摘要:
A process and apparatus are disclosed for conversion of β-hydroxy carbonyl compounds forming useful conversion products including, e.g., acrylic acid [CAS No. 79-10-7], acrylates, and acrylamide [CAS No. 79-06-01]. Conversion products find use, e.g., as feedstock and/or end-use chemicals.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for conversion of ammonium salts of β-hydroxy carbonyl compounds forming useful conversion products including, e.g., α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and/or ammonium salts of α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds recovered at a high molar yield. Conversion products find use, e.g., as feedstock and/or end-use chemicals.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for conversion of salts of β-hydroxy carbonyl compounds forming useful conversion products including, e.g., α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and/or salts of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. Conversion products find use, e.g., as feedstock and/or end-use chemicals.
摘要:
A method of reducing hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) where a starting material containing HMF in a solvent comprising water is provided. H2 is provided into the reactor and the starting material is contacted with a catalyst containing at least one metal selected from Ni, Co, Cu, Pd, Pt, Ru, Ir, Re and Rh, at a temperature of less than or equal to 250° C. A method of hydrogenating HMF includes providing an aqueous solution containing HMF and fructose. H2 and a hydrogenation catalyst are provided. The HMF is selectively hydrogenated relative to the fructose at a temperature at or above 30° C. A method of producing tetrahydrofuran dimethanol (THFDM) includes providing a continuous flow reactor having first and second catalysts and providing a feed comprising HMF into the reactor. The feed is contacted with the first catalyst to produce furan dimethanol (FDM) which is contacted with the second catalyst to produce THFDM.
摘要翻译:提供一种还原羟甲基糠醛(HMF)的方法,其中含有HMF的原料在包含水的溶剂中。 H 2被提供到反应器中,起始材料与含有至少一种选自Ni,Co,Cu,Pd,Pt,Ru,Ir,Re和Rh的金属的催化剂接触, 温度小于或等于250℃。氢化HMF的方法包括提供含有HMF和果糖的水溶液。 H 2 H 2和氢化催化剂。 HMF在等于或高于30℃的温度下相对于果糖选择性地氢化。制备四氢呋喃二甲醇(THFDM)的方法包括提供具有第一和第二催化剂的连续流动反应器,并向反应器中提供包含HMF的进料。 进料与第一催化剂接触以产生与第二催化剂接触以产生THFDM的呋喃二甲醇(FDM)。
摘要:
The invention includes methods of processing an initial di-carbonyl compound by conversion to a cyclic compound. The cyclic compound is reacted with an alkylating agent to form a derivative having an alkylated ring nitrogen. The invention encompasses a method of producing an N-alkyl product. Ammonia content of a solution is adjusted to produce a ratio of ammonia to di-carboxylate compound of from about 1:1 to about 1.5:1. An alkylating agent is added and the initial compound is alkylated and cyclized. The invention includes methods of making N-methyl pyrrolidinone (NMP). Aqueous ammonia and succinate is introduced into a vessel and ammonia is adjusted to provide a ratio of ammonia to succinate of less than 2:1. A methylating agent is reacted with succinate at a temperature of from greater than 100° C. to about 400° C. to produce N-methyl succinimide which is purified and hydrogenated to form NMP.
摘要:
The invention includes a method of dehydration of a sugar using a dehydration catalyst and a co-catalyst within a reactor. A sugar is introduced and H2 is flowed through the reactor at a pressure of less than or equal to about 300 psig to convert at least some of the sugar into an anhydrosugar product. The invention includes a process for producing isosorbide. A starting material comprising sorbitol is flowed into a reactor. H2 is counter flowed through the reactor. The starting material is exposed to a catalyst in the presence of a co-catalyst which comprises at least one metal. The exposing is conducted at a hydrogen pressure of less than or equal to 300 psig within the reactor and the hydrogen removes at least some of any water present during the exposing and inhibits formation of colored byproducts.
摘要翻译:本发明包括使用反应器内的脱水催化剂和助催化剂使糖脱水的方法。 引入糖,并且H 2 O 2以小于或等于约300psig的压力流过反应器,以将至少一些糖转化为脱水糖产物。 本发明包括制备异山梨醇的方法。 将含有山梨醇的原料流入反应器。 H 2反向流过反应器。 在包含至少一种金属的助催化剂的存在下,将原料暴露于催化剂。 暴露在反应器内在小于或等于300psig的氢气压力下进行,并且氢去除暴露期间存在的任何水中的至少一些,并且抑制着色副产物的形成。
摘要:
A novel bis-chelating composition characterized by formula I: wherein M is a Group VB element; RI and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbyl radicals; or R1 and R2 are bonded together to form a diradical; or one of RI or R2 is hydrogen or a monovalent hydrocarbyl radical, while the other of R1 or R2 is a hydrocarbyl radical bonded to an atom in Ar; wherein Ar is selected from 1,2-arylenes; Q is selected from 1,2-arylenes, 2,2′-bisarylenes and alkyl diradicals; and W is selected from II, III, IV, or V: wherein M is as defined hereinbefore; each R is independently selected from hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbyl radicals; X is selected from alkyl and aryl diradicals; Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently selected from 1,2-arylenes; Ar3 and Ar4 are each independently selected from monovalent aryl radicals; and n in formula IV is 0 or 1. The composition finds utility as a ligand in catalysts for carbonylation processes.
摘要翻译:特征在于式I的新型双螯合组合物:其中M是VB族元素; R 1和R 2各自独立地选自氢和一价烃基; 或者R 1和R 2结合在一起形成双基; 或R 1或R 2中的一个为氢或一价烃基,而R 1或R 2中的另一个为与Ar中的原子键合的烃基; 其中Ar选自1,2-亚芳基; Q选自1,2-亚芳基,2,2'-双芳烯和烷基双基; W选自II,III,IV或V:其中M如上所定义; 每个R独立地选自氢和一价烃基; X选自烷基和芳基双基; Ar 1和Ar 2各自独立地选自1,2-亚芳基; Ar 3和Ar 4各自独立地选自单价芳基; 式IV中的n为0或1.该组合物用作羰基化反应催化剂中的配体
摘要:
The invention includes a method of treating a solid acid catalyst. After exposing the catalyst to a mixture containing a sugar alcohol, the catalyst is washed with an organic solvent and is then exposed to a second reaction mixture. The invention includes a process for production of anhydrosugar alcohol. A solid acid catalyst is provided to convert sugar alcohol in a first sample to an anhydrosugar alcohol. The catalyst is then washed with an organic solvent and is subsequently utilized to expose a second sample. The invention includes a method for selective production of an anhydrosugar. A solid acid catalyst is provided within a reactor and anhydrosugar alcohol is formed by flowing a starting sugar alcohol into the reactor. The acid catalyst is then exposed to an organic solvent which allows a greater amount of additional anhydrosugar to be produced than would occur without exposing the acid catalyst to the organic solvent.
摘要:
The invention includes methods of producing dianhydrosugars. A polyol is reacted in the presence of a first catalyst to form a monocyclic sugar. The monocyclic sugar is transferred to a second reactor where it is converted to a dianhydrosugar alcohol in the presence of a second catalyst. The invention includes a process of forming isosorbide. An initial reaction is conducted at a first temperature in the presence of a solid acid catalyst. The initial reaction involves reacting sorbitol to produce 1,4-sorbitan, 3,6-sorbitan, 2,5-mannitan and 2,5-iditan. Utilizing a second temperature, the 1,4-sorbitan and 3,6-sorbitan are converted to isosorbide. The invention includes a method of purifying isosorbide from a mixture containing isosorbide and at least one additional component. A first distillation removes a first portion of the isosorbide from the mixture. A second distillation is then conducted at a higher temperature to remove a second portion of isosorbide from the mixture.
摘要:
The invention includes methods for producing dianhydrosugar alcohol by providing an acid catalyst within a reactor and passing a starting material through the reactor at a first temperature. At least a portion of the staring material is converted to a monoanhydrosugar isomer during the passing through the column. The monoanhydrosugar is subjected to a second temperature which is greater than the first to produce a dianhydrosugar. The invention includes a method of producing isosorbide. An initial feed stream containing sorbitol is fed into a continuous reactor containing an acid catalyst at a temperature of less than 120° C. The residence time for the reactor is less than or equal to about 30 minutes. Sorbitol converted to 1,4-sorbitan in the continuous reactor is subsequently provided to a second reactor and is dehydrated at a temperature of at least 120° C. to produce isosorbide.