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    Electrofluidic devices, visual displays, and methods for making and operating such electrofluidic devices
    1.
    发明授权
    Electrofluidic devices, visual displays, and methods for making and operating such electrofluidic devices 有权
    电流体装置，视觉显示器以及用于制造和操作这种电流流体装置的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08111465B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-02-07

    申请号：US12677653

    申请日：2008-09-12

    申请人： Jason Heikenfeld ,  Bo Sun ,  April Milarcik ,  George Robertson ,  Russell Schwartz

    发明人： Jason Heikenfeld ,  Bo Sun ,  April Milarcik ,  George Robertson ,  Russell Schwartz

    IPC分类号： G02B1/06

    CPC分类号： G02B26/005

    摘要： Electrofluidic devices, visual displays formed from the electrofluidic devices, and methods for making and operating such electrofluidic devices Each electrofluidic device has a fluid vessel with first and second regions that contain an electrically conductive polar fluid and a non-polar fluid The polar and/or the non-polar fluids are externally visible external through a viewable area of the second region A voltage source is electrically connected to a capacitor having a hydrophobic surface that contacts the polar fluid and provides a first principal radius of curvature of the polar fluid that is convex and smaller than a second principal radius of curvature of the polar fluid in the first region The voltage source applies an electromechanical force to the polar fluid, thereby transferring the polar fluid from the first region to the second region and causing a spectral property of light transferred through the viewable area to change.

    摘要翻译： 电流体装置，由电流流体装置形成的视觉显示器，以及用于制造和操作这种电流流体装置的方法。 每个电流流体装置具有流体容器，其具有包含导电极性流体和非极性流体的第一和第二区域。 极性和/或非极性流体在外部通过第二区域的可视区域外部可见。 电压源电连接到具有与极性流体接触的疏水表面的电容器，并且提供极性流体的凸起的第一主曲率半径并且小于第一区域中的极性流体的第二主曲率半径 。 电压源对极性流体施加机电力，从而将极性流体从第一区域传递到第二区域，并且使通过可视区域传输的光的光谱特性发生变化。

    Electrofluidic Devices, Visual Displays, And Methods For Making And Operating Such Elecrofluidic Devices
    2.
    发明申请
    Electrofluidic Devices, Visual Displays, And Methods For Making And Operating Such Elecrofluidic Devices 有权
    电流体装置，视觉显示器和用于制造和操作这种分流流体装置的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20100208328A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-08-19

    申请号：US12677653

    申请日：2008-09-12

    申请人： Jason Heikenfeld ,  Bo Sun ,  April Milarcik ,  George Robertson ,  Russell Schwartz

    发明人： Jason Heikenfeld ,  Bo Sun ,  April Milarcik ,  George Robertson ,  Russell Schwartz

    IPC分类号： G02F1/23 ,  G02F1/01

    CPC分类号： G02B26/005

    摘要： Electrofluidic devices, visual displays formed from the electrofluidic devices, and methods for making and operating such electrofluidic devices Each electrofluidic device has a fluid vessel with first and second regions that contain an electrically conductive polar fluid and a non-polar fluid The polar and/or the non-polar fluids are externally visible external through a viewable area of the second region A voltage source is electrically connected to a capacitor having a hydrophobic surface that contacts the polar fluid and provides a first principal radius of curvature of the polar fluid that is convex and smaller than a second principal radius of curvature of the polar fluid in the first region The voltage source applies an electromechanical force to the polar fluid, thereby transferring the polar fluid from the first region to the second region and causing a spectral property of light transferred through the viewable area to change

    摘要翻译： 电流体装置，由电流流体装置形成的视觉显示器，以及用于制造和操作这种电流流体装置的方法。 每个电流流体装置具有流体容器，其具有包含导电极性流体和非极性流体的第一和第二区域。 极性和/或非极性流体在外部通过第二区域的可视区域外部可见。 电压源电连接到具有与极性流体接触的疏水表面的电容器，并且提供极性流体的凸起的第一主曲率半径并且小于第一区域中的极性流体的第二主曲率半径 。 电压源对极性流体施加机电力，从而将极性流体从第一区域传递到第二区域，并且使通过可视区域传输的光的光谱特性发生变化。

    Colored fluids for electrowetting, electrofluidic, and electrophoretic technologies
    3.
    再颁专利
    Colored fluids for electrowetting, electrofluidic, and electrophoretic technologies 有权
    彩色液体用于电润湿，电流和电泳技术

    公开(公告)号：USRE46318E1

    公开(公告)日：2017-02-21

    申请号：US14279466

    申请日：2014-05-16

    申请人： Jason C. Heikenfeld ,  Russell Schwartz ,  Lisa Clapp ,  April Milarcik ,  Stanislav G. Vilner

    发明人： Jason C. Heikenfeld ,  Russell Schwartz ,  Lisa Clapp ,  April Milarcik ,  Stanislav G. Vilner

    IPC分类号： G02B26/00 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G02B1/06 ,  G02B5/23 ,  C09B67/46

    CPC分类号： G02B26/005 ,  C09B67/0084 ,  C09B67/009

    摘要： Colored fluids for electrowetting, electro fluidic, or electrophoretic devices, and the devices themselves, are disclosed. The colored fluid can include a nonaqueous polar solvent having (a) a dynamic viscosity of 0.1 cP to 50 cP at 250 C, (b) a surface tension of 25 dynes/cm to 55 dynes/cm at 250 C, and (c) an electrowetting relative response of 40% to 80%. Such colored fluids further include a colorant selected from a pigment and/or a dye. In another embodiment, the colored fluid can include a non-polar solvent and an organic colorant selected from a pigment and/or a dye. Such colored fluids can be black in color and have a conductivity from 0 pS/cm to 5 pS/cm and a dielectric constant less than 3. The use of the colored fluids offers improvements in reliability, higher levels of chroma in the dispersed state, and the ability to achieve higher contrast ratios in display technologies.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于电润湿，电流体或电泳装置的彩色液体和装置本身。 有色流体可以包括非水极性溶剂，其具有（a）在250℃时的动态粘度为0.1cP至50cP，（b）在250℃下的25达因/厘米至55达因/厘米的表面张力，和（c） 电润湿相对响应为40％至80％。 这种有色液体还包括选自颜料和/或染料的着色剂。 在另一个实施方案中，着色流体可以包括非极性溶剂和选自颜料和/或染料的有机着色剂。 这种有色流体可以是黑色的，并且具有0pS / cm至5pS / cm的电导率和小于3的介电常数。使用有色流体可提供可靠性的提高，分散状态下色度的提高， 以及在显示技术中实现更高对比度的能力。

    Colored fluids for electrowetting, electrofluidic, and electrophoretic technologies
    4.
    发明授权
    Colored fluids for electrowetting, electrofluidic, and electrophoretic technologies 有权
    彩色液体用于电润湿，电流和电泳技术

    公开(公告)号：US08717663B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-05-06

    申请号：US13202457

    申请日：2010-03-15

    申请人： Jason C. Heikenfeld ,  Russell Schwartz ,  Lisa Clapp ,  April Milarcik ,  Stanislav G. Vilner

    发明人： Jason C. Heikenfeld ,  Russell Schwartz ,  Lisa Clapp ,  April Milarcik ,  Stanislav G. Vilner

    IPC分类号： G02B26/00 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G02B1/06 ,  G02B5/23

    CPC分类号： G02B26/005 ,  C09B67/0084 ,  C09B67/009

    摘要： Colored fluids for electrowetting, electro fluidic, or electrophoretic devices, and the devices themselves, are disclosed. The colored fluid can include a nonaqueous polar solvent having (a) a dynamic viscosity of 0.1 cP to 50 cP at 250 C, (b) a surface tension of 25 dynes/cm to 55 dynes/cm at 250 C, and (c) an electrowetting relative response of 40% to 80%. Such colored fluids further include a colorant selected from a pigment and/or a dye. In another embodiment, the colored fluid can include a non-polar solvent and an organic colorant selected from a pigment and/or a dye. Such colored fluids can be black in color and have a conductivity from 0 pS/cm to 5 pS/cm and a dielectric constant less than 3. The use of the colored fluids offers improvements in reliability, higher levels of chroma in the dispersed state, and the ability to achieve higher contrast ratios in display technologies.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于电润湿，电流体或电泳装置的彩色液体和装置本身。 有色流体可以包括非水极性溶剂，其具有（a）在250℃时的动态粘度为0.1cP至50cP，（b）在250℃下的25达因/厘米至55达因/厘米的表面张力，和（c） 电润湿相对响应为40％至80％。 这种有色液体还包括选自颜料和/或染料的着色剂。 在另一个实施方案中，着色流体可以包括非极性溶剂和选自颜料和/或染料的有机着色剂。 这种有色流体可以是黑色的，并且具有0pS / cm至5pS / cm的电导率和小于3的介电常数。使用有色流体可提供可靠性的提高，分散状态下色度的提高， 以及在显示技术中实现更高对比度的能力。

    Colorants for metalorganic compounds and their application in electronic display technology
    5.
    发明授权
    Colorants for metalorganic compounds and their application in electronic display technology 有权
    金属有机化合物的着色剂及其在电子显示技术中的应用

    公开(公告)号：US09234101B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-01-12

    申请号：US13992075

    申请日：2011-12-16

    申请人： Stanislav G. Vilner ,  Lisa Clapp ,  Russell Schwartz

    发明人： Stanislav G. Vilner ,  Lisa Clapp ,  Russell Schwartz

    IPC分类号： C09B67/44 ,  G02B3/14 ,  G02B26/00

    CPC分类号： C09B67/0083 ,  G02B3/14 ,  G02B26/005

    摘要： Colored metalorganic fluids for electrowetting, electrofluidic, and electrophoretic devices are disclosed. The colored fluid can include a polar or nonpolar solvent including silicon and/or germanium and a modified, oligomeric, or polymeric dye. The dye includes a chromophore attached to a low molecular weight group with molecular weight 10 to 800 or an oligomeric or polymeric chain, which includes silicon and/or germanium. The dye has a molecular weight from 100 to 100,000, solubility in the solvent of at least 5% wt at 25° C., and a dynamic viscosity from 0.5 cPs to 2,000 cPs at 25° C. If the solvent is polar, the fluid has a conductivity from about 0.01 pS/cm to 3000 pS/cm, a surface tension of 15 dynes/cm to 90 dynes/cm at 25° C., and a total content of monatomic ions with radii smaller than 2.0 A and polyatomic ions with radii smaller than 1.45 A less than 500 ppm.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于电润湿，电流和电泳装置的彩色金属有机流体。 着色流体可以包括极性或非极性溶剂，包括硅和/或锗以及改性的低聚物或聚合物染料。 染料包括连接到分子量为10至800的低分子量基团的发色团或包含硅和/或锗的低聚物或聚合物链。 该染料的分子量为100至100,000，在25℃下在溶剂中的溶解度至少为5重量％，在25℃下的动态粘度为0.5cPs至2,000cPs。如果溶剂是极性的，则流体 具有约0.01pS / cm至3000pS / cm的导电率，25℃下的15达因/厘米至90达因/厘米的表面张力，以及半径小于2.0A的单原子离子的总含量和多原子离子 半径小于1.45 A，小于500 ppm。

    I-beam hinge apparatus for displaying procedural information cards in the workplace
    8.
    发明申请
    I-beam hinge apparatus for displaying procedural information cards in the workplace 有权
    用于在工作场所显示程序信息卡的工字钢铰链装置

    公开(公告)号：US20050160643A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-07-28

    申请号：US11042484

    申请日：2005-01-24

    申请人： Russell Schwartz

    发明人： Russell Schwartz

    IPC分类号： G09F11/02

    CPC分类号： G09F11/02

    摘要： An apparatus for displaying procedural information cards on a computer video monitor includes a central shaft having an upper end and a lower end, the upper end capped by an upper cross member having an upper planar arm extending in one direction from the shaft, and an upper arcuate arm extending the opposite direction. The lower end is terminated by a lower cross member having a lower planar arm and a lower arcuate arm. The apparatus includes means for affixing the apparatus to a surface on a computer video monitor. The arcuate arms of the apparatus extend outwardly from the monitor to facilitate installation and flipping of the cards. Each of the arcuate arms comprises a generally semi-circular ring, and means for preventing inadvertent removal of the cards from the arcuate arms.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于在计算机视频监视器上显示程序信息卡的装置包括具有上端和下端的中心轴，上端由上横向构件封盖，上横向构件具有从轴向一个方向延伸的上平面臂， 弓形臂向相反方向延伸。 下端由具有下平面臂和下弓形臂的下横向构件终止。 该装置包括用于将该装置固定到计算机视频监视器上的表面的装置。 设备的弓形臂从监视器向外延伸以便于卡的安装和翻转。 每个弓形臂包括大致半圆形的环，以及用于防止卡从弓形臂无意中移除的装置。

    Colored fluids for electrowetting, electrofluidic, and electrophoretic technologies
    9.
    发明授权
    Colored fluids for electrowetting, electrofluidic, and electrophoretic technologies 有权
    彩色液体用于电润湿，电流和电泳技术

    公开(公告)号：US08520286B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-08-27

    申请号：US13516995

    申请日：2010-12-20

    申请人： Lisa Clapp ,  Russell Schwartz ,  Stan Vilner

    发明人： Lisa Clapp ,  Russell Schwartz ,  Stan Vilner

    IPC分类号： G02F1/153 ,  G02B26/00 ,  G02B5/23

    CPC分类号： G02F1/167 ,  C09B69/10 ,  C09B69/102 ,  C09B69/106 ,  C09B69/108 ,  C09B69/109 ,  G02B26/005 ,  G02F1/172 ,  G02F2001/1678

    摘要： Colored fluids for electrowetting, electrofluidic, and electrophoretic chromatophore devices are disclosed. In one embodiment, the colored fluid includes at least one solvent and at least one oligomeric and/or polymeric dye in the solvent. The oligomeric dye has at least one chromophore attached to one or more oligomeric chains, and the polymeric dye has at least one chromophore attached to one or more oligomeric and/or polymeric chains. The dye also has a molecular weight from 400 to 100,000, solubility in the solvent of at least 5% wt at 25° C., and a dynamic viscosity from 0.5 cPs to 2,000 cPs at 25° C. The solvent may be polar or non-polar each having specific properties defined.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于电润湿，电流和电泳染色体装置的彩色液体。 在一个实施方案中，有色流体在溶剂中包含至少一种溶剂和至少一种低聚和/或聚合染料。 寡聚染料具有至少一个与一个或多个低聚链连接的发色团，并且聚合染料具有至少一个与一个或多个低聚和/或聚合链连接的发色团。 该染料还具有400至100,000的分子量，在25℃下在溶剂中的溶解度至少为5重量％，在25℃下的动态粘度为0.5cPs至2,000cPs。溶剂可为极性或非极性 每个具有定义的特定性质。