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公开(公告)号：US5365950A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-22
申请号：US193878
申请日：1994-02-09
CPC分类号： A24B3/182 , Y10S131/90 , Y10S131/901
摘要： An expanding apparatus supplies an expanding agent to an impregnating vessel, and continuously supplies and discharges a material, e.g., a tobacco material to and from the impregnating vessel through a valve while pressure-increasing or pressure-decreasing the material, thereby continuously expanding the material. The expanding agent supplied to the impregnating vessel, the valve, and the like is recovered and, air, an impurity gas, or the like mixed in it is removed. Thereafter the expanding agent is pressure-increased to a high pressure and supplied to the impregnating vessel and the valve again.
摘要翻译： 膨胀装置将膨胀剂供应到浸渍容器，并且通过阀持续地将材料（例如烟草材料）供给和排出浸渍容器，同时增压或减压材料，从而连续膨胀材料 。 回收供给到浸渍容器，阀等的膨胀剂，除去混入其中的空气，杂质气体等。 此后，将膨胀剂压力增加到高压，并再次供应到浸渍容器和阀。
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公开(公告)号：US3693631A
公开(公告)日：1972-09-26
申请号：US3693631D
申请日：1971-04-28
发明人： MOORE ARNOLD GRAY , NEWTON DONALD A
IPC分类号： A24B3/18
CPC分类号： A24B3/182 , Y10S131/901
摘要： A process of expanding the filling capacity of tobacco which comprises introducing tobacco and a stream of vapors of a compound having an atmospheric pressure boiling point between about -50* and +80* C. into one end of an impregnating zone wherein the temperature of the tobacco and of the vapors introduced into said zone are, respectively, below and above the boiling point of the compound at the prevailing pressure. The tobacco is impregnated with the compound and the impregnated tobacco is withdrawn from the impregnation zone and subjected to vapor-expanding conditions such as immediate treatment with a hot gas to expand the tobacco. The relative amounts of the compound and the tobacco introduced into the impregnating zone and in the impregnated tobacco at the time of expansion is within the range of about 5 to 200 parts by weight of compound per 100 parts by weight of tobacco (dry basis). The flow of vapors to the impregnating zone is controlled with respect to the rate at which the tobacco is introduced into said zone.
摘要翻译： 一种扩大烟草的填充能力的方法，其包括将大气压沸点介于约-50℃和+ 80℃之间的烟草和蒸气流引入浸渍区的一端， 引入所述区域的烟草和蒸气分别低于和高于化合物在主要压力下的沸点。 用化合物浸渍烟草，并且浸渍的烟草从浸渍区域中取出并进行蒸气膨胀条件，例如用热气体立即处理以使烟草膨胀。 在膨胀时引入浸渍区和浸渍烟草中的化合物和烟草的相对量在每100重量份烟草（干基）为约5-200重量份化合物的范围内。 相对于将烟草引入所述区域的速率来控制到浸渍区域的蒸气流。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4962773A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-16
申请号：US85439
申请日：1987-08-13
申请人： Jackie L. White , Robert E. Grubbs , Hoyt S. Beard , Mark L. Raker , Thomas A. Perfetti , Richard G. Haberkern
发明人： Jackie L. White , Robert E. Grubbs , Hoyt S. Beard , Mark L. Raker , Thomas A. Perfetti , Richard G. Haberkern
CPC分类号： A24D1/00 , A24B3/182 , A24C5/60 , Y10S131/901
摘要： Cigarette rods and filter rods are provided by manufacturing rods from tobacco cut filler and a circumscribing paper wrap, and then subjecting the rods to conditions such that the cut filler undergoes volume expansion while within the paper wrap. For example, the tobacco rods can be exposed to propane under supercritical conditions within a pressure chamber followed by a venting of the gaseous fluid to expand the tobacco cut filler. The resulting rods are very firm, have good integrity, and frequently do not undergo any noticeable visible change. The resulting rods which contain the volume expanded tobacco can be used as smokable rods for cigarettes or as cigarette filters.
摘要翻译： 香烟棒和过滤棒由烟丝切割填料和外接纸包装制造棒提供，然后对棒进行条件，使得切割填料在纸包装内经历体积膨胀。 例如，烟草棒可以在超临界条件下在压力室内暴露于丙烷，随后排出气态流体以扩大烟草切割填料。 得到的棒非常牢固，具有良好的完整性，并且经常不会发生明显的明显变化。 所得到的容纳膨胀烟草的棒可以用作香烟的烟熏棒或作为香烟过滤嘴。
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公开(公告)号：US4531529A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-30
申请号：US432476
申请日：1982-10-04
申请人： Jackie L. White , Lucas J. Conrad
发明人： Jackie L. White , Lucas J. Conrad
IPC分类号： A24B3/18
CPC分类号： A24B3/18 , Y10S131/901 , Y10S131/902
摘要： An improved process for increasing the filling capacity of tobacco is provided in which tobacco is contacted with vapors of an expansion agent such as, for example, a low-boiling highly volatile hydrocarbon and/or halocarbon, at elevated temperature and pressure conditions, then releasing the pressure to about atmospheric pressure in a relatively short time period, such as from one second to ten minutes, so that the tobacco is expanded so as to increase its filling capacity in the absence of a subsequent heating step.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于提高烟草的填充能力的改进方法，其中烟草在升高的温度和压力条件下与膨胀剂例如低沸点高挥发性烃和/或卤代烃的蒸气接触，然后释放 在相当短的时间段（例如从1秒到10分钟）内的压力大约为大气压，使得烟草膨胀，以便在没有随后的加热步骤的情况下增加其填充能力。
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5.发明授权Expanding fibrous or plastic material by adding puffing agent under pressure and subsequent pressure release 失效通过在压力和后续压力释放下添加助浆剂来膨胀纤维或塑料材料
公开(公告)号：US3880705A
公开(公告)日：1975-04-29
申请号：US27322772
申请日：1972-07-19
申请人： TILBURG JAN VAN
发明人： TILBURG JAN VAN
CPC分类号： D06M11/05 , Y10S131/901 , Y10S131/902
摘要： A process for expanding or puffing fibrous or plastic materials such as paper, tobacco, cotton, asbestos, plastic films, etc., whereby the expandable material in sheet or filament form and a puffing agent are continuously advanced under pressure through a pressure zone defined between a pair of opposed surfaces which continuously separate at the zone outlet so that as the expandable material and puffing agent pass out of the pressure zone the agent expands and puffs the material. Heat is usually applied to the pressure zone to generate or increase the pressure therein. The puffing may be in the form of a liquid, such as water or fluorinated hydrocarbons, or a gas, such as steam. The puffing agent may be supplied separately to the pressure zone or concurrently with the expandable material.
摘要翻译： 用于膨胀或膨化纤维或塑料材料如纸，烟草，棉花，石棉，塑料薄膜等的方法，由此将片状或长丝形式的可膨胀材料和膨化剂在压力下连续地通过压力区域 一对相对的表面，其在区域出口处连续分离，使得随着可膨胀材料和膨化剂从压力区域流出，试剂膨胀并且吹起该材料。 通常将热量施加到压力区以产生或增加其中的压力。 膨化可以是液体的形式，例如水或氟化烃，或气体，例如蒸汽。 膨化剂可以单独供应到压力区域或与可膨胀材料同时供应。
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公开(公告)号：US3524451A
公开(公告)日：1970-08-18
申请号：US3524451D
申请日：1968-04-10
IPC分类号： A24B3/18
CPC分类号： A24B3/182 , Y10S131/901
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7.发明授权Apparatus and method for improved hydrate formation and improved efficiency of recovery of expansion agent in processes for expanding tobacco and other agricultural products 失效改进水合物形成的装置和方法，并且在扩大烟草和其他农产品的方法中提高膨胀剂的回收效率公开(公告)号：US06209546B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-03
申请号：US09203199
申请日：1998-11-30
IPC分类号： A24B318
CPC分类号： A24B3/182 , Y10S131/901
摘要： An apparatus and a method for recovering additional expansion agent in a process for the expansion of tobacco or another agricultural product are disclosed. One embodiment is a method for recovering additional expansion agent in a process for the expansion of tobacco or another agricultural product, the process having a multi-step depressurization sequence including at least first and second depressurization steps for depressurizing an impregnation vessel, which includes the following steps: withdrawing substantially all of an amount of an expansion agent in the impregnation vessel at about the end of the second depressurization step during the multi-step depressurization sequence; and transmitting at least a portion of said amount of expansion agent to a low-pressure gas tank. In one embodiment, the expansion agent is carbon dioxide.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在扩大烟草或其他农产品的方法中回收附加膨胀剂的装置和方法。 一个实施方案是在用于膨胀烟草或另一种农产品的方法中回收另外的膨胀剂的方法，所述方法具有包括至少第一和第二减压步骤的多级减压顺序，所述减压步骤包括以下步骤 步骤：在多级减压步骤期间，在大约第二减压步骤结束时，在浸渍容器中基本上全部排出一定量的膨胀剂; 并将所述量的膨胀剂的至少一部分传递到低压气罐。 在一个实施方案中，膨胀剂是二氧化碳。
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公开(公告)号：US4791942A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-20
申请号：US892005
申请日：1986-08-01
IPC分类号： A24B3/18
CPC分类号： A24B3/182 , Y10S131/90 , Y10S131/901
摘要： A process for expanding tobacco includes the steps of adjusting the moisture content of cut tobacco, pressurizing the cut tobacco with or without treatment, releasing the pressurized cut tobacco rapidly into a dryer and reordering the tobacco. The apparatus includes a housing having at least one chamber and preferably a chamber divided into a plurality of isolated sectors. Tobacco is received in the chamber or in each sector and released quickly from the housing following at least the step of pressurization of tobacco by steam. The apparatus may be used for batch and continuous treatment of tobacco. According to the continuous treatment, the sectors are formed by a rotating member, and each sector of the member is filled with tobacco as the member rotates relative to an inlet. The inlet and an outlet through which treated tobacco falls are in vertical alignment.
摘要翻译： 一种扩大烟草的方法包括以下步骤：调节烟草的含水量，对已经或不经处理的烟草进行加压，将加压切割的烟草快速释放到干燥器中并重新排序烟草。 该装置包括具有至少一个室并且优选地被分成多个隔离扇区的室的壳体。 烟草在室内或每个扇区中被接收，并且至少在蒸汽对烟草加压的步骤之后迅速地从壳体释放。 该设备可用于批量和连续处理烟草。 根据连续处理，这些扇区由旋转构件形成，并且当构件相对于入口旋转时，构件的每个扇区都填充有烟草。 经处理的烟草落下的入口和出口垂直对齐。
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公开(公告)号：US3957063A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-18
申请号：US462522
申请日：1974-04-19
申请人： Waldemar Wochnowski
发明人： Waldemar Wochnowski
CPC分类号： A24B3/187 , A24B3/182 , Y10S131/901 , Y10S131/903
摘要： Particles of a tobacco stream are first expanded by passing across a high-frequency field wherein they are exposed to the action of electromagnetic waves which effect a vaporization of moisture in the capillaries with attendant increase in volume. The thus expanded particles of the tobacco are thereupon conveyed through a drying zone wherein the particles are externally heated by hot air for a short period of time to thus effect rapid drying of strata immediately adjacent to external surfaces of the particles and to thereby stabilize the particles against shrinkage. In the last step, the tobacco stream is forcibly cooled with air to effect a condensation of vaporized moisture in the capillaries. The expansion of tobacco can be enhanced if the tobacco stream is caused to pass through a bath containing freon or another organic fluid having a boiling point lower than water before the tobacco stream is conveyed across the high frequency field.
摘要翻译： 首先通过穿过高频场来扩大烟草流的颗粒，其中它们暴露于电磁波的作用下，其随着体积的增加而使毛细管中的水分蒸发。 这样膨胀的烟草颗粒随后被输送通过干燥区，其中颗粒被热空气外部加热一段短时间，从而快速干燥紧邻颗粒外表面的层，从而使颗粒稳定 反收缩。 在最后一步中，烟气流被空气强制冷却以使毛细管中的气化水分冷凝。 如果烟草流在烟草流被输送到高频场之前，如果使烟草流通过含有氟化钠或沸点低于水的另一种有机流体的浴，则可以增强烟草的膨胀。
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公开(公告)号：US3753440A
公开(公告)日：1973-08-21
申请号：US3753440D
申请日：1972-03-07
发明人： ASHBURN J
IPC分类号： A24B3/18
CPC分类号： A24B3/182 , Y10S131/901 , Y10S131/902
摘要： The filling capacity of tobacco is increased by establishing a body of water-moistened tobacco in a bed in a hermetically sealed chamber. A partial vacuum is applied to the bed to remove occluded air and the tobacco is contacted with vapors of a compound having an atmospheric pressure boiling point between about -10 and +80* C., the temperature of the tobacco during contact being maintained at or below the boiling point of the compound at the prevailing pressure, whereby the tobacco is impregnated with the compound in the liquid state by condensation. The impregnated tobacco is then equilibrated, and a drying gas at a temperature between about 40* and 80* C. is passed through the bed to remove a portion of the moisture and the impregnating compound as vapors. A hot gas at a temperature above about 90* C. and more than about 18* C. above the boiling point of the compound is then passed through the tobacco to expand it.
摘要翻译： 通过在气密密封的室中的床中建立一组水分润湿的烟草来增加烟草的填充能力。 将部分真空施加到床上以除去堵塞的空气，并使烟草与大气压沸点在约-10和+ 80℃之间的化合物的蒸气接触，烟草在接触期间的温度保持在或 低于化合物在主要压力下的沸点，由此通过冷凝将烟草浸渍在液态的化合物中。 然后将浸渍的烟草平衡，并且将在约40℃和80℃之间的温度下的干燥气体通过床以除去一部分水分和浸渍化合物作为蒸气。 然后将高于约90℃并高于化合物沸点超过约18℃的热气体通过烟草以使其膨胀。
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