摘要:
The use of benzo and/or tolyltriazole alone or in combination with neutralizing and filming amines to reduce copper corrosion in boiler condensate systems by feeding the mixture into the main steamheaders.
摘要:
Removal of chromate ions from water containing a large amount of total dissolved solids by contacting the water with an acidified weakly basic anion exchange resin, preferably in .[.microporous.]. .Iadd.macroporous .Iaddend.form, to selectively remove chromates from the water.
摘要:
A cleaner-inhibitor and method of incorporating same into an automotive or diesel coolant system consisting of 2-4 fluid ounces per gallon of a cleaner whose basic components are:A. an aminopolycarboxylic acidB. an .alpha. hydroxy acid such as gluconic, tartaric, or citricC. an azole copper protector such as mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and a monoaryl triazole such as benzotriazole or tolyltriazoleWherein the ratio of A:B:C is about 3:1:1 to 2:1:1.A, b, and C above constitute a Deposit Release Agent in the cleaner.The cleaner above is combined with an inhibitor which is a multi-component inhibiting composition of the boron-nitrite type containing an alkali metal silicate and which may include a copper inhibitor and a polymeric dispersant, which is a water-soluble carboxylic acid polymer such as styrene maleic anhydride copolymer, a polyacrylate or methacrylate copolymer or carboxymethyl cellulose.The cleaner-inhibitor is adjusted with caustic to give a pH in the range 7.5-12.6 and preferably 7.5-10.6 either by premix or directly to the coolant system.An aqueous concentrate is preferred for both the cleaner portion and the inhibitor portion. In an aqueous concentrate of the cleaner the amount of Deposit Release Agent varies from about 85-15%, with a more preferred range being an aqueous concentrate which contains from 50-15% by weight of the Deposit Release Agent. In the inhibitor portion the aqueous concentrate contains 75-85% water and the balance active ingredients.The cleaner is used in a dosage of about 4 ounces per gallon of coolant fluid and is combined with about 4 ounces per gallon of the multi-component corrosion inhibitor utilized above. In some instances under favorable conditions, the amount of the cleaner and inhibitor portions of the cleaner-inhibitor composition may each be reduced to 2 ounces per gallon of coolant.
摘要:
Described are processes for improving and maintaining the performance of particulate and othe types of water-treatment solids, especially particulate ion exchange resins, filter media, and adsorbents which have become fouled with organic contaminants, micro-organisms, and wasteproducts thereof.
摘要:
A cleaner to be used preferably in conjunction with conventional glycol-type collants in automotive cooling systems and methods of using same. The present cleaners may be referred to as extended-life cleaners which may be added to the glycol coolant and are co-extensive with the life of said glycol. These cleaners operate to dissolve deposits, minimize corrosion damage, and dissolve organic degradation products, all of which cause heat transfer difficulties. The basic cleaner comprises:A. an aminopolycarboxylic acidB. an .alpha. hydroxy acid such as gluconic, tartaric, or citricC. an azole copper protector such as mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and a monoaryl triazole such as benzotriazole or tolyltriazoleWherein the above components are combined in a weight ratio ranging from 3:1:1 to 2:1:1.An aqueous concentrate is preferred and in such a concentrate the amount of Deposit Release Agent varies from about 85-15% with a more preferred range being an aqueous concentrate which contains from 50-15% by weight of the Deposit Release Agent. The balance of such concentrate is, of course, water, preferably soft water. The aqueous concentrates above are adjusted with the water-soluble basic material to give a pH of about 7.5-12.6 with a preferred pH 7.5-10.6.In addition to the Deposit Release Agent noted above, the following components are necessary in some of the cleaner formulations of this invention.1. In order to emulsify in water, an oil-in-water emulsifying agent is utilized, such as Triton CF 10 (Rohm and Haas), an ethoxylated nonylphenol with an average of 9 EtO.2. a reducing agent to reduce iron from Fe.sup.+.sup.+.sup.+ to Fe.sup.+.sup.+ is also present and a preferred reducing agent is thioglycolic acid or one of its soluble alkali metal salts.3. Also present in some of the cleaner compositions is a polymeric dispersant which may be a water-soluble carboxylic acid polymer, a vinyl addition polymer, or carboxymethyl cellulose. A preferred polymer is the copolymer of styrene maleic anhydride and these polymers have a molecular weight of 1,000 to 1,000,000 and preferably 100,000 or less.4. As a brightener or film former for solder an aminoalkanol is utilized preferably diethylaminoethanol.Additionally, a minor quantity of antifoams and dyes may be used in an optional manner as indicated.