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1.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09110192B2
公开(公告)日：2015-08-18
申请号：US12752122
申请日：2010-04-01
CPC分类号： G01V1/50
摘要： Methods and apparatus to identify layer boundaries in subterranean formations are described. An example method of identifying a layer boundary of a subterranean formation includes transmitting an acoustic signal from a transmitter into a borehole of the subterranean formation and receiving the acoustic signal at a receiver coupled to the downhole tool and spaced from the transmitter. Additionally, the example method includes logging an energy value associated with the acoustic signal received by the receiver as the downhole tool is moved in the borehole and identifying a change in the logged energy value associated with an impedance change in the subterranean formation to identify the layer boundary.
摘要翻译： 描述了确定地层中层间边界的方法和装置。 识别地层的层边界的示例性方法包括将声信号从发射机传输到地下井的井眼中，并在耦合到井下工具并与发射器间隔开的接收器处接收声信号。 此外，示例性方法包括：当井下工具在钻孔中移动时，记录与接收器接收的声信号相关联的能量值，并且识别与地下地层中的阻抗变化相关联的记录能量值的变化，以识别层 边界。
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公开(公告)号：US08141635B2
公开(公告)日：2012-03-27
申请号：US12248176
申请日：2008-10-09
IPC分类号： E21B47/00 , E21B47/022
CPC分类号： E21B47/024
摘要： Methods and related systems are described for use for determining orientation of a measurement tool in a cased borehole. The measurement tool is deployed in a cased section of a borehole. The tool includes a volume containing a reference fluid having a first density, and a marker within the fluid having a different density. The position of the marker within volume containing the reference fluid is senses, and orientation information of the measurement tool is determined based at least in part on combining information relating to the position of the marker with prior recorded data representing orientation measurements made while the section of the borehole was not yet cased.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于确定套管钻孔中的测量工具的取向的方法和相关系统。 测量工具部署在钻孔的套管部分。 该工具包括含有具有第一密度的参考流体的体积，以及具有不同密度的流体内的标记物。 标记在包含参考流体的体积内的位置是感觉的，并且至少部分地基于组合关于标记的位置的信息与表示当在 钻孔还没有开始。
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公开(公告)号：US08009509B2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-30
申请号：US12100211
申请日：2008-04-09
CPC分类号： G01V1/50
摘要： An integrated framework is described for automating some or all of mud slowness estimation for both fast and slow formations. An estimation of fluid slowness based on monopole radial profiling is calculated if conditions permit. Alternatively, an estimation of fluid slowness based on Scholte wave slowness is estimated if conditions do not permit calculation based on monopole radial profiling. Tool standoff may also be estimated based on monopole radial profiling.
摘要翻译： 描述了一个综合框架，用于自动化快速和慢速地层的部分或全部泥浆慢度估计。 如果条件允许，则计算基于单极径向剖面的流体缓慢的估计。 或者，如果条件不允许基于单极径向剖面的计算，则估计基于Scholte波慢度的流体慢度的估计。 也可以基于单极径向轮廓来估计刀具对位。
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公开(公告)号：US06654688B1
公开(公告)日：2003-11-25
申请号：US09937935
申请日：2002-01-18
IPC分类号： G01V300
CPC分类号： G01V1/48
摘要： Methods for determining the best value for at least one slowness-related parameter that has been determined in a number of ways is disclosed. Sonic logging data input in the methods are processed to determine multiple values of at least one slowness-related parameter using slowness/time coherence (STC) processing methods. The error of each determined parameter is determined and the determined errors used in selecting a representative parameter value from the multiple determined slowness-related parameter values.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于确定已经以多种方式确定的至少一个慢度相关参数的最佳值的方法。 使用慢度/时间相干（STC）处理方法处理方法中输入的声波记录数据以确定至少一个慢度相关参数的多个值。 确定每个确定的参数的误差，并且从多个确定的慢度相关参数值中选择确定的误差用于选择代表参数值。
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公开(公告)号：US09334718B2
公开(公告)日：2016-05-10
申请号：US12652405
申请日：2010-01-05
CPC分类号： E21B43/26 , G01V1/288 , G01V2210/123
摘要： Automatic detection and accurate time picking of weak events embedded in strong noise such as microseismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing is accomplished by: a noise reduction step to separate out the noise and estimate its spectrum; an events detection and confidence indicator step, in which a new statistical test is applied to detect which time windows contain coherent arrivals across components and sensors in the multicomponent array and to indicate the confidence in this detection; and a time-picking step to accurately estimate the time of onset of the arrivals detected above and measure the time delay across the array using a hybrid beamforming method incorporating the use of higher order statistics. In the context of hydraulic fracturing, this could enhance the coverage and mapping of the fractures while also enabling monitoring from the treatment well itself where there is usually much higher and spatially correlated noise.
摘要翻译： 自动检测和精确时间采集嵌入强噪声（如水力压裂引起的微震）的弱事件是通过以下方式实现的：通过降噪步骤分离噪声并估计其频谱; 事件检测和置信指标步骤，其中应用新的统计测试以检测哪个时间窗口包含多组件阵列中的组件和传感器之间的相干到达，并指示该检测的置信度; 以及精确估计上述检测到达时间的时间选择步骤，并且使用结合使用更高阶统计量的混合波束成形方法来测量阵列上的时间延迟。 在水力压裂的背景下，这可以增强裂缝的覆盖和映射，同时还能够从处理井本身进行监测，其中通常有更高的空间相关噪声。
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公开(公告)号：US08848484B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-30
申请号：US13310780
申请日：2011-12-04
CPC分类号： G01V1/48 , G01V1/44 , G01V2210/23
摘要： Methods and apparatus to filter acoustic waveforms in downhole environments are described. An example method involves receiving acoustic waveform data representing acoustic signals traversing at least a portion of a borehole adjacent a subterranean formation and performing a direct transform operation on the acoustic waveform data to generate wavelet map data. The wavelet map data comprises a time-frequency representation of the acoustic waveform data. The example method also involves identifying a waveform of interest via the wavelet map data, extracting data associated with the waveform of interest from the wavelet map data, generating filtered wavelet map data based on the extracted data, and performing an inverse transform operation on the filtered wavelet map data to generate filtered acoustic waveform data
摘要翻译： 描述了在井下环境中滤波声波的方法和装置。 示例性方法包括接收表示穿过邻近地层的钻孔的至少一部分的声信号的声波形数据，并且对声波形数据执行直接变换操作以产生小波图数据。 小波图数据包括声波形数据的时间 - 频率表示。 该示例方法还涉及通过小波变换图数据识别感兴趣的波形，从小波变换数据中提取与感兴趣波形相关联的数据，基于所提取的数据产生滤波后的小波变换数据，并对经滤波的 小波图数据生成滤波后的声波形数据
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公开(公告)号：US08794317B2
公开(公告)日：2014-08-05
申请号：US13400431
申请日：2012-02-20
IPC分类号： E21B47/00
CPC分类号： E21B47/024
摘要： Methods and related systems are described for use for determining orientation of a measurement tool in a cased borehole. The measurement tool is deployed in a cased section of a borehole. The tool includes a volume containing a reference fluid having a first density, and a marker within the fluid having a different density. The position of the marker within volume containing the reference fluid is senses, and orientation information of the measurement tool is determined based at least in part on combining information relating to the position of the marker with prior recorded data representing orientation measurements made while the section of the borehole was not yet cased.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于确定套管钻孔中的测量工具的取向的方法和相关系统。 测量工具部署在钻孔的套管部分。 该工具包括含有具有第一密度的参考流体的体积，以及具有不同密度的流体内的标记物。 标记在包含参考流体的体积内的位置是感觉的，并且至少部分地基于组合关于标记的位置的信息与表示当在 钻孔还没有开始。
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公开(公告)号：US08630148B2
公开(公告)日：2014-01-14
申请号：US13152189
申请日：2011-06-02
IPC分类号： H04B11/00
CPC分类号： H02M3/1563 , E21B47/00 , G01V1/159 , G01V1/42 , H04B11/00
摘要： Systems, methods, and apparatus to drive reactive loads are disclosed. An example apparatus to drive a reactive load includes a reactive component in circuit with the reactive load, a first switching element in circuit with the reactive load to selectively hold the reactive load in a first energy state and to selectively allow the reactive load to change from the first energy state to a second energy state, a second switching element in circuit with the reactive load to selectively hold the reactive load in the second energy state and to selectively allow the reactive load to change from the second energy state to the first energy state, and a controller to detect a current in the reactive load, and to control the first and second switching elements to hold the reactive load in the first or the second energy state when the current traverses a threshold.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于驱动无功负载的系统，方法和装置。 驱动无功负载的示例性装置包括具有无功负载的电路中的无功分量，具有无功负载的电路中的第一开关元件，以选择性地将无功负载保持在第一能量状态并且选择性地允许无功负载从 第一能量状态到第二能量状态，第二开关元件在电路中具有无功负载以选择性地将无功负载保持在第二能量状态，并且选择性地允许无功负载从第二能量状态改变到第一能量状态 以及控制器，用于检测无功负载中的电流，并且当电流横穿阈值时，控制第一和第二开关元件将无功负载保持在第一或第二能量状态。
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公开(公告)号：US07894300B2
公开(公告)日：2011-02-22
申请号：US11849300
申请日：2007-09-03
申请人： Andrew Hawthorn , Lucian King Johnston , David Linton Johnson , Takeshi Endo , Henri-Pierre Valero
发明人： Andrew Hawthorn , Lucian King Johnston , David Linton Johnson , Takeshi Endo , Henri-Pierre Valero
IPC分类号： G01V1/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/50
摘要： A method and system for fluid characterization in an underground formation surrounding a borehole are provided. Acoustic signals are transmitted and received in the borehole. The received acoustic signals are processed to obtain at least one attribute of formation mobility. Formation fluid is characterized based on a change of the at least one attribute. A decision is made based on the characterization output.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于围绕钻孔的地下地层中流体表征的方法和系统。 声信号在钻孔中传送和接收。 接收到的声信号被处理以获得至少一个地层移动性的属性。 基于至少一个属性的变化来表征形成流体。 根据特征输出作出决定。
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公开(公告)号：US20100228530A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-09
申请号：US12652405
申请日：2010-01-05
IPC分类号： G06F17/10
CPC分类号： E21B43/26 , G01V1/288 , G01V2210/123
摘要： Automatic detection and accurate time picking of weak events embedded in strong noise such as microseismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing is accomplished by: a noise reduction step to separate out the noise and estimate its spectrum; an events detection and confidence indicator step, in which a new statistical test is applied to detect which time windows contain coherent arrivals across components and sensors in the multicomponent array and to indicate the confidence in this detection; and a time-picking step to accurately estimate the time of onset of the arrivals detected above and measure the time delay across the array using a hybrid beamforming method incorporating the use of higher order statistics. In the context of hydraulic fracturing, this could enhance the coverage and mapping of the fractures while also enabling monitoring from the treatment well itself where there is usually much higher and spatially correlated noise.
摘要翻译： 自动检测和精确时间采集嵌入强噪声（如水力压裂引起的微震）的弱事件是通过以下方式实现的：通过降噪步骤分离噪声并估计其频谱; 事件检测和置信指标步骤，其中应用新的统计测试以检测哪个时间窗口包含多组件阵列中的组件和传感器之间的相干到达，并指示该检测的置信度; 以及精确估计上述检测到达时间的时间选择步骤，并且使用结合使用更高阶统计量的混合波束成形方法来测量阵列上的时间延迟。 在水力压裂的背景下，这可以增强裂缝的覆盖和映射，同时还能够从处理井本身进行监测，其中通常有更高的空间相关噪声。
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