摘要:
Methods are provided for making a dry powder blend pharmaceutical formulation comprising (i) forming microparticles which comprise a pharmaceutical agent; (ii) providing at least one excipient in the form of particles having a volume average diameter that is greater than the volume average diameter of the microparticles; (iii) blending the microparticles with the excipient to form a powder blend; and (iv) jet milling the powder blend to deagglomerate at least a portion of any of the microparticles which have agglomerated, while substantially maintaining the size and morphology of the individual microparticles. Jet milling advantageously can eliminate the need for more complicated wet deagglomeration processes, can lower residual moisture and solvent levels in the microparticles (which leads to better stability and handling properties for dry powder formulations), and can improve wettability, suspendability, and content uniformity of dry powder blend formulations.
摘要:
Methods are provided for making a dry powder blend pharmaceutical formulation comprising (i) forming microparticles which comprise a pharmaceutical agent; (ii) providing at least one excipient in the form of particles having a volume average diameter that is greater than the volume average diameter of the microparticles; (iii) blending the microparticles with the excipient to form a powder blend; and (iv) jet milling the powder blend to deagglomerate at least a portion of any of the microparticles which have agglomerated, while substantially maintaining the size and morphology of the individual microparticles. Jet milling advantageously can eliminate the need for more complicated wet deagglomeration processes, can lower residual moisture and solvent levels in the microparticles (which leads to better stability and handling properties for dry powder formulations), and can improve wettability, suspendability, and content uniformity of dry powder blend formulations.
摘要:
Methods are provided for making a dry powder blend pharmaceutical formulation, comprising the steps of: (a) providing microparticles which comprise a pharmaceutical agent; (b) blending the microparticles with at least one excipient in the form of particles to form a powder blend; and (c) jet milling the powder blend to form a dry powder blend pharmaceutical formulation having improved dispersibility, suspendability, or wettability as compared to the microparticles of step (a) or the powder blend of step (b). The method can further include dispersing the dry powder blend pharmaceutical formulation in a liquid pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle to make an formulation suitable for injection. Alternatively, the method can further include processing the dry powder blend pharmaceutical formulation into a solid oral dosage form. In one embodiment, the microparticles of step (a) are formed by a solvent precipitation or crystallization process.
摘要:
Pharmaceutical formulations and methods are provided for the sustained delivery of a pharmaceutical agent to a patient by injection. The injectable formulation includes porous microparticles which comprise a pharmaceutical agent and a matrix material, wherein upon injection of the formulation a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of the pharmaceutical agent is released from the microparticles for at least 24 hours. A method for making the injectable, sustained release pharmaceutical formulation may include dissolving a hydrophobic matrix material in a volatile solvent to form a first solution; adding a pharmaceutical agent to the first solution to form an emulsion, suspension, or second solution; and removing the volatile solvent from the emulsion, suspension, or second solution to yield porous microparticles which comprise the pharmaceutical agent dispersed, entrapped or encapsulated within the structure of the hydrophobic matrix material.
摘要:
Pharmaceutical formulations and methods are provided for the sustained delivery of a pharmaceutical agent to a patient by injection, by oral administration or by topical administration. The injectable formulation includes porous microparticles which comprise a pharmaceutical agent and a matrix material, wherein upon injection of the formulation a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of the pharmaceutical agent is released from the microparticles for at least 24 hours. The oral formulation includes porous microparticles which comprise a pharmaceutical agent and a matrix material, wherein a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of the pharmaceutical agent is released from the microparticles for at least 2 hours following oral administration. The topical formulation includes porous microparticles which comprise a pharmaceutical agent and a matrix material, wherein a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of the pharmaceutical agent is released from the microparticles for at least 2 hours following topical administration.
摘要:
A method is provided for making an oral dosage form of a pharmaceutical agent which includes the steps of (a) providing particles which include a pharmaceutical agent; (b) blending the particles with particles of a pre-processed excipient to form a primary blend, wherein the pre-processed excipient is prepared by (i) dissolving a bulking agent (e.g., a sugar) and at least one non-friable excipient (e.g., a waxy or liquid surfactant) in a solvent to form an excipient solution, and (ii) removing the solvent from the excipient solution to form the pre-processed excipient in dry powder form; (c) milling the primary blend to form a milled pharmaceutical formulation blend that includes microparticles or nanoparticles of the pharmaceutical agent; and (d) processing the milled pharmaceutical formulation blend into a solid oral dosage form or liquid suspension for oral administration. The process yields formulations having improved wettability or dispersibility.
摘要:
A method is provided for making a parenteral dosage form of a pharmaceutical agent which includes (a) providing particles of a pharmaceutical agent; (b) blending the particles with particles of at least one bulking agent to form a first powder blend, which does not include a surfactant; (c) milling the first powder blend to form a milled blend which comprises microparticles or nanoparticles of the pharmaceutical agent; and (d) reconstituting the milled blend with a liquid vehicle, which includes at least one surfactant, for parenteral administration. A method also is provided which includes (a) providing particles of a pharmaceutical agent; (b) blending these particles with particles of an excipient to form a first blend; and (c) milling the first blend to form a milled blend that includes microparticles or nanoparticles, which exhibits a greater dispersibility, wettability, and suspendability as compared to the particles of step (a) or the first blend.
摘要:
Dry powder pharmaceutical formulations for pulmonary or nasal administration are made to provide an improved respired dose. These formulations may be blends of milled blends and may include a phospholipid, alone or in combination with other excipient materials. In one case, the process includes the steps of (a) providing particles which comprise a pharmaceutical agent, (b) blending the particles with particles of at least one first excipient to form a first powder blend; (c) milling the first powder blend to form a milled blend which comprises microparticles or nanoparticles of the pharmaceutical agent; and (d) blending the milled blend with particles of a second excipient to form a blended dry powder blend pharmaceutical formulation suitable for pulmonary or nasal administration.
摘要:
A display system includes a first display device having an active display region having individually controllable pixels, a sensor to generate information that is useful for determining a position of the first display device relative to a second display device, and a display controller to determine the position of the first display device relative to the second display device based on the information generated by the sensor. The display controller determines an image to be shown on the first display device based on the position of the first display device relative to the second display device.