摘要:
Provided is an aluminum or aluminum alloy material having a surface treatment coating film on a surface of a substrate formed by an aluminum or aluminum alloy. The aluminum or aluminum alloy material has: a substrate formed by an aluminum or aluminum alloy; and a first protective layer and a second protective layer in the order on a surface of the substrate, wherein the first protective layer is a conversion coating film including vanadium and at least one or more types of metals selected from titanium, zirconium, and hafnium, the second protective layer is an organic coating film having a composition that includes (1) a chitosan derivative and a solubilizing agent, (2) a modified polyvinyl alcohol formed by graft polymerization of a hydrophilic polymer to a side chain of polyvinyl alcohol, and (3) a water-soluble crosslinking agent.
摘要:
Provided is an aluminum or aluminum alloy material having a surface treatment coating film on a surface of a substrate formed by an aluminum or aluminum alloy. The aluminum or aluminum alloy material has: a substrate formed by an aluminum or aluminum alloy; and a first protective layer and a second protective layer in the order on a surface of the substrate, wherein the first protective layer is a conversion coating film including vanadium and at least one or more types of metals selected from titanium, zirconium, and hafnium, the second protective layer is an organic coating film having a composition that includes (1) a chitosan derivative and a solubilizing agent, (2) a modified polyvinyl alcohol formed by graft polymerization of a hydrophilic polymer to a side chain of polyvinyl alcohol, and (3) a water-soluble crosslinking agent.
摘要:
A developing device is provided which includes: a developing roller in contact with or facing an image hearer; a supply roller to supply toner to the developing roller; a casing; a first conveyer disposed within the casing and above the supply roller to supply toner stored in the developing device to the supply roller, while forming a first conveyance path; a second conveyer disposed within the casing with an upper end thereof positioned below that of the first conveyer, while forming a second conveyance path forming a toner circulation path together with the first conveyance path; a partition wall separating the first conveyance path and the second conveyance path in a longitudinal direction within a range excluding both longitudinal end portions; and a toner supply port, at a ceiling of the casing above the second conveyance path, through which toner is supplied to an inside of the developing device.
摘要:
A powder collecting device includes an inlet through which powder flows in the powder collecting device, and a conveying screw to rotate to convey the powder inside the powder collecting device. The conveying screw includes a shaft and a screw portion spirally winding around the shaft. The powder collecting device further includes a flexible sheet including a plurality of strip portions divided by a plurality of slits spaced apart in an axial direction of the conveying screw. Each of the strip portions includes a contact portion to contact the shaft of the conveying screw. The contact portion is shifted from an end of the flexible sheet.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a plurality of image bearers, a plurality of developing devices, a plurality of first transfer devices disposed opposite the plurality of image bearers, a second transfer device, a cleaning device to remove toner remaining on the intermediate transferor after a secondary transfer process, and a processor to control the plurality of developing devices to perform a refresh process to discharge toner from the plurality of developing devices to the plurality of image bearers. Among toner of the colors, toner having a first circularity first reaches the cleaning device and toner having a second circularity higher than the first circularity subsequently reaches the cleaning device in the refresh process.
摘要:
The invention relates to a cellulose solution manufacturing method including: performing an ozonation treatment to bring a cellulose-containing material and ozone into contact with each other; and performing an alkali treatment to bring the obtained treated material and an alkali aqueous solution into contact with each other, thereby dissolving at least cellulose in the cellulose-containing material brought into contact with the ozone in the alkali aqueous solution. According to the invention, it is possible to provide a method of manufacturing a cellulose solution in which cellulose can be dissolved in a more simple manner, a method of manufacturing a cellulose precipitate in which cellulose can be recovered from the cellulose solution, and a method of saccharifying cellulose which uses the cellulose precipitate.
摘要:
A brush for powder cosmetics has S strands and Z strands of synthetic fiber hair materials at its tip. The brush for powder cosmetics is characterized in that the twisting pitches of S strands and Z strands at the brush tip part are 10 mm to 30 mm and when the tip of the brush is deflected to trap a cheek color, face powder, powder foundation or other powder cosmetic to be contained in the brush tip part, the powder can be trapped evenly over nearly the entire surfaces at the ends of brush hair materials.
摘要:
An eye measurement apparatus includes: a subjective measurement optical system configured to subjectively measure an examinee's eye, the subjective measurement optical system including: a chart to be presented to the examinee's eye; and a glare light source for irradiating the examinee's eye with a glare light; and a control part configured to determine presence or absence of opacity in a light transmitting part of the examinee's eye and, when the presence of opacity is determined, to allow display of necessity for a glare test which is a subjective measurement to be performed in a state that the examinee's eye is irradiated with the glare light.
摘要:
Provided are corrosive environment monitoring systems and methods whereby corrosive factors are measured in a steam turbine and a corrosive environment is correctly monitored. A corrosive environment monitoring system measures corrosive factors having a part in damaging and deteriorating structural members in a steam turbine and is configured in such a way that steam in the steam turbine is permitted to flow into the corrosive environment monitoring system. Furthermore, in the steam turbine, a condensing mechanism condenses steam that has flowed in and a corrosive factor measuring device is equipped with corrosive factor sensors that measure corrosive factors in condensed water generated by the condensing mechanism.
摘要:
A method for producing silver-ion antibacterial liquid using a type A or type X silver zeolite includes a process to weigh silver zeolite for obtain its blending quantity in a range of 0.1 to 20.0 percent by weight and to weigh citric acid for obtaining its blending quantity such that its blending ratio to the silver zeolite becomes 1.2 or greater, followed by blending of the two into purified water; a process to mix under agitation the silver zeolite and citric acid blended in the purified water to prepare a mixture liquid containing at least a citric acid-silver complex and silica hydrate; and a process to remove the silica hydrate produced in the mixture liquid. The production method can produce at low cost a silver-ion antibacterial liquid offering immediate bactericidal effect.