公开(公告)号：US07250229B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-31

申请号：US11231285

申请日：2005-09-20

申请人： Deliang Yang ,  Margaret M. Steinbugler ,  Richard D. Sawyer ,  Leslie L. Van Dine ,  Carl A. Reiser

发明人： Deliang Yang ,  Margaret M. Steinbugler ,  Richard D. Sawyer ,  Leslie L. Van Dine ,  Carl A. Reiser

IPC分类号： H01M8/06

CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/04007 ,  H01M8/04022 ,  H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04231 ,  H01M8/04238 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457 ,  H01M16/003

摘要： A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and that has air in both its cathode and anode flow fields includes a) connecting an auxiliary resistive load across the cell to reduce the cell voltage; b) initiating a recirculation of the anode flow field exhaust through a recycle loop and providing a limited flow of hydrogen fuel into that recirculating exhaust; c) catalytically reacting the added fuel with oxygen present in the recirculating gases until substantially no oxygen remains within the recycle loop; disconnecting the auxiliary load; and then d) providing normal operating flow rates of fuel and air into respective anode and cathode flow fields and connecting the primary load across the cell. The catalytic reaction may take place on the anode or within a catalytic burner disposed within the recycle loop. The procedure allows start-up of the fuel cell system without the use of an inert gas purge while minimizing dissolution of the catalyst and corrosion of the catalyst support during the start-up process.

摘要翻译： 用于启动与其主负载断开且在其阴极和阳极流场中具有空气的燃料电池系统的过程包括：a）在电池之间连接辅助电阻负载以降低电池电压; b）启动阳极流场排气通过循环回路的再循环，并向该再循环排气提供有限的氢气燃料流; c）使添加的燃料与存在于再循环气体中的氧直接催化反应，直到基本上没有氧气残留在循环回路内; 断开辅助负载; 然后d）将燃料和空气的正常操作流量提供到相应的阳极和阴极流场中，并将主负载连接在电池上。 催化反应可以在阳极上或在设置在循环回路内的催化燃烧器中进行。 该程序允许在不使用惰性气体吹扫的情况下启动燃料电池系统，同时最小化催化剂的溶解和在启动过程中催化剂载体的腐蚀。

公开(公告)号：US06514635B2

公开(公告)日：2003-02-04

申请号：US09770042

申请日：2001-01-25

申请人： Leslie L. Van Dine ,  Margaret M. Steinbugler ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Glenn W. Scheffler

发明人： Leslie L. Van Dine ,  Margaret M. Steinbugler ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Glenn W. Scheffler

IPC分类号： H01M800

CPC分类号： H01M8/04447 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/04455 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/04798 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457

摘要： A procedure for shutting down an operating fuel cell system that recirculates a portion of the anode exhaust in a recycle loop, includes disconnecting the primary load from the external circuit, stopping the flow of air to the cathode, and applying an auxiliary resistive load across the cells to reduce and/or limit cell voltage and reduce the cathode potential while fuel is still flowing to the anode and the anode exhaust is recirculating. The fuel flow is then stopped, but the anode exhaust continues to be circulated in the recycle loop to bring the hydrogen therein into contact with a catalyst in the presence of oxygen to convert the hydrogen to water, such as in a catalytic burner. The recirculating is continued until substantially all the hydrogen is removed. The cell may then be completely shut down. No inert gas purge is required as part of the shut-down process.

公开(公告)号：US07875397B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-25

申请号：US10736945

申请日：2003-12-15

申请人： James R. Geschwindt ,  Robin J. Guthrie ,  George S. Hirko, Jr. ,  Jeremy P. Meyers ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Javier Resto ,  Yu Wang ,  John H. Whiton ,  Leslie L. Van Dine ,  Elizabeth A. Allen ,  Deliang Yang

发明人： James R. Geschwindt ,  Robin J. Guthrie ,  George S. Hirko, Jr. ,  Jeremy P. Meyers ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Javier Resto ,  Yu Wang ,  John H. Whiton ,  Leslie L. Van Dine ,  Elizabeth A. Allen ,  Deliang Yang

IPC分类号： H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04231 ,  H01M8/0247 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2465 ,  H01M8/2483 ,  H01M8/2484

摘要： An inlet fuel distributor (10-10d) has a permeable baffle (39, 54, 54a, 60) between a fuel supply pipe (11, 83) and a fuel inlet manifold (12, 53, 53a, 63) causing fuel to be uniformly distributed along the length of the fuel inlet manifold. A surface (53, 68) may cause impinging fuel to turn and flow substantially omnidirectionally improving its uniformity. Recycle fuel may be provided (25, 71) into the flow downstream of the fuel inlet distributor. During startup, fuel or inert gas within the inlet fuel distributor and the fuel inlet manifold may be vented through an exhaust valve (57, 86) in response to a controller (58, 79) so as to present a uniform fuel front to the inlets of the fuel flow fields (58).

摘要翻译： 入口燃料分配器（10-10d）在燃料供应管（11,83）和燃料入口歧管（12,53,53a，63）之间具有导致燃料的可渗透挡板（39,54,54a，60） 沿着燃料入口歧管的长度均匀分布。 表面（53,68）可以使撞击的燃料转动并基本上全向流动地改善其均匀性。 可以向燃料入口分配器下游的流中提供循环燃料（25,71）。 在启动期间，入口燃料分配器和燃料入口歧管内的燃料或惰性气体可以响应于控制器（58,79）而通过排气阀（57,86）排出，以便向入口提供均匀的燃料前端 的燃料流场（58）。

公开(公告)号：US07258945B2

公开(公告)日：2007-08-21

申请号：US10722946

申请日：2003-11-26

申请人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl ,  Lawrence J. Bregoli ,  Ned E. Cipollini ,  Timothy W. Patterson ,  Marianne Pemberton ,  Jonathan Puhalski ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Richard D. Sawyer ,  Margaret M. Steinbugler ,  Jung S. Yi

发明人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl ,  Lawrence J. Bregoli ,  Ned E. Cipollini ,  Timothy W. Patterson ,  Marianne Pemberton ,  Jonathan Puhalski ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Richard D. Sawyer ,  Margaret M. Steinbugler ,  Jung S. Yi

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/0243 ,  H01M8/0245 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  H01M2250/10 ,  Y02B90/14

摘要： A fuel cell power plant includes a fuel cell having a membrane electrode assembly (MEA), disposed between an anode support plate and a cathode support plate, the anode and/or cathode support plates include a hydrophilic substrate layer having a predetermined pore size. The pressure of the reactant gas streams is greater than the pressure of the coolant stream, such that a greater percentage of the pores within the hydrophilic substrate layer contain reactant gas rather than water. Any water that forms on the cathode side of the MEA will migrate through the cathode support plate and away from the MEA. Controlling the pressure also ensures that the coolant water will continually migrate from the coolant stream toward the anode side of the MEA, thereby preventing the membrane from becoming dry. Proper pore size and a pressure differential between coolant and reactants improves the electrical efficiency of the fuel cell.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池发电厂包括具有设置在阳极支撑板和阴极支撑板之间的膜电极组件（MEA）的燃料电池，阳极和/或阴极支撑板包括具有预定孔径的亲水基底层。 反应物气体流的压力大于冷却剂流的压力，使得亲水基底层内的较大百分比的孔含有反应物气体而不是水。 在MEA的阴极侧形成的任何水将通过阴极支撑板迁移并远离MEA。 控制压力还可确保冷却水从冷却剂流向MEA的阳极侧连续迁移，从而防止膜变干。 冷却剂和反应物之间适当的孔径和压力差提高了燃料电池的电效率。

公开(公告)号：US20110039178A1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-17

申请号：US12925217

申请日：2010-10-14

申请人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl ,  Lawrence J. Bregoli ,  Ned E. Cipollini ,  Timothy W. Patterson ,  Marianne Pemberton ,  Jonathan Puhalski ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Richard D. Sawyer ,  Margaret M. Steinbugler ,  Jung S. Yi

发明人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl ,  Lawrence J. Bregoli ,  Ned E. Cipollini ,  Timothy W. Patterson ,  Marianne Pemberton ,  Jonathan Puhalski ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Richard D. Sawyer ,  Margaret M. Steinbugler ,  Jung S. Yi

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/0243 ,  H01M8/0245 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  H01M2250/10 ,  Y02B90/14

摘要： A fuel cell power plant (10) includes a fuel cell (12) having a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) (16), disposed between an anode support plate (14) and a cathode support plate (18), the anode and/or cathode support plates include a hydrophilic substrate layer (80, 82) having a predetermined pore size. The pressure of the reactant gas streams (22, 24) is greater than the pressure of the coolant stream (26), such that a greater percentage of the pores within the hydrophilic substrate layer contain reactant gas rather than water. Any water that forms on the cathode side of the MEA will migrate through the cathode support plate and away from the MEA. Controlling the pressure also ensures that the coolant water will continually migrate from the coolant stream toward the anode side of the MEA, thereby preventing the membrane from becoming dry. Proper pore size and a pressure differential between coolant and reactants improves the electrical efficiency of the fuel cell.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池发电厂（10）包括具有设置在阳极支撑板（14）和阴极支撑板（18）之间的膜电极组件（MEA）（16））的燃料电池（12），阳极和/或 阴极支撑板包括具有预定孔径的亲水基底层（80,82）。 反应物气体流（22,24）的压力大于冷却剂流（26）的压力，使得亲水基底层内的较大百分比的孔含有反应物气体而不是水。 在MEA的阴极侧形成的任何水将通过阴极支撑板迁移并远离MEA。 控制压力还可确保冷却水从冷却剂流向MEA的阳极侧连续迁移，从而防止膜变干。 冷却剂和反应物之间适当的孔径和压力差提高了燃料电池的电效率。

公开(公告)号：US06858336B2

公开(公告)日：2005-02-22

申请号：US10305300

申请日：2002-11-26

申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Deliang Yang ,  Richard D. Sawyer

发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Deliang Yang ,  Richard D. Sawyer

IPC分类号： H01M20060101 ,  H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M8/04228 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04231 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457

摘要： A procedure for shutting down an operating fuel cell system includes disconnecting the primary electricity using device and stopping the flow of hydrogen containing fuel to the anode, followed by quickly displacing the residual hydrogen with air by blowing air through the anode fuel flow field. A sufficiently fast purging of the anode flow field with air eliminates the need for purging with an inert gas such as nitrogen.

摘要翻译： 关闭操作燃料电池系统的过程包括断开主电力使用装置并阻止含氢燃料流向阳极，随后通过吹入空气通过阳极燃料流场快速地将空气置换为空气。 用空气充分快速地吹扫阳极流场消除了用诸如氮气的惰性气体吹扫的需要。

公开(公告)号：US07410712B2

公开(公告)日：2008-08-12

申请号：US11073207

申请日：2005-03-05

申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Deliang Yang ,  Richard D. Sawyer

发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Deliang Yang ,  Richard D. Sawyer

IPC分类号： H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457

摘要： A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and has both its cathode and anode flow fields filled with air includes initiating a flow of air through the cathode flow field and rapidly displacing the air in the anode flow field by delivering a flow of fresh hydrogen containing fuel into the anode flow field, and thereafter connecting the primary load across the cell. Sufficiently fast purging of the anode flow field with hydrogen prior to connecting the cells to the load eliminates the need for purging the anode flow field with an inert gas, such as nitrogen, upon start-up.

摘要翻译： 用于启动与其主要负载断开并且其阴极和阳极流动场充满空气的燃料电池系统的过程包括引发空气流过阴极流场并且通过在阳极流场中快速移动空气，由 将新鲜的含氢燃料流输送到阳极流场中，然后将主负载连接在电池上。 在将电池连接到负载之前，用氢气充分快速地吹扫阳极流场消除了在启动时用惰性气体例如氮气吹扫阳极流场的需要。

公开(公告)号：US06887599B2

公开(公告)日：2005-05-03

申请号：US10305301

申请日：2002-11-26

申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Deliang Yang ,  Richard D. Sawyer

发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Deliang Yang ,  Richard D. Sawyer

IPC分类号： H01M8/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457

摘要： A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and has both its cathode and anode flow fields filled with air includes initiating a flow of air through the cathode flow field and rapidly displacing the air in the anode flow field by delivering a flow of fresh hydrogen containing fuel into the anode flow field, and thereafter connecting the primary load across the cell. Sufficiently fast purging of the anode flow field with hydrogen prior to connecting the cells to the load eliminates the need for purging the anode flow field with an inert gas, such as nitrogen, upon start-up.

摘要翻译： 用于启动与其主要负载断开并且其阴极和阳极流动场充满空气的燃料电池系统的过程包括引发空气流过阴极流场并且通过在阳极流场中快速移动空气，由 将新鲜的含氢燃料流输送到阳极流场中，然后将主负载连接在电池上。 在将电池连接到负载之前，用氢气充分快速地吹扫阳极流场消除了在启动时用惰性气体例如氮气吹扫阳极流场的需要。

公开(公告)号：US06723461B2

公开(公告)日：2004-04-20

申请号：US10071626

申请日：2002-02-08

申请人： Michael E. Gorman ,  Donald L. Maricle ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  John C. Trocciola ,  Leslie L. Van Dine

发明人： Michael E. Gorman ,  Donald L. Maricle ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  John C. Trocciola ,  Leslie L. Van Dine

IPC分类号： H01M812

CPC分类号： H01M8/04067 ,  H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/04291

摘要： An improved water management system for PEM fuel cells is provided. Catalyst layers are disposed on both sides of a proton exchange membrane. Porous plates are positioned adjacent the catalyst layers. Water transport plates are positioned adjacent the porous plates and the reactant gas are humidified at their inlets, in one embodiment by fins, while moisture is removed in the fuel flow path and at the oxidant outlet, in one embodiment by other fins.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种改进的PEM燃料电池水管理系统。 催化剂层设置在质子交换膜的两侧。 多孔板位于催化剂层附近。 水输送板位于多孔板附近，并且在一个实施例中，反应气体在其入口处被加湿，在一个实施例中通过翅片加湿，同时在一个实施例中，在其它翅片中，在燃料流动路径和氧化剂出口处除去水分。

公开(公告)号：US07282285B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-16

申请号：US10473989

申请日：2002-04-05

申请人： Harold T. Couch ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Gennady Resnick ,  Deliang Yang ,  Emily A. Dykeman ,  David A. Condit

发明人： Harold T. Couch ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Gennady Resnick ,  Deliang Yang ,  Emily A. Dykeman ,  David A. Condit

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/2457 ,  H01M8/2465

摘要： A cell stack assembly (102) coolant system comprises a coolant exhaust conduit (110) in fluid communication with a coolant exhaust manifold (108) and a coolant pump (112). A coolant inlet conduit (120) enables transportation of the coolant to the coolant inlet manifold. The coolant system further includes a bypass conduit (132) in fluid communication with the coolant exhaust manifold and the coolant inlet manifold, while a bleed valve (130) is in fluid communication with the coolant exhaust conduit and a source of gas. Operation of the bleed valve enables venting of the coolant from the coolant channels, and through a shut down conduit (124). An increased pressure differential between the coolant and reactant gases forces water out of the pores in the electrode substrates (107,109). An ejector (250) prevents air form inhibiting the pump. Pulsed air is blown (238,239,243,245) through the coolant channels to remove more water.

摘要翻译： 电池堆组件（102）冷却剂系统包括与冷却剂排气歧管（108）和冷却剂泵（112）流体连通的冷却剂排放导管（110）。 冷却剂入口管道（120）能够将冷却剂输送到冷却剂入口歧管。 冷却剂系统还包括与冷却剂排出歧管和冷却剂入口歧管流体连通的旁通管道（132），而排放阀（130）与冷却剂排放管道和气体源流体连通。 泄放阀的操作使冷却剂从冷却剂通道排出，并通过关闭导管（124）。 冷却剂和反应气体之间的增加的压差迫使水从电极基板（107,109）中的孔隙中流出。 喷射器（250）防止空气形式阻止泵。 脉冲空气通过冷却剂通道吹出（238,239,243,245）以除去更多的水。