustic waves which propagate along the path of travel; a plurality of tap transducer elements arranged on the surface at spaced intervals along the path of travel for converting surface acoustic waves into respective output signals; and a circuit, connected to the tap transducer elements, for combining the output signals of these transducer elements to form reply signals. In order to maximize energy conversion from the interrogation signals to the reply signals, the launch transducer is made larger than the tap transducers.

摘要翻译： 用于询问/应答器系统的无源应答器包括具有限定表面声波的行进路径的衬底表面的衬底; 布置在表面上的发射换能器元件，用于将询问信号转换成沿行进路径传播的表面声波; 多个分接换能器元件沿着行进路径以间隔的间隔布置在表面上，用于将表面声波转换成相应的输出信号; 以及连接到分接头换能器元件的电路，用于组合这些换能器元件的输出信号以形成回复信号。 为了最大化从询问信号到答复信号的能量转换，发射换能器被制成大于抽头传感器。

公开(公告)号：US06611224B1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-26

申请号：US10145646

申请日：2002-05-14

申请人： Paul A. Nysen ,  Halvor Skeie

发明人： Paul A. Nysen ,  Halvor Skeie

IPC分类号： G01S1374

CPC分类号： G06K19/0672 ,  G01S13/343 ,  G01S13/755 ,  G06K7/0008 ,  G06K19/0675 ,  H03H9/02795 ,  H03H9/44 ,  H03H9/6406

摘要： A backscatter transponder interrogator, comprising a transmitter, emitting an interrogation signal for interacting with a backscatter transponder within an interrogation field, a plurality of antennas, each having a different and complementary property, such that a backscatter response from a backscatter transponder is likely to be preferentially received by at least one of said at least two antennas, a receiver, selecting an output from a selected antenna, and demodulating the backscatter response to produce an information signal, and a digitally controlled oscillator, producing an output controlling said transmitter and employed by said receiver to demodulate the backscatter response. The interrogator may have a plurality of transmit antennas. The antennas may have respectively different polarization properties, e.g., horizontal and vertical polarization. The interrogator may implement null steered polarization cancellation to distinguish between backscatter transponders within the interrogation field.

摘要翻译： 背向散射应答器询问器，包括发射机，发射用于与询问场内的后向散射转发器相互作用的询问信号，多个天线，每个具有不同的和互补的属性，使得来自后向散射应答器的反向散射响应可能是 优选地由所述至少两个天线中的至少一个天线接收，接收机，选择来自所选天线的输出，以及解调所述反向散射响应以产生信息信号;以及数字控制振荡器，产生控制所述发射机并由 所述接收机解调反向散射响应。 询问器可以具有多个发射天线。 天线可以具有不同的偏振特性，例如水平和垂直偏振。 询问器可以实施零导向偏振消除以区分询问场内的反向散射应答器。

公开(公告)号：US06208062B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-27

申请号：US09248024

申请日：1999-02-10

申请人： Paul A. Nysen ,  Halvor Skeie

发明人： Paul A. Nysen ,  Halvor Skeie

IPC分类号： H03H942

CPC分类号： G06K19/0672 ,  G01S13/343 ,  G01S13/755 ,  G06K7/0008 ,  G06K19/0675 ,  H03H9/02795 ,  H03H9/44 ,  H03H9/6406

摘要： An acoustic wave identification transponder device, having a substrate, an electroacoustic transducer generating an acoustic wave in said substrate and a set of encoding elements disposed in a path of the acoustic wave for modifying the acoustic wave, having elements which reflect portions of the acoustic wave having a component orthogonal to the incident wave. The reflectors may be, for example, trackchangers or reflective arrays compressors (RAC). The wave may be phase-amplitude modulated for increased efficiency expressed in bits per tap. Such phase amplitude modulation is preferably imposed by partial beam width phase delay elements disposed within an acoustic beam path.

摘要翻译： 声波识别应答器装置，具有衬底，在所述衬底中产生声波的电声换能器以及设置在声波路径中的用于修改声波的一组编码元件，具有反射声波部分的元件 具有与入射波正交的分量。 反射器可以是例如轨道变换器或反射阵列压缩机（RAC）。 波可以进行相位幅度调制，以提高效率，以每比特位数表示。 这种相位幅度调制优选地由设置在声束路径内的部分波束宽度相位延迟元件施加。

公开(公告)号：US5675673A

公开(公告)日：1997-10-07

申请号：US624161

申请日：1996-03-29

申请人： Halvor Skeie

发明人： Halvor Skeie

IPC分类号： G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G02B6/10 ,  G02F1/01

CPC分类号： G02F1/225

摘要： An optical modulator having an electrode structure which is divided into a plurality of relatively small segments is described. The segments are connected via bond wires and transmission lines on an adjoining microwave circuit board. The optical modulator includes a pair of waveguides which are sloped so as to result in a nonparallel waveguide structure which reduces acoustic effects, e.g., ripple. By using a plurality of small segments to implement the electrode structure a high degree of sensitivity is achieved as compared to when a single lengthy electrode structure is used. The combination of the non-parallel waveguides and a segmented electrode provides for a relatively large flat frequency response, e.g., in excess of 1 GHz. The electrode structure is also designed to minimize the effective capacitance of the electrode structure to thereby broaden the bandwidth of the optic modulator of the present invention as compared to devices using solid electrodes.

摘要翻译： 描述了具有被分成多个相对小的部分的电极结构的光调制器。 这些段通过接合线和传输线连接在相邻的微波电路板上。 光学调制器包括一对波导，它们是倾斜的，以便导致不平行的波导结构，其降低了声学效应，例如纹波。 与使用单个长度的电极结构相比，通过使用多个小段来实现电极结构，实现了高度的灵敏度。 非平行波导和分段电极的组合提供了比较大的平坦频率响应，例如超过1GHz。 与使用固体电极的器件相比，电极结构也被设计成使电极结构的有效电容最小化，从而拓宽本发明的光学调制器的带宽。

公开(公告)号：US06388360B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-14

申请号：US09583989

申请日：2000-05-25

申请人： Paul A. Nysen ,  Halvor Skeie

发明人： Paul A. Nysen ,  Halvor Skeie

IPC分类号： G01S1500

CPC分类号： G06K19/0672 ,  G01S13/343 ,  G01S13/755 ,  G06K7/0008 ,  G06K19/0675 ,  H03H9/02795 ,  H03H9/44 ,  H03H9/6406

摘要： An acoustic wave identification transponder device, having a substrate, an electroacoustic transducer generating an acoustic wave in said substrate and a set of encoding elements disposed in a path of the acoustic wave for modifying the acoustic wave, having elements which reflect portions of the acoustic wave having a component orthogonal to the incident wave. The reflectors may be, for example, trackchangers or reflective arrays compressors (RAC). The wave may be phase-amplitude modulated for increased efficiency expressed in bits per tap. Such phase amplitude modulation is preferably imposed by partial beam width phase delay elements disposed within an acoustic beam path.

摘要翻译： 声波识别应答器装置，具有衬底，在所述衬底中产生声波的电声换能器以及设置在声波路径中的用于修改声波的一组编码元件，具有反射声波部分的元件 具有与入射波正交的分量。 反射器可以是例如轨道变换器或反射阵列压缩机（RAC）。 波可以进行相位幅度调制，以提高效率，以每比特位数表示。 这种相位幅度调制优选地由设置在声束路径内的部分波束宽度相位延迟元件施加。

公开(公告)号：US5148503A

公开(公告)日：1992-09-15

申请号：US706911

申请日：1991-05-29

申请人： Halvor Skeie

发明人： Halvor Skeie

IPC分类号： G02B6/12 ,  G02F1/035 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/313

CPC分类号： G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/3136 ,  G02F2203/19

摘要： A Y-branch type first interferometric modulator, and a coupler structure type second interferometric modulator are connected in cascade. The levels of DC bias voltages applied to the first and second interferometric modulators, respectively, are adjusted for maximizing the linearity of a modulated output light signal. The configuration of input and output coupler structures of the second interferometric modulator are predetermined for also contributing to maximizing the linearity of the output signal.

公开(公告)号：US4737790A

公开(公告)日：1988-04-12

申请号：US835616

申请日：1986-03-03

申请人： Halvor Skeie ,  Donald Armstrong

发明人： Halvor Skeie ,  Donald Armstrong

IPC分类号： G01S13/34 ,  G01S13/75 ,  H03H9/145 ,  G01S13/80 ,  H03H9/64 ,  H04B1/59

CPC分类号： G06K19/0675 ,  G01S13/755 ,  H03H9/1455 ,  H03H9/14552 ,  G01S13/343

摘要： A "passive interrogator label system" (PILS) is disclosed with passive, SAW transponders which are capable of receiving an interrogation signal, processing this signal and transmitting a reply signal that is derived from the interrogation signal and contains encoded information. The SAW transducers employed in the transponders are operated at their third harmonic and comprise split fingers which reduce SAW reflections. These transducers are also shaped to increase their bandwidth and to reduce their capacitance. The bus bars connecting the transducers are formed of double thickness to reduce ohmic resistance losses and these bus bars as well as the transponder phase delay pads have two levels of serrations on their edges to substantially cancel reflections. SAW reflectors in the transponder are provided with shorts between successive fingers to reduce ohmic resistance losses and to render them less susceptible to fabrication errors.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种“无源询问器标签系统”（PILS），其具有能够接收询问信号的无源SAW应答器，处理该信号并发送从询问信号导出并包含编码信息的应答信号。 在应答器中使用的SAW换能器以其三次谐波操作，并且包括减少SAW反射的分叉指。 这些传感器的形状也可以增加其带宽并降低其电容。 连接换能器的汇流条由双重厚度形成，以减少欧姆电阻损耗，并且这些汇流条以及应答器相位延迟垫在其边缘上具有两个级别的锯齿以基本上抵消反射。 应答器中的SAW反射器在连续的指状物之间提供短路以减少欧姆电阻损耗并使它们不易受制造误差的影响。

公开(公告)号：US4725841A

公开(公告)日：1988-02-16

申请号：US509523

申请日：1983-06-30

申请人： Paul A. Nysen ,  Halvor Skeie ,  Donald Armstrong

发明人： Paul A. Nysen ,  Halvor Skeie ,  Donald Armstrong

IPC分类号： G01S13/34 ,  G01S13/75 ,  G01S17/74 ,  G01S13/80 ,  G01S13/82 ,  H04B9/00

CPC分类号： H03H9/02637 ,  G01S13/755 ,  G01S17/74 ,  H03H9/6406 ,  G01S13/343

摘要： A "passive interrogator label system" (PILS) comprises an interrogator for transmitting an interrogation signal, one or more "labels" or passive transponders which produce a reply signal containing coded information in response to the interrogation signal, and a receiver and decoder for receiving the reply signal and decoding the information contained in it. The frequency of the interrogation signal assumes a plurality of frequency values within a prescribed frequency range. The decoder includes a mixer (4 quadrant multiplexer) for mixing together the interrogation and reply signals (or signals derived therefrom) to produce a further signal containing frequencies which are the sum and difference of the interrogation and reply signals. A signal processor, responsive to this further signal produced by the mixer, detects at least some of the frequencies contained in this further signal and determines the informational code associted with the transponder.

摘要翻译： “无源询问器标签系统”（PILS）包括用于发送询问信号的询问器，响应询问信号产生包含编码信息的应答信号的一个或多个“标签”或无源应答器，以及用于接收 回复信号并解码其中包含的信息。 询问信号的频率呈现规定频率范围内的多个频率值。 该解码器包括用于将询问和应答信号（或从其导出的信号）混合在一起的混合器（4象限多路复用器），以产生包含作为询问和应答信号的和和差的频率的另外的信号。 响应于由混频器产生的另外的信号的信号处理器检测包含在该另外信号中的至少一些频率，并且确定与应答器相关的信息码。