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公开(公告)号：US06794077B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-21
申请号：US10036181
申请日：2001-12-28
IPC分类号： H01M202
CPC分类号： H01M8/04291 , H01M8/0247 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/04104 , H01M8/04134 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457 , H01M8/2484
摘要： A proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell includes fuel and oxidant flow field plates (26, 40) having fuel and oxidant channels (27, 28; 41, 44), and water channels, the ends (29, 48) of which that are adjacent to the corresponding reactant gas inlet manifold (34, 42) are dead ended, the other ends (31, 50) draining excess water into the corresponding reactant gas exhaust manifold (36, 45). Flow restrictors (39, 47) maintain reactant gas pressure above exit manifold pressure, and may comprise interdigitated channels (65, 66; 76, 78). Solid reactant gas flow field plates have small holes (85, 88) between reactant gas channels (27, 28; 41) and water drain channels (29, 30; 49, 50). In one embodiment, the fuel cells of a stack may be separated by either coolant plates (51) or solid plates (55) or both. In a second embodiment, coolant plates (51a) have weep holes (57) that inject water into the ends (29) of the reactant gas water channels which are in the region of the inlet manifold (34), thereby assuring humidification of the reactants.
摘要翻译： 质子交换膜（PEM）燃料电池包括具有燃料和氧化剂通道（27,28,41,44）和水通道的燃料和氧化剂流场板（26,40），其中所述端部（29,48） 邻近相应的反应气体入口歧管（34,42）是死端的，另一端（31,50）将多余的水排放到相应的反应气体排气歧管（36,45）中。 流量限制器（39,47）将反应气体压力保持在出口歧管压力以上，并且可以包括交错的通道（65,66; 76,78）。 固体反应物气体流场板在反应气体通道（27,28; 41）和排水通道（29,30; 49,50）之间具有小孔（85,88）。 在一个实施例中，堆叠的燃料电池可以由冷却板（51）或固体板（55）或两者分开。 在第二实施例中，冷却剂板（51a）具有将水注入位于入口歧管（34）的区域中的反应物气体水通道的端部（29）的排水孔（57），从而确保反应物的加湿 。
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公开(公告)号：US06913845B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-05
申请号：US10282311
申请日：2002-10-28
申请人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl , Lawrence J. Bregoli , Richard D. Breault , Emily A. Dykeman , Jeremy P. Meyers , Timothy W. Patterson , Tommy Skiba , Chris Vargas , Deliang Yang , Jung S. Yi
发明人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl , Lawrence J. Bregoli , Richard D. Breault , Emily A. Dykeman , Jeremy P. Meyers , Timothy W. Patterson , Tommy Skiba , Chris Vargas , Deliang Yang , Jung S. Yi
CPC分类号： H01M4/9083 , H01M4/926 , H01M8/0234 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/0271 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04228 , H01M8/04238 , H01M8/1016 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2465 , H01M8/2483 , H01M2008/1095 , H01M2300/0091
摘要： Each cell of a fuel cell stack is provided, between the anode 37 and cathodes 38, with either (a) a permanent shunt (20) which may be a discrete resistor (42-44), a diode (95), a strip of compliant carbon cloth (65), or a small amount of conductive carbon black (22) in the ionomer polymer mixture of which the proton exchange membrane (39) is formed, or (b) a removeable shunt such as a conductor (69) which may be rotated into and out of contact with the fuel cell anodes and cathodes, or a conductor (85) which may be urged into contact by means of a shape memory alloy actuator spring (90, 91), which may be heated.
摘要翻译： 在阳极37和阴极38之间提供燃料电池堆的每个电池，具有（a）永久性分流器（20），其可以是分立电阻器（42-44），二极管（95），一条 或其中形成质子交换膜（39）的离聚物聚合物混合物中的少量导电炭黑（22），或（b）诸如导体（69）的可移除分流器 可以与燃料电池阳极和阴极或者可以通过可被加热的形状记忆合金致动器弹簧（90,91）被推动接触的导体（85）旋转进入和脱离接触。
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公开(公告)号：US07201992B2
公开(公告)日：2007-04-10
申请号：US10750609
申请日：2003-12-31
申请人： Deliang Yang , Jung S. Yi
发明人： Deliang Yang , Jung S. Yi
IPC分类号： H01M2/14
CPC分类号： H01M8/0258 , H01M8/026 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/1007
摘要： A fuel cell includes a membrane electrode assembly (46) having a first reactant flow field (80) secured adjacent a first or second surface (48, 50) of the assembly (46) for directing flow of a first reactant adjacent the first or second surface of the assembly (46). The first reactant flow field (80) defines a plurality of two-pass circuits (82, 84, 86, 88), and each two-pass circuit (82) is in fluid communication with both a first reactant inlet (90) for directing the first reactant into the fuel cell (12), and with a first reactant outlet (92) for directing the first reactant out of the fuel cell (12). The plurality of two-pass circuits (82) facilitate water movement (112) toward the reactant inlet (90) to aid in passive maintenance of fuel cell (12) water balance.
摘要翻译： 燃料电池包括具有邻近组件（46）的第一或第二表面（48,50）固定的第一反应物流场（80）的膜电极组件（46），用于引导邻近第一或第二 组件（46）的表面。 第一反应物流场（80）限定多个双通道电路（82,84,86,88），并且每个双通电路（82）与第一反应物入口（90）流体连通，用于引导 第一反应物进入燃料电池（12），以及用于将第一反应物引导出燃料电池（12）的第一反应物出口（92）。 多个双程循环（82）有助于朝向反应物入口（90）的水移动（112），以帮助被动维护燃料电池（12）的水平衡。
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公开(公告)号：US06617068B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-09
申请号：US09940198
申请日：2001-08-27
IPC分类号： H01M202
CPC分类号： H01M8/086 , H01M8/0221 , H01M8/0228 , H01M8/0239 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/0271 , H01M8/0276 , H01M8/0297 , H01M8/04126 , H01M8/241
摘要： The invention is a bi-zone water transport plate for a fuel cell wherein the plate includes a water permeability zone and a bubble barrier zone. The bubble barrier zone extends between all reactive perimeters of the plate, has a pore size of less than 20 microns, and has a thickness of less than 25 percent of a shortest distance between opposed contact surfaces of the plate. The water permeability zone has a pore size of at least 100 percent greater than the pore size of the bubble barrier zone, and has a thickness of greater than 75 percent of the shortest distance between the opposed contact surfaces of the plate. By having a separate bubble barrier zone, the plate affords enhanced water permeability while the bubble barrier maintains a gas seal.
摘要翻译： 本发明是用于燃料电池的双区水输送板，其中板包括透水区和气泡阻挡区。 气泡阻挡区在板的所有反应性周长之间延伸，孔径小于20微米，并且具有小于板的相对接触表面之间最短距离的25％的厚度。 透水性区域的孔径比气泡阻挡区域的孔径大至少100％，并且具有大于板的相对的接触表面之间最短距离的75％的厚度。 通过具有单独的气泡阻挡区，当气泡阻挡层保持气体密封时，板提供增强的透水性。
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06399231B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-04
申请号：US09602361
申请日：2000-06-22
申请人： John Donahue , Thomas F. Fuller , Deliang Yang , Jung S. Yi
发明人： John Donahue , Thomas F. Fuller , Deliang Yang , Jung S. Yi
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M16/006 , H01M8/04238 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/0488 , H01M8/0491 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： PEM fuel cell performance losses caused by phenomena occurring during normal cell operation are recovered by periodically reducing the cathode potential to about 0.6 volts or less, and preferably to 0.1 volt or less. Once the cathode potential is reduced to the desired low level, it is maintained at or below that level for a period of time. The lower the potential to which the cathode is brought, the more quickly regeneration will occur. After regeneration, the cell, when returned to normal operation, will operate at a higher performance level.
摘要翻译： 通过将阴极电位周期性地降低到约0.6伏特或更小，优选为0.1伏或更小，来恢复在正常电池操作期间发生的现象引起的PEM燃料电池性能损失。 一旦阴极电位降低到所需的低电平，就将其保持在或低于该电平一段时间。 阴极的电位越低，再生就越快。 再生后，电池在恢复正常运行时将以更高的性能水平运行。
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公开(公告)号：US20060127723A1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-15
申请号：US11011372
申请日：2004-12-15
申请人： Timothy Rehg , Pavel Sokolov , Deliang Yang
发明人： Timothy Rehg , Pavel Sokolov , Deliang Yang
CPC分类号： H01M8/0267 , H01M8/0228 , H01M8/0247 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2483
摘要： A fuel cell includes a plurality of power-producing electrode-electrolyte assemblies and heat-conducting elements. Cathode air supplied to the fuel cell is heated inside the fuel cell by fuel cell by-product heat via the heat-conducting elements.
摘要翻译： 燃料电池包括多个发电电极 - 电解质组件和导热元件。 供给燃料电池的阴极空气通过燃料电池的副产物热经由导热元件在燃料电池内被加热。
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7.发明授权Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system having an anode exhaust recycle loop 有权启动具有阳极排气循环回路的燃料电池系统的步骤公开(公告)号：US07250229B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-31
申请号：US11231285
申请日：2005-09-20
申请人： Deliang Yang , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Richard D. Sawyer , Leslie L. Van Dine , Carl A. Reiser
发明人： Deliang Yang , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Richard D. Sawyer , Leslie L. Van Dine , Carl A. Reiser
IPC分类号： H01M8/06
CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04238 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457 , H01M16/003
摘要： A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and that has air in both its cathode and anode flow fields includes a) connecting an auxiliary resistive load across the cell to reduce the cell voltage; b) initiating a recirculation of the anode flow field exhaust through a recycle loop and providing a limited flow of hydrogen fuel into that recirculating exhaust; c) catalytically reacting the added fuel with oxygen present in the recirculating gases until substantially no oxygen remains within the recycle loop; disconnecting the auxiliary load; and then d) providing normal operating flow rates of fuel and air into respective anode and cathode flow fields and connecting the primary load across the cell. The catalytic reaction may take place on the anode or within a catalytic burner disposed within the recycle loop. The procedure allows start-up of the fuel cell system without the use of an inert gas purge while minimizing dissolution of the catalyst and corrosion of the catalyst support during the start-up process.
摘要翻译： 用于启动与其主负载断开且在其阴极和阳极流场中具有空气的燃料电池系统的过程包括：a）在电池之间连接辅助电阻负载以降低电池电压; b）启动阳极流场排气通过循环回路的再循环，并向该再循环排气提供有限的氢气燃料流; c）使添加的燃料与存在于再循环气体中的氧直接催化反应，直到基本上没有氧气残留在循环回路内; 断开辅助负载; 然后d）将燃料和空气的正常操作流量提供到相应的阳极和阴极流场中，并将主负载连接在电池上。 催化反应可以在阳极上或在设置在循环回路内的催化燃烧器中进行。 该程序允许在不使用惰性气体吹扫的情况下启动燃料电池系统，同时最小化催化剂的溶解和在启动过程中催化剂载体的腐蚀。
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8.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06306530B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-23
申请号：US09141086
申请日：1998-08-27
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/04074 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04291
摘要： A PEM flow field system of coolant medium for preventing the formation and accumulation of gas bubbles, having a critical viscous pressure drop therein is provided. The water transport plate includes a coolant flow field channel therein having an input port and an exit port. The coolant flow field channel includes at least one upward flow channel portion, at least one downward flow channel portion. Coolant medium is fluidly routed through the coolant flow field channel of the water transport plate at a flow rate which results in a viscous pressure drop that is greater than the buoyancy of a gas bubble trapped within the coolant flow field channel to prevent the accumulation thereof within the coolant flow field channel.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于防止在其中具有临界粘性压降的气泡的形成和积聚的冷却剂介质的PEM流场系统。 水输送板包括其中具有输入端口和出口的冷却剂流场通道。 冷却剂流动通道包括至少一个向上流动通道部分，至少一个向下流动通道部分。 冷却剂介质以流速流体地流过水输送板的冷却剂流场通道，该流速导致粘滞的压降大于在冷却剂流场通道内捕获的气泡的浮力，以防止其内积聚 冷却液流场通道。
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公开(公告)号：US6015634A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-18
申请号：US81626
申请日：1998-05-19
CPC分类号： H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/0612 , H01M2300/0082 , H01M8/04291
摘要： A PEM fuel cell system includes a PEM fuel cell that has an input and output port each for fuel or reformate, process air and coolant. A predetermined fraction of volume of moistened exhaust air leaving the air output port of the fuel cell is diverted back and combined with fresh, air at ambient temperature entering the air input port of the PEM fuel cell to maintain water balance in the fuel cell at high ambient operating temperatures. The recycle-to-air vent ratio is controlled by a processor which adjusts the recycle flow based on the ambient temperature and the power level of the fuel cell.
摘要翻译： PEM燃料电池系统包括PEM燃料电池，其具有各自用于燃料或重整产物，加工空气和冷却剂的输入和输出端口。 离开燃料电池的空气输出口的湿润排气的预定体积分数被转回并与新鲜的空气在进入PEM燃料电池的空气输入端口的环境温度下结合，以将燃料电池中的水平衡维持在高 环境工作温度。 再循环到排气比由处理器控制，处理器基于环境温度和燃料电池的功率水平来调节循环流量。
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公开(公告)号：US20060093879A1
公开(公告)日：2006-05-04
申请号：US11231285
申请日：2005-09-20
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04238 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457 , H01M16/003
摘要： A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and that has air in both its cathode and anode flow fields includes a) connecting an auxiliary resistive load across the cell to reduce the cell voltage; b) initiating a recirculation of the anode flow field exhaust through a recycle loop and providing a limited flow of hydrogen fuel into that recirculating exhaust; c) catalytically reacting the added fuel with oxygen present in the recirculating gases until substantially no oxygen remains within the recycle loop; disconnecting the auxiliary load; and then d) providing normal operating flow rates of fuel and air into respective anode and cathode flow fields and connecting the primary load across the cell. The catalytic reaction may take place on the anode or within a catalytic burner disposed within the recycle loop. The procedure allows start-up of the fuel cell system without the use of an inert gas purge while minimizing dissolution of the catalyst and corrosion of the catalyst support during the start-up process.
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