摘要:
A control system operates with a PWM speed regulation of a sensorless BLDC motor with a plurality of windings. A hybrid method is present in the invention utilizing BEMF induced in stator windings to indicate the commutation instant and a falling edge detection method to override PWM chopping and commutation noises. The present invention achieves reliable sensorless rotor position detection with relative concise and low cost circuit as well as little software expense. The control device of the present invention includes a comparator for generating the BEMF zero crossing points (ZCP), and means for deriving rotor position information by detecting the falling edge (or rising edge for low-side chopping case) of the generated ZCPs.
摘要:
The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for detecting a current direction in a PWM converter or an inverter having one or more upper and lower arms, each of which consists of a switching device with an anti-parallel diode. The voltage across the switching device presents a different value and a polarity that depend on the direction of the current flowing through the switching device, wherein the current direction is acquired by sampling this voltage in the period of the trigger signal being on. In a case of small current, this sampled voltage value is relatively large to the flowing current magnitude and is easy to be distinguished. Furthermore, this invention presents a method for obtaining the phase angle between the load current and the output voltage, and judging whether the output current is zero or includes DC component. As a result, this method presents high precision.
摘要:
The invention relates to the compensation of dead time effect in electronic appliances such as inverters or converters having one or more legs with two complementary switches. The invented method mainly includes following steps providing an initial pulse width modulated (PWM) reference, providing a bias current and detecting the bias current crossing points, providing a dead time compensation signal which is adjusted responsive to the crossing points, and adding the dead time compensation signal to the PWM reference. Hence an adaptive compensation is accomplished independent of types of switching elements and load conditions. A high reliable circuit with low cost is further included as a preferred embodiment of bias current crossing points detection.
摘要:
A receiver architecture is described for phase noise compensation in the presence of inter-channel interference (ICI) and inter-symbol interference (ISI), particularly for time-frequency packing (TFP) transmissions. The receiver includes a coarse phase noise (PN) estimator, a PN compensation module, an ICI cancellation module, an ISI compensation module, a FEC decoder, and an iterative PN estimator. The iterative PN estimator receives log likelihood ratio (LLR) information from the decoder and provides an iterative PN estimation to the PN compensation module. The decoder also provides LLR to the ISI compensation module, and to at least one other receiver for another subchannel that is immediately adjacent in frequency. The ICI cancellation module receives decoder output from at least one adjacent subchannel, which the ICI cancellation module uses to provide a ICI-cancelled signal.
摘要:
The present invention is a method and apparatus for resource allocation signaling for grouping user real time services. Uplink signaling for voice activity reporting of each user's transition between an active state and an inactive voice state is sent from a wireless transmit/receive unit to a Node B. Radio resource allocation to users of a wireless communication system varies based on user measurement reporting, a pre-determined pattern such as frequency hopping, or a pseudorandom function. Grouping methods are adjusted to better utilize the voice activity factor, so that statistical multiplexing can be used to more efficiently utilize physical resources.
摘要:
A unified Internet integration system for a positioning-oriented architecture (POA) comprises a controllable icon positioning information management service (CIPIMS) server; an icon positioning object information bus; at least one icon positioning resource object; at least one network application; at least one network; wherein the POA further comprises at least one unique icon positioning identification number, at least one icon positioning resource, at least one icon positioning resource space management, at least one icon positioning resource management, at least one icon positioning external resource links with Internet protocol address, and at least one icon positioning resource status management; and the method thereof.
摘要:
Now in this busy world, users heavily rely on the internet to browse over the internet map such as Google map, Mapquest map, Baidu map, QQmap, Gaode map, Soho map etc to find and identify the targets users interested through different markers, the Markers on internet maps are first windows or first doors to enter into internet world to get contact with business entities or business service providers,But so far there is no theory, no system, no way and no approach to differentiate these numerous different kinds of markers or to provide a solution to let users manipulate and control the various markers on the internet map to classify and clarify numerous markers displayed on the internet map after searching, especially in business bustling areas in the metropolis such as New York, London, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Singapore, Shanghai and Beijing etc. Furthermore, there are a lot of markers that have same latitude/same longitude and all markers overlapped each other and user cannot differentiate each others, for example, in one building with same latitude/same longitude on Google map, there are 10 different companies which each of them occupies a different room with different number or suite number in this building, all maps cannot distinguish each of these 10 companies, and on Google map, we can only see ONE marker which is appeared in last, If users want to know details of each company's information, no way.So the necessity and feasibility of classification and recognition of all these overlapped markers come to the stage and become possible.Our invention is to propose an approach and a methodology to solve these kind of issues, further more, we propose a theory to let user manipulate the markers on the internet map with some rules to follow.Our invention is generic and can be used in any internet map on both PC browsers (such as internet explorer, firefox etc) and smartphone for any internet maps such as Google MAp, Baidu Map, Gaode Map, QQ Map and Soho Map etc.Our invention is designed in Android system but can be applicable for Apple IOs system also.Our Android App successfully implements these methodology and concepts, we deployed and tested our Android app in all android smart phone successfully already.Our invention can let users do followings:1. Classify different kinds of markers on the internet map2. Manipulate all different kinds of markers on the internet map3. Manipulation Operations include:[1]. Add markers onto the internet map[2]. Remove markers from the internet map[3]. Distinguish all different markers on the internet map without any confusion[4]. Perform all these operation from any markers on the internet mapOur solution and methodology can let users pinpoint to the main targeted markers without diluting their focus and distracted from concerned target by other trivia, unimportant and unrelated markers, users can concentrate on specific area, special marker group, specific markers without any confusion and distraction by just simple operation invented here, so our invention provides a clear, concise and clean internet map instead of messed up ones.From now on we just use Lat or lat stands for Latitude and Lng or Ing stands for Longitude, ieLat/lat=Latitude;Lng/Ing=Longitude.We also use all markers for all icons/markers, we use maps for all internet maps .We will disclose our invention as follows step by step.