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公开(公告)号：US5483977A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-16
申请号：US076535
申请日：1993-06-14
申请人： Lucas J. Conrad , Jackie L. White
发明人： Lucas J. Conrad , Jackie L. White
IPC分类号： A24B3/18
CPC分类号： A24B3/182
摘要： This invention provides improvements in tobacco expansion processes which are capable of dramatically improving tobacco throughput in high pressure tobacco impregnation systems. In accordance with various aspects of the invention, tobacco can be impregnated in a high pressure impregnation zone and removed from the zone for expansion in complete cycle times of less than one minute, typically less than about 15-30 seconds. In addition, tobacco throughputs are further improved in accordance with other aspects of the invention by achieving dramatically improved use of the available treatment space in a high pressure impregnation zone. In addition, the invention provides processes for minimizing the amount of expansion agent used to treat tobacco.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了能够显着改善高压烟草浸渍系统中烟草产量的烟草膨胀过程的改进。 根据本发明的各个方面，烟草可以浸渍在高压浸渍区中，并且在小于一分钟，通常小于约15-30秒的完全循环时间内从所述区域中移出。 此外，通过实现在高压浸渍区域中可用的处理空间的显着改进的使用，根据本发明的其它方面进一步改进烟草产量。 此外，本发明提供了用于最小化用于处理烟草的膨胀剂的量的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4531529A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-30
申请号：US432476
申请日：1982-10-04
申请人： Jackie L. White , Lucas J. Conrad
发明人： Jackie L. White , Lucas J. Conrad
IPC分类号： A24B3/18
CPC分类号： A24B3/18 , Y10S131/901 , Y10S131/902
摘要： An improved process for increasing the filling capacity of tobacco is provided in which tobacco is contacted with vapors of an expansion agent such as, for example, a low-boiling highly volatile hydrocarbon and/or halocarbon, at elevated temperature and pressure conditions, then releasing the pressure to about atmospheric pressure in a relatively short time period, such as from one second to ten minutes, so that the tobacco is expanded so as to increase its filling capacity in the absence of a subsequent heating step.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于提高烟草的填充能力的改进方法，其中烟草在升高的温度和压力条件下与膨胀剂例如低沸点高挥发性烃和/或卤代烃的蒸气接触，然后释放 在相当短的时间段（例如从1秒到10分钟）内的压力大约为大气压，使得烟草膨胀，以便在没有随后的加热步骤的情况下增加其填充能力。
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公开(公告)号：US5129409A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-14
申请号：US373133
申请日：1989-06-29
CPC分类号： A24F47/004 , A24B15/165
摘要： Cigarettes which heat but do not burn tobacco are described, preferably having a carbonaceous fuel element extruded around a physically separate aerosol generating means, comprising an aerosol forming material. These cigarettes are capable of producing substantial quantities of aerosol, both initially and over the useful life of the article, without significant thermal degradation of the aerosol former and without the presence of substantial pyrolysis or incomplete combustion products. Preferably, a barrier member is provided to substantially prevent fluid flow between the aerosol generating means and the fuel element. The barrier member is disposable as the cigarette burns back.Also described are embodiments wherein the aerosol generating means encircles at least a portion of the extruded fuel element.In addition, apparatus and method for making smoking articles are described.
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公开(公告)号：US4554932A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-26
申请号：US471580
申请日：1983-03-03
申请人： Lucas J. Conrad , Jackie L. White
发明人： Lucas J. Conrad , Jackie L. White
CPC分类号： A24B3/182 , Y10S131/901
摘要： A fluid pressure treating apparatus including a cylindrical tubular shell with a reciprocal spool assembly mounted for movement between a loading position outside the shell and a treating position within the shell, sealing members on said spool assembly for engaging the shell to form the pressure chamber. Conduits are provided to introduce processing fluid into the pressure chamber.
摘要翻译： 一种流体压力处理装置，包括具有往复式阀芯组件的圆柱形管状壳体，该可逆阀芯组件安装成用于在外壳外部的加载位置和壳体内的处理位置之间移动，所述阀芯组件上的密封构件用于接合外壳以形成压力室。 提供导管以将加工流体引入压力室。
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公开(公告)号：US4270553A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-02
申请号：US960416
申请日：1978-11-13
申请人： Lucas J. Conrad , Jackie L. White
发明人： Lucas J. Conrad , Jackie L. White
IPC分类号： A24B3/18
CPC分类号： A24B3/182
摘要： This invention relates to a process for expanding tobacco wherein tobacco impregnated with an expansion agent is rapidly heated in the presence of a fluidized bed of hot inert solid particles to effect expansion of the tobacco.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于膨胀烟草的方法，其中用热膨胀剂浸渍的烟草在热惰性固体颗粒的流化床的存在下快速加热以实现烟草的膨胀。
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公开(公告)号：US5653245A
公开(公告)日：1997-08-05
申请号：US550413
申请日：1995-10-30
申请人： Hoyt S. Beard , Lucas J. Conrad , J. Edward Crook , James E. Lovette , Robert Calvin Johnson , Donald A. Newton , Hamid Neshan
发明人： Hoyt S. Beard , Lucas J. Conrad , J. Edward Crook , James E. Lovette , Robert Calvin Johnson , Donald A. Newton , Hamid Neshan
IPC分类号： A24B3/18
CPC分类号： A24B3/182
摘要： This invention provides tobacco expansion processes and apparatus that can be employed for expanding tobacco at rapid throughput rates employing high pressure tobacco impregnation conditions. The processes and apparatus of the invention are particularly useful in tobacco expansion processes employing cycle times of less than 20-30 seconds; the use of preheated, prepressurized expansion agent such as propane; preheating of tobacco batches; and/or compression of tobacco within a high pressure impregnation zone for greatly improving use of available space in a high pressure impregnation vessel.
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公开(公告)号：US5669397A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-23
申请号：US724425
申请日：1996-10-01
申请人： Hoyt S. Beard , Lucas J. Conrad , J. Edward Crook , James E. Lovette , Robert Calvin Johnson , Donald A. Newton , Hamid Neshan
发明人： Hoyt S. Beard , Lucas J. Conrad , J. Edward Crook , James E. Lovette , Robert Calvin Johnson , Donald A. Newton , Hamid Neshan
IPC分类号： A24B3/18
CPC分类号： A24B3/182
摘要： This invention provides tobacco expansion processes and apparatus that can be employed for expanding tobacco at rapid throughput rates employing high pressure tobacco impregnation conditions. The processes and apparatus of the invention are particularly useful in tobacco expansion processes employing cycle times of less than 20-30 seconds; the use of preheated, prepressurized expansion agent such as propane; preheating of tobacco batches; and/or compression of tobacco within a high pressure impregnation zone for greatly improving use of available space in a high pressure impregnation vessel.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了烟草膨胀方法和装置，其可以用于使用高压烟草浸渍条件以快速通过率膨胀烟草。 本发明的方法和设备在采用循环时间小于20-30秒的烟草膨胀过程中特别有用; 使用预热的预加压膨胀剂如丙烷; 预热烟草批次; 和/或高压浸渍区域内的烟草压缩，用于大大改善在高压浸渍容器中可用空间的使用。
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公开(公告)号：US4286910A
公开(公告)日：1981-09-01
申请号：US125730
申请日：1980-02-28
申请人： Lucas J. Conrad
发明人： Lucas J. Conrad
CPC分类号： F16K7/10 , B65G53/4675
摘要： The method of transferring the material between a first and second zone having different atmospheres of a first and second fluid utilizing spaced sealing members and a liner extending between sealing members, said sealing members and liner adapted to be manipulated in a sequence to permit the material to pass from the first zone to the second zone without an admixing of the atmosphere.
摘要翻译： 在具有不同气氛的第一和第二区域之间转移材料的方法，所述第一和第二区域利用间隔开的密封构件和在密封构件之间延伸的衬垫，所述密封构件和衬垫适于按顺序操作以允许材料 从第一区传递到第二区，而不会混合大气。
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公开(公告)号：US5526537A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-18
申请号：US408982
申请日：1995-03-23
申请人： Lucas J. Conrad
发明人： Lucas J. Conrad
IPC分类号： A47K11/04
CPC分类号： A47K11/04
摘要： A portable chair commode for either male or female medical patients with limited mobility is disclosed which comprises a frame structure designed to support an open slot toilet seat. The underside surface of the toilet seat is provided with means for removably attaching a receptacle for collection of bowel and bladder discharge. The frame structure includes a pair of substantially vertical extensions connected to the rear legs for supporting a backrest and a pair of cantilevered armrests. A preferred embodiment has the cantilevered armrests pivotally mounted so that the armrests can be moved from a horizontal rest position to a substantially vertical position to improve ease of access to the open slot toilet seat. The preferred embodiment also includes means for adjusting the height of each leg and an adjustably mounted footrest associated with the front legs of the chair commode.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于移动性有限的男性或女性医疗患者的便携式椅子，其包括设计成支撑开放式马桶座圈的框架结构。 马桶座的下表面设置有用于可移除地附接用于收集肠和膀胱排出物的容器的装置。 框架结构包括一对连接到后腿的基本垂直的延伸部分，用于支撑靠背和一对悬臂扶手。 优选的实施例具有可枢转地安装的悬臂式扶手，使得扶手可以从水平静止位置移动到基本垂直的位置，以改善进入开口马桶座的容易性。 优选实施例还包括用于调节每个腿的高度的装置和与椅子槽的前腿相关联的可调节地安装的脚踏板。
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公开(公告)号：US4507876A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-02
申请号：US497009
申请日：1983-05-23
申请人： Lucas J. Conrad
发明人： Lucas J. Conrad
CPC分类号： F26B11/024
摘要： Apparatus for preventing the escape of volatile treating agents into ambient air from a rotary treating drum used in treatment of particulate solids such as tobacco is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a flange on each end of the drum against which a washer is urged while a gas, such as air, is introduced between each flange and its associated washer ring.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于防止挥发性处理剂从用于处理诸如烟草的颗粒固体的旋转处理滚筒逃逸到环境空气中的装置。 该设备包括在滚筒的每个端部上的凸缘，当每个凸缘及其相关联的垫圈环之间引入诸如空气的气体时，垫圈被推向该凸缘。
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