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公开(公告)号：US5226076A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-06
申请号：US486444
申请日：1993-02-28
摘要： A directional microphone assembly is constructed from a first-order-gradient microphone element enclosed within a housing, molded from an acoustically-opaque, resilient material such as Ethylene-Propylene-Diene-Monomer. The microphone element includes a diaphragm which moves under the influence of sound pressures applied on its opposite surfaces to generate an electrical signal which is proportional to the differential sound pressure. The housing includes a first acoustically-transparent channel for communicating sound pressure from a first opening in the housing to one surface of the diaphragm, and a second acoustically-transparent channel for communicating sound pressure from a second opening in the housing to the other surface of the diaphragm. The housing supports the microphone element and forms a continuous seal around its perimeter so that sound pressure in one channel does not leak into the other. The distance between the openings is relatively large in order to improve the sensitivity and directivity of the microphone. Moreover, the directional microphone assembly is configured to be embedded within, or behind, an exterior surface of sound-input equipment with the openings of the housing located along the exterior surface. The resilient housing structure forms a seal with the sound-input equipment surface.
摘要翻译： 定向麦克风组件由封闭在壳体内的一级梯度麦克风元件构成，由声学不透明的弹性材料（例如乙烯 - 丙烯 - 二烯 - 单体）模制而成。 麦克风元件包括隔膜，其在施加在其相对表面上的声压的影响下移动，以产生与差分声压成比例的电信号。 壳体包括用于将声压从壳体中的第一开口传递到膜片的一个表面的第一声透明通道，以及用于将声压从壳体中的第二开口传递到另一表面的第二声透明通道 隔膜。 壳体支撑麦克风元件并围绕其周边形成连续的密封，使得一个通道中的声压不会泄漏到另一个通道中。 为了提高麦克风的灵敏度和方向性，开口之间的距离相对较大。 此外，定向麦克风组件被配置为嵌入声音输入设备的外表面内或之后，其中壳体的开口沿着外表面定位。 弹性壳体结构与声音输入设备表面形成密封。
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2.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06404872B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-11
申请号：US08937947
申请日：1997-09-25
IPC分类号： H04M164
摘要： A network that establishes a telephone call between a calling party and a called party and alters speech signals generated by the calling party during the telephone call. The network includes a network node that is coupled to the transmit channel of the calling party and the receive channel of the called party. The network node is programmed to receive a request to establish the telephone call from the calling party and receive a selection of a speech signal alteration from the calling party. The network node initiates the telephone call to the called party. Further, the network node alters the speech signal of the calling party based on the speech signal alteration selection.
摘要翻译： 一个在呼叫方和被叫方之间建立电话呼叫并改变主叫方在电话呼叫期间产生的语音信号的网络。 网络包括耦合到呼叫方的发送信道和被叫方的接收信道的网络节点。 网络节点被编程为接收来自主叫方建立电话呼叫的请求，并接收来自主叫方的语音信号改变的选择。 网络节点发起对被叫方的电话呼叫。 此外，网络节点基于语音信号改变选择来改变主叫方的语音信号。
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06327657B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-04
申请号：US09074223
申请日：1998-05-07
IPC分类号： H01L900
CPC分类号： G11B20/00891 , G10L19/00 , G10L19/018 , G11B20/00086
摘要： The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for placing a message in digital data. The message is placed by manipulating certain data bits in a way that does not severely corrupt the data. The data can be mu-law encoded, wherein a value of 1 is assigned to one representation of zero, and a value of 0 is assigned to the other representation of zero. In this case, a message is placed in the data using these assigned values of 1 and 0.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于将消息放置在数字数据中的方法和装置。 通过以不严重损坏数据的方式操纵某些数据位来放置该消息。 数据可以是mu-law编码的，其中值1被分配给零的一个表示，并且将值0分配给零的另一个表示。 在这种情况下，使用这些分配的值1和0将消息放置在数据中。
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4.再颁专利Selective noise/channel/coding models and recognizers for automatic speech recognition 有权选择性噪声/信道/编码模型和自动语音识别识别器公开(公告)号：USRE45289E1
公开(公告)日：2014-12-09
申请号：US09978250
申请日：2001-10-17
CPC分类号： G10L15/20
摘要： An apparatus and method for the robust recognition of speech during a call in a noisy environment is presented. Specific background noise models are created to model various background noises which may interfere in the error free recognition of speech. These background noise models are then used to determine which noise characteristics a particular call has. Once a determination has been made of the background noise in any given call, speech recognition is carried out using the appropriate background noise model.
摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于在嘈杂环境中的呼叫期间鲁棒识别语音的装置和方法。 创建特定的背景噪声模型来模拟可能干扰语音的无错误识别的各种背景噪声。 然后使用这些背景噪声模型来确定特定呼叫的哪个噪声特性。 一旦确定了任何给定呼叫中的背景噪声，则使用适当的背景噪声模型进行语音识别。
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5.发明授权Selective noise/channel/coding models and recognizers for automatic speech recognition 失效选择性噪声/信道/编码模型和自动语音识别识别器
公开(公告)号：US5970446A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-19
申请号：US978527
申请日：1997-11-25
CPC分类号： G10L15/20
摘要： An apparatus and method for the robust recognition of speech during a call in a noisy environment is presented. Specific background noise models are created to model various background noises which may interfere in the error free recognition of speech. These background noise models are then used to determine which noise characteristics a particular call has. Once a determination has been made of the background noise in any given call, speech recognition is carried out using the appropriate background noise model.
摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于在嘈杂环境中的呼叫期间鲁棒识别语音的装置和方法。 创建特定的背景噪声模型来模拟可能干扰语音的无错误识别的各种背景噪声。 然后使用这些背景噪声模型来确定特定呼叫的哪个噪声特性。 一旦确定了任何给定呼叫中的背景噪声，则使用适当的背景噪声模型进行语音识别。
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6.发明授权Method of accommodating for carbon/electret telephone set variability in automatic speaker verification 失效在自动扬声器验证中适应碳/驻极体电话机的可变性的方法
公开(公告)号：US5528731A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-18
申请号：US155973
申请日：1993-11-19
CPC分类号： G10L17/20
摘要： In a speaker verification system, a method of compensating for differences in speech samples obtained during registration and those obtained during verification due to the use of different types of microphones is provided by filtering at least one of the samples such that the similarities of the two samples are increased. The filtered sample is used within the speaker verification matching process. A two-way comparison is disclosed in which both a verification speech sample and a reference sample are filtered with nonlinear microphone characteristics such as carbon microphone characteristics. A four-way comparison is also disclosed in which patterns produced from unfiltered verification and reference samples and patterns produced from the filtered verification and reference samples are compared to identify a match. A score is determined for each comparison. The comparison having the best score is used to determine if a match has occurred.
摘要翻译： 在说话者验证系统中，通过对至少一个样本进行滤波，以提供两个样本的相似性来提供补偿在注册期间获得的语音样本中的差异以及由于使用不同类型的麦克风而在验证期间获得的差异的方法 增加了。 滤波后的样本在讲话者验证匹配过程中使用。 公开了一种双向比较，其中验证语音样本和参考样本都用诸如碳麦克风特性的非线性麦克风特征来滤波。 还公开了四路比较，其中比较从经过过滤的验证和参考样品产生的未过滤的验证和参考样品和图案产生的图案以识别匹配。 每个比较确定得分。 具有最佳分数的比较用于确定是否发生了匹配。
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7.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06226360B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-01
申请号：US09081744
申请日：1998-05-19
IPC分类号： H04M164
CPC分类号： H04M1/274575 , H04M3/2218 , H04M3/46 , H04M3/53375 , H04M2203/2016 , H04M2203/2027
摘要： A system and method for delivering automated pre-recorded messages to intended recipients is disclosed. An automated call controller places phone calls to intended recipients and plays a pre-recorded message for the recipient after the call is answered. The automated call controller accesses phone numbers for intended recipients from a database and automatically dials the accessed phone numbers. The automated call controller monitors parameters associated with the telephone call. A message delivery decision model analyzes these monitored parameters, and any other parameters input to the decision model, and, based on the analysis of the parameters, optimizes the delivery of the pre-recorded message by the call controller. Results from the completed phone call are stored in the database and are utilized by the decision model to optimize the completion of future phone calls to that particular phone number.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于将预先记录的自动消息传递给预期接收者的系统和方法。 自动呼叫控制器将电话拨打到预期的收件人，并在应答呼叫之后为收件人播放预先录制的消息。 自动呼叫控制器从数据库中访问预期收件人的电话号码，并自动拨打所访问的电话号码。 自动呼叫控制器监视与电话呼叫相关联的参数。 消息传递决策模型分析这些监视的参数以及输入到决策模型的任何其他参数，并且基于参数的分析，优化呼叫控制器对预先记录的消息的传递。 来自完成的电话呼叫的结果存储在数据库中，并被决策模型所利用，以优化将来对该特定电话号码的呼叫的完成。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6125175A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-26
申请号：US933495
申请日：1997-09-18
CPC分类号： H04M3/487 , H04M2203/352 , H04M3/56 , H04M3/568
摘要： A system inserts one or more background sounds in a telephone call between a calling party and a called party. The system includes a network node coupled to a first telephone used by the calling party and a second telephone used by the called party. The network node is further coupled to an audio source. One or more background sounds are stored on the audio source. The calling party dials into the network node. The network node presents a menu of background sounds to the calling party who selects at least one background sound. The calling party then enters the phone number of the called party. The network node initiates the telephone call to the called party over a first telephone channel, and then inserts the selected background sound retrieved from the audio source onto the telephone channel. If a multi-party call is requested by the calling party, the calling party can select different background sounds that are inserted by the network node onto the telephone channel for each called party.
摘要翻译： 系统在呼叫方和被叫方之间的电话呼叫中插入一个或多个背景声音。 该系统包括耦合到由呼叫方使用的第一电话的网络节点和被叫方使用的第二电话。 网络节点进一步耦合到音频源。 一个或多个背景声音存储在音频源上。 主叫方拨入网络节点。 网络节点向选择至少一个背景声音的主叫方呈现背景声音的菜单。 主叫方然后输入被叫方的电话号码。 网络节点通过第一电话信道发起对被叫方的电话呼叫，然后将从音频源检索的所选择的背景声音插入到电话信道上。 如果主叫方请求多方呼叫，主叫方可以将网络节点插入的不同背景声音选择到每个被叫方的电话频道上。
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9.发明授权System and method of recognizing letters and numbers by either speech or touch tone recognition utilizing constrained confusion matrices 失效通过使用约束混淆矩阵的语音或触摸音识别识别字母和数字的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US6061654A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-09
申请号：US771356
申请日：1996-12-16
CPC分类号： G10L15/197
摘要： A method and apparatus for recognizing an identifier entered by a user. A caller enters a predetermined identifier through a telephone handset. A signal representing the entered identifier is transmitted to a remote recognizer, which responds to the signal by producing a recognized output intended to match the entered identifier. The present invention compares this recognized identifier with a list of valid reference identifiers to determine which one of these reference identifiers most likely matches the entered identifier. In performing this determination, the present invention employs a confusion matrix, which is an arrangement of probabilities that indicate the likelihood that a given character in a particular character position of the reference identifier would be recognized by the recognizer as a character in the corresponding character position of the recognized identifier. This determination yields an identifier recognition probability for every reference identifier, and the present invention selects the reference identifier with the highest identifier recognition probability as most likely corresponding to the spoken identifier. The invention is also provided with the capability of improving the recognition accuracy of the confusion matrix by eliminating from consideration the most often confused characters.
摘要翻译： 一种用于识别由用户输入的标识符的方法和装置。 呼叫者通过电话手机输入预定的标识符。 表示输入的标识符的信号被发送到远程识别器，远程识别器通过产生旨在匹配输入的标识符的识别的输出来响应信号。 本发明将该识别的标识符与有效参考标识符的列表进行比较，以确定这些参考标识符中的哪一个最可能与输入的标识符匹配。 在执行该确定时，本发明采用混淆矩阵，其是概率排列，其指示参考标识符的特定字符位置中的给定字符将被识别器识别为对应字符位置中的字符的可能性 的识别标识符。 该确定对于每个参考标识符产生标识符识别概率，并且本发明选择具有最高标识符识别概率的参考标识符，其最可能对应于语音标识符。 本发明还具有通过消除考虑最常见的混淆字符来提高混淆矩阵的识别精度的能力。
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