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公开(公告)号：US09334718B2
公开(公告)日：2016-05-10
申请号：US12652405
申请日：2010-01-05
CPC分类号： E21B43/26 , G01V1/288 , G01V2210/123
摘要： Automatic detection and accurate time picking of weak events embedded in strong noise such as microseismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing is accomplished by: a noise reduction step to separate out the noise and estimate its spectrum; an events detection and confidence indicator step, in which a new statistical test is applied to detect which time windows contain coherent arrivals across components and sensors in the multicomponent array and to indicate the confidence in this detection; and a time-picking step to accurately estimate the time of onset of the arrivals detected above and measure the time delay across the array using a hybrid beamforming method incorporating the use of higher order statistics. In the context of hydraulic fracturing, this could enhance the coverage and mapping of the fractures while also enabling monitoring from the treatment well itself where there is usually much higher and spatially correlated noise.
摘要翻译： 自动检测和精确时间采集嵌入强噪声（如水力压裂引起的微震）的弱事件是通过以下方式实现的：通过降噪步骤分离噪声并估计其频谱; 事件检测和置信指标步骤，其中应用新的统计测试以检测哪个时间窗口包含多组件阵列中的组件和传感器之间的相干到达，并指示该检测的置信度; 以及精确估计上述检测到达时间的时间选择步骤，并且使用结合使用更高阶统计量的混合波束成形方法来测量阵列上的时间延迟。 在水力压裂的背景下，这可以增强裂缝的覆盖和映射，同时还能够从处理井本身进行监测，其中通常有更高的空间相关噪声。
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公开(公告)号：US20100228530A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-09
申请号：US12652405
申请日：2010-01-05
IPC分类号： G06F17/10
CPC分类号： E21B43/26 , G01V1/288 , G01V2210/123
摘要： Automatic detection and accurate time picking of weak events embedded in strong noise such as microseismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing is accomplished by: a noise reduction step to separate out the noise and estimate its spectrum; an events detection and confidence indicator step, in which a new statistical test is applied to detect which time windows contain coherent arrivals across components and sensors in the multicomponent array and to indicate the confidence in this detection; and a time-picking step to accurately estimate the time of onset of the arrivals detected above and measure the time delay across the array using a hybrid beamforming method incorporating the use of higher order statistics. In the context of hydraulic fracturing, this could enhance the coverage and mapping of the fractures while also enabling monitoring from the treatment well itself where there is usually much higher and spatially correlated noise.
摘要翻译： 自动检测和精确时间采集嵌入强噪声（如水力压裂引起的微震）的弱事件是通过以下方式实现的：通过降噪步骤分离噪声并估计其频谱; 事件检测和置信指标步骤，其中应用新的统计测试以检测哪个时间窗口包含多组件阵列中的组件和传感器之间的相干到达，并指示该检测的置信度; 以及精确估计上述检测到达时间的时间选择步骤，并且使用结合使用更高阶统计量的混合波束成形方法来测量阵列上的时间延迟。 在水力压裂的背景下，这可以增强裂缝的覆盖和映射，同时还能够从处理井本身进行监测，其中通常有更高的空间相关噪声。
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公开(公告)号：US20120307596A1
公开(公告)日：2012-12-06
申请号：US13152189
申请日：2011-06-02
CPC分类号： H02M3/1563 , E21B47/00 , G01V1/159 , G01V1/42 , H04B11/00
摘要： Systems, methods, and apparatus to drive reactive loads are disclosed. An example apparatus to drive a reactive load includes a reactive component in circuit with the reactive load, a first switching element in circuit with the reactive load to selectively hold the reactive load in a first energy state and to selectively allow the reactive load to change from the first energy state to a second energy state, a second switching element in circuit with the reactive load to selectively hold the reactive load in the second energy state and to selectively allow the reactive load to change from the second energy state to the first energy state, and a controller to detect a current in the reactive load, and to control the first and second switching elements to hold the reactive load in the first or the second energy state when the current traverses a threshold.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于驱动无功负载的系统，方法和装置。 驱动无功负载的示例性装置包括具有无功负载的电路中的无功分量，具有无功负载的电路中的第一开关元件，以选择性地将无功负载保持在第一能量状态并且选择性地允许无功负载从 第一能量状态到第二能量状态，第二开关元件在电路中具有无功负载以选择性地将无功负载保持在第二能量状态，并且选择性地允许无功负载从第二能量状态改变到第一能量状态 以及控制器，用于检测无功负载中的电流，并且当电流横穿阈值时，控制第一和第二开关元件将无功负载保持在第一或第二能量状态。
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公开(公告)号：US08199609B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-12
申请号：US12367866
申请日：2009-02-09
IPC分类号： G01V1/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/40 , B06B1/0607
摘要： A multimode acoustic source device for disposition in a borehole formed in a subterranean formation is aligned along an axial axis of the borehole and has a plurality of radiating plates circumferentially disposed about the axial axis. A drive mechanism is proposed to independently and reversibly move each radiating plate from a first position to a second position in a direction transverse to the axial axis. This enables the multimode source to generate each of several azimuthal modes for logging a subterranean formation.
摘要翻译： 用于配置在地层中形成的钻孔中的多模声源装置沿着钻孔的轴线对准，并且具有围绕轴向轴向周向设置的多个辐射板。 提出了一种驱动机构，用于在横向于轴向的方向上将每个辐射板从第一位置独立地和可逆地移动到第二位置。 这使得多模源能够产生用于记录地下地层的几种方位角模式中的每一种。
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公开(公告)号：US08630148B2
公开(公告)日：2014-01-14
申请号：US13152189
申请日：2011-06-02
IPC分类号： H04B11/00
CPC分类号： H02M3/1563 , E21B47/00 , G01V1/159 , G01V1/42 , H04B11/00
摘要： Systems, methods, and apparatus to drive reactive loads are disclosed. An example apparatus to drive a reactive load includes a reactive component in circuit with the reactive load, a first switching element in circuit with the reactive load to selectively hold the reactive load in a first energy state and to selectively allow the reactive load to change from the first energy state to a second energy state, a second switching element in circuit with the reactive load to selectively hold the reactive load in the second energy state and to selectively allow the reactive load to change from the second energy state to the first energy state, and a controller to detect a current in the reactive load, and to control the first and second switching elements to hold the reactive load in the first or the second energy state when the current traverses a threshold.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于驱动无功负载的系统，方法和装置。 驱动无功负载的示例性装置包括具有无功负载的电路中的无功分量，具有无功负载的电路中的第一开关元件，以选择性地将无功负载保持在第一能量状态并且选择性地允许无功负载从 第一能量状态到第二能量状态，第二开关元件在电路中具有无功负载以选择性地将无功负载保持在第二能量状态，并且选择性地允许无功负载从第二能量状态改变到第一能量状态 以及控制器，用于检测无功负载中的电流，并且当电流横穿阈值时，控制第一和第二开关元件将无功负载保持在第一或第二能量状态。
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公开(公告)号：US20100202252A1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-12
申请号：US12367866
申请日：2009-02-09
IPC分类号： G01V1/40
CPC分类号： G01V1/40 , B06B1/0607
摘要： A multimode acoustic source device for disposition in a borehole formed in a subterranean formation is aligned along an axial axis of the borehole and has a plurality of radiating plates circumferentially disposed about the axial axis. A drive mechanism is proposed to independently and reversibly move each radiating plate from a first position to a second position in a direction transverse to the axial axis. This enables the multimode source to generate each of several azimuthal modes for logging a subterranean formation.
摘要翻译： 用于配置在地层中形成的钻孔中的多模声源装置沿着钻孔的轴线对准，并且具有围绕轴向轴向周向设置的多个辐射板。 提出了一种驱动机构，用于在横向于轴向的方向上将每个辐射板从第一位置独立地和可逆地移动到第二位置。 这使得多模源能够产生用于记录地下地层的几种方位角模式中的每一种。
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公开(公告)号：US5477101A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-19
申请号：US286598
申请日：1994-08-05
摘要： An acoustic transducer comprises two pairs of opposite elongate segments (20) placed inside a deformable tube (14). Drive means (22) operable to expand in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the tube are disposed between the segments of each pair. The drive means occupy a substantial portion of the inside volume of the tube. A preferred arrangement includes drive means for a pair of segments longitudinally displaced from the drive means for the other pair. Drive means may be constituted by stacks of piezoelectric pellets (24) extending radially relative to the axis of the tube. A pressure compensation system is provided to keep the pressure inside the tube (14) substantially equal to the external pressure. Longitudinal flutes (14a) are formed inside the tube (14) between the segments (20) to facilitate tube deformation and amplify volume variation.
摘要翻译： 声换能器包括放置在可变形管（14）内的两对相对的细长段（20）。 驱动装置（22）可操作以在与管轴垂直的方向上膨胀，设置在每对的段之间。 驱动装置占据管的内部体积的大部分。 优选的布置包括用于另一对的驱动装置纵向移位的一对区段的驱动装置。 驱动装置可以由相对于管的轴线径向延伸的压电片（24）组成。 提供压力补偿系统以保持管（14）内的压力基本上等于外部压力。 纵向凹槽（14a）形成在管（20）内的管（14）内，以便于管变形并放大体积变化。
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公开(公告)号：US07562740B2
公开(公告)日：2009-07-21
申请号：US10695078
申请日：2003-10-28
IPC分类号： G01V1/04
摘要： The present invention discloses an acoustic borehole source and method of using the source for generating elastic waves through an earth formation that may be used for logging or permanent installations. The acoustic source is comprised of a first motorized reaction mass and at least two pads, each pad connected to the sonde and the motorized reaction mass using pushing rods. In an alternate embodiment, the source has a first and second motorized reaction mass and at least two pads. The motorized reaction masses may be activated to allow the pads to move at an angle α relative to the axis of the sonde. In a third embodiment, the acoustic borehole source includes additional pairs of motorized reaction masses so that pads may be independently activated.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种声孔源和使用该源产生弹性波的方法，所述弹性波通过地层可用于测井或永久安装。 声源包括第一电动反应物质和至少两个焊盘，每个焊盘连接到探测器，并且使用推杆将电动反应物质组合。 在替代实施例中，源具有第一和第二电动反应物质和至少两个焊盘。 电动反应物质可以被激活以允许焊盘相对于探头的轴线成α角移动。 在第三实施例中，声孔源包括另外的一对电动反作用质量块，使得焊盘可以被独立地激活。
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09097106B2
公开(公告)日：2015-08-04
申请号：US13436412
申请日：2012-03-30
申请人： Elizabeth B. Dussan V , Abderrhamane Ounadjela , Richard D. Joyce , Jacques Jundt , Douglas W. Grant , Edward Harrigan
发明人： Elizabeth B. Dussan V , Abderrhamane Ounadjela , Richard D. Joyce , Jacques Jundt , Douglas W. Grant , Edward Harrigan
IPC分类号： E21B49/08
CPC分类号： E21B49/082
摘要： An apparatus, method and system are provided for characterizing fluid trapped in a subterranean formation using a downhole tool that includes an elongated body and a probe body. The probe body is moveable from and back into the elongated body. The probe body defines a flow line and supports a pressure sensor for measuring fluid pressure in the flow line, a piston and an electrical motor actuator that is adapted to move the piston in order to vary volume of the flow line. The integral electrical motor actuator, piston, pressure sensor and flow line of the probe body can provide for measurement of formation pressure and/or formation mobility.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种装置，方法和系统，用于使用包括细长主体和探针主体的井下工具来表征捕获在地下地层中的流体。 探针主体可以从背部和后部移动到细长体中。 探针主体限定流线并且支撑用于测量流动管线中的流体压力的压力传感器，适于移动活塞以便改变流动管线体积的活塞和电动机致动器。 探头主体的整体电动机致动器，活塞，压力传感器和流动管线可以提供测量地层压力和/或地层流动性。
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公开(公告)号：US20050087391A1
公开(公告)日：2005-04-28
申请号：US10695078
申请日：2003-10-28
摘要： The present invention discloses an acoustic borehole source and method of using the source for generating elastic waves through an earth formation that may be used for logging (such as by wireline) or permanent installations. In one embodiment, the acoustic source is comprised of a first motorized reaction mass and at least two pads, each pad connected to the sonde and the motorized reaction mass using pushing rods. To ensure proper positioning within the borehole, the sonde is anchored against the borehole wall using at least two of the pads or using a separate anchoring means. In a second embodiment, an acoustic borehole source is comprised of a first and second motorized reaction mass and at least two pads. The motorized reaction masses may be preferentially activated to allow the pads to move at an angle α relative to the axis of the sonde. In a third embodiment, the acoustic borehole source includes additional pairs of motorized reaction masses so that pads may be independently, preferentially activated.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种声孔源和使用该源产生弹性波通过地层形成的方法，该地层可用于测井（例如通过电缆）或永久性安装。 在一个实施例中，声源包括第一电动反应物质和至少两个焊盘，每个焊盘连接到探测器，并且使用推杆连接机动反应物质。 为了确保钻孔内的适当定位，使用至少两个垫或使用单独的锚定装置将探头锚固在钻孔壁上。 在第二实施例中，声孔源包括第一和第二电动反应物质和至少两个垫。 电动反应物质可以被优先激活以允许焊盘相对于探测器的轴线成α角移动。 在第三实施例中，声孔源包括额外的电动反作用质量对，使得焊盘可以独立地，优先地被激活。
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