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公开(公告)号：US4795607A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-03
申请号：US43844
申请日：1987-04-29
CPC分类号： G21C1/07 , G21C15/10 , Y02E30/33 , Y02E30/36 , Y10S376/908 , Y10S376/911
摘要： Gas-cooled high-temperature nuclear reactor having a reactor core comprising individual fuel elements provided with means for forming a barrier against the release of fission products producible therein during reactor operation, the fuel elements being received in a cylindrical barrel formed of an inner graphite layer functioning as a reflector, an outer layer of insulating material surrounding the inner layer, and a metallic receptacle, the inner and outer layers and the receptacle being formed of respective side, bottom and cover portions, the side and cover portions of the inner layer being formed with first channels into which means for controlling the reactors are insertable, the bottom, side and cover portions of the inner layer being further formed with second channels wherein, during reactor operation, cooling gas is circulated under pressure from the bottom to the top of the receptacle, the bottom portion of the inner layer having first openings for introducing cooling gas into the second channels during reactor operation and second openings for withdrawing during reactor operation cooling gas heated by passage through the reactor core; the inner and outer layers and the cylindrical core barrel having a heat conductivity and a thermal capacity and the reactor core having such a size, shape, power density and moderation ratio that a first temperature at which the core becomes subcritical for all possible accident conditions is below a second temperature at which the barrier means are destroyed, and, when loss of pressure of the cooling gas is experienced, after-heat generated in the core being removable by heat conduction and radiation through the inner and outer layers and the core barrel to a heat sink located outside the receptacle, in such a way that the fuel elements remain at a temperature below the second temperature.
摘要翻译： 气体冷却的高温核反应堆具有反应堆堆芯，该反应堆堆芯包括单独的燃料元件，该燃料元件设置有用于在反应堆操作期间形成阻挡其中可生产的裂变产物的阻挡的装置，燃料元件被容纳在由内部石墨层 用作反射器，围绕内层的绝缘材料的外层和金属容器，内层和外层以及容器由相应的侧面，底部和盖部分形成，内层的侧面和封面部分是 形成有第一通道，用于控制反应器的装置可插入其中，内层的底部，侧部和盖部分进一步形成有第二通道，其中在反应器操作期间，冷却气体在压力下从底部到顶部循环 所述容器，所述内层的底部具有用于引入冷却气体int的第一开口 o在反应堆操作期间的第二通道和用于在反应器操作期间抽出的第二开口通过反应堆堆芯加热的冷却气体; 所述内层和外层和所述圆柱形芯筒具有导热性和热容量，并且所述反应堆芯具有这样的尺寸，形状，功率密度和调节比，使得在所有可能的事故条件下所述芯变为亚临界的第一温度为 低于阻挡装置被破坏的第二温度，并且当经历冷却气体的压力损失时，在芯体中产生的后热可以通过内外层和核心筒的热传导和辐射而被除去， 位于容器外部的散热器，使得燃料元件保持在低于第二温度的温度。
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公开(公告)号：US4257845A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-24
申请号：US882755
申请日：1978-03-02
CPC分类号： G21C1/07 , B01F5/0644 , Y02E30/36
摘要： Mixing and distributing device for gases having high temperature includes a multiplicity of polygonal blocks stacked in a plurality of layers above and laterally adjacent one another, the blocks being formed with channels having respective axes disposed at an angle to one another and to a main gas in-flow direction, the channels of the respective blocks being connected with adjacent channels of the same or an adjacent block, the multiplicity of polygonal blocks defining a space wherein high temperature is producible.
摘要翻译： 具有高温气体的混合和分配装置包括多个层叠在多个层中并在彼此相互横向相邻的多个多边形块，所述块形成有具有彼此成角度设置的各个轴的通道和主要气体 流动方向，相应块的通道与相同或相邻块的相邻通道连接，多个多边形块限定了高温可生产的空间。
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3.发明授权Base for vessel subject to high temperature, especially for a pebble bed reactor vessel 失效耐高温船舶的基座，特别是用于卵石床反应堆的船只
公开(公告)号：US4189347A
公开(公告)日：1980-02-19
申请号：US824098
申请日：1977-08-12
摘要： In a reactor vessel for pebble beds at high and varying temperatures having a side wall and a base formed of a multiplicity of stacked blocks of heat-resistant material and held together by an outer cylindrical or polygonal ring and supported on a foundation, the base and the side wall, respectively, being formed of a plurality of sectors having substantially vertical, radial parting lines therebetween, the sectors being supported with slight friction on the foundation and being braced against the outer ring, the sectors having boundary surfaces with a pebble bed, support surfaces on the foundation and abutment surfaces against the outer ring, the respective surfaces of the boundary surfaces, the support surfaces and the abutment surfaces having a convex mutual inclination whereby each of the sectors is held together in itself by external forces and is forced by its own weight and the weight of the pebble bed into a definite position.
摘要翻译： 在具有侧壁和由多个堆叠的耐热材料块形成并由外圆柱形或多边形环保持并支撑在基础上的侧壁和底座上的卵石床的反应器容器中，基座和 侧壁分别由多个扇区形成，其间具有基本上垂直的径向分离线，扇区在基础上被轻微摩擦地支撑并且支撑在外环上，扇形边界面具有卵石床， 在基础和邻接表面上的支撑表面抵靠外环，边界表面，支撑表面和邻接表面的相应表面具有凸相互倾斜，由此每个扇区通过外力自身保持在一起并被迫使 它自己的重量和卵石床的重量成一个明确的位置。
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公开(公告)号：US4545954A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-08
申请号：US346879
申请日：1982-02-08
摘要： Device for shutting down a high-temperature nuclear reactor having a reactor core, including a reflector disposed outside the reactor core, channels being disposed in the reflector and having lower ends, storage bins being disposed above the reactor core and being in communication with the channels above the lower ends thereof, a neutron-absorbing material formed of fluidic bodies being storable in the storage bins and feedable into the channels, a plurality of lines connected between the lower ends of the channels and the storage bins, means for selectively establishing an upwardly directed fluid flow of the material in one of the plurality of lines for conveying the neutron-absorbing material at a given adequate speed from one of the channels into one of the storage bins.
摘要翻译： 用于关闭具有反应堆堆芯的高温核反应堆的装置，包括设置在反应堆堆芯外部的反射器，设置在反射器中的通道，并具有下端，储存箱设置在反应堆堆芯之上并且与通道连通 在其下端的上方，由流体体形成的中子吸收材料可存储在存储箱中并可供给通道，多个线路连接在通道的下端和存储箱之间，用于选择性地建立向上 在多条管线中的一条管线中引导流体流动，用于以特定的适当速度将中子吸收材料从一个通道输送到存储箱之一中。
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公开(公告)号：US4707327A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-17
申请号：US681544
申请日：1984-12-14
申请人： Herbert Reutler , Manfred Ullrich
发明人： Herbert Reutler , Manfred Ullrich
摘要： Container system for a high-temperature nuclear reactor, including an outer metallic pressure vessel having an inwardly-protruding flange, an inner metallic core barrel resting tightly on the flange, and means disposed below the flange at a lower end of the core barrel for feeding and discharging cooling fluid, the core barrel being gas-tight above the flange.
摘要翻译： 用于高温核反应堆的容器系统，包括具有向内突出的凸缘的外部金属压力容器，紧靠在凸缘上的内部金属芯筒，以及设置在芯筒的下端处的凸缘下方的装置，用于进给 并排出冷却液，芯筒在法兰上方气密。
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公开(公告)号：US4476089A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-09
申请号：US280092
申请日：1981-07-02
摘要： Gas-cooled high temperature reactor asembly, including a safety container, a chamber disposed in the safety container, a reactor vessel disposed in the chamber for receiving a charge of spherical fuel elements at a given location therein, the reactor vessel being formed of blocks of at least one material from the group consisting of carbon and graphite, a steel shell surrounding the reactor vessel, a metallic base plate supporting the reactor vessel, the base plate having openings formed therein for passing cooling gas blown in the chamber into the given location for a fuel element charge, at least one downwardly extended pipeline having a connection to the base plate for discharging heated gases, the connection being detachable by axial motion of the reactor vessel, a removable cover disposed on top of the chamber, and means disposed on the reactor vessel for connecting the reactor vessel to hoisting apparatus.
摘要翻译： 气体冷却的高温反应器组件，包括安全容器，设置在安全容器中的室，设置在室中的反应堆容器，用于在其中给定的位置处接收球形燃料元件的装料，反应堆容器由 来自碳和石墨的至少一种材料，围绕反应器容器的钢壳，支撑反应容器的金属底板，其中形成有用于使在室内吹入的冷却气体进入给定位置的开口的底板， 燃料元件充电，至少一个向下延伸的管道，其具有用于排放加热气体的基板的连接，所述连接通过反应堆容器的轴向运动而可拆卸，设置在所述室顶部的可移除盖，以及设置在所述壳体上的装置 用于将反应堆容器连接到起重设备的反应堆容器。
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7.发明授权Pebble bed reactor with feeding device for absorber material and method for its operation 失效卵石床反应器用于吸收材料的进料装置及其操作方法
公开(公告)号：US4411860A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-25
申请号：US242919
申请日：1981-03-12
摘要： Pebble-bed nuclear reactor capable of being shut down by a fluidized mass of bodies containing neutron-absorbing material, the fluidized mass of bodies being received in a storage container disposed above the pebble bed during normal operation of the reactor, the storage container being formed with a closable discharge opening, including a piston rigidly connected to the storage container and disposed below the discharge opening thereof, the piston being guided in a cylinder stationary relative to the reactor and being open at the top thereof, the storage container being displaceable in vertical direction between upper and lower end positions thereof, the piston, in the upper end position of the storage container, closing off the cylinder at the upper edge located at the open top of the cylinder and, in the lower end position of the storage container, the fluidized mass of bodies discharged from the discharge opening of the storage container being formed on top of the piston into a discharge cone having a height greater than the distance between the piston and the discharge opening and method for its operation.
摘要翻译： 能够被含有中子吸收材料的流化物质封闭的卵石床核反应堆，在反应器的正常操作期间，流化物质被容纳在设置在卵床上方的储存容器中，储存容器形成 具有可关闭的排放口，包括刚性地连接到储存容器并且设置在其排放开口下方的活塞，活塞被引导在相对于反应器固定的圆柱体中，并且在其顶部开口，储存容器可垂直移动 方向在其上端位置和下端位置之间，活塞在储存容器的上端位置，在位于气缸开口顶部的上边缘封闭气缸，并且在储存容器的下端位置， 从储存容器的排出口排出的物体的流化物质形成在活塞的顶部 充气锥体的高度大于活塞和排出口之间的距离及其操作方法。
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